What's the difference between blot and smear?

Blot


Definition:

  • (v. t.) To spot, stain, or bespatter, as with ink.
  • (v. t.) To impair; to damage; to mar; to soil.
  • (v. t.) To stain with infamy; to disgrace.
  • (v. t.) To obliterate, as writing with ink; to cancel; to efface; -- generally with out; as, to blot out a word or a sentence. Often figuratively; as, to blot out offenses.
  • (v. t.) To obscure; to eclipse; to shadow.
  • (v. t.) To dry, as writing, with blotting paper.
  • (v. i.) To take a blot; as, this paper blots easily.
  • (n.) A spot or stain, as of ink on paper; a blur.
  • (n.) An obliteration of something written or printed; an erasure.
  • (n.) A spot on reputation; a stain; a disgrace; a reproach; a blemish.
  • (n.) An exposure of a single man to be taken up.
  • (n.) A single man left on a point, exposed to be taken up.
  • (n.) A weak point; a failing; an exposed point or mark.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Western blot analysis of these mitochondria using an antibody against carnitine palmitoyltransferase II purified from beef heart demonstrates a 68-kDa protein, which under ischemic conditions apparently is decreased by 2 kDa.
  • (2) We have developed a new procedure for the rapid preparation of undegraded total RNA from cultured cells for specific quantitation by dot blotting analysis.
  • (3) Only the approximately 2.7 kb mRNA species was visualized in Northern blots of total cellular and poly(A+) RNA isolated from cardiac ventricular muscle.
  • (4) In addition to performing Northern and Western blots for tyrosinase, tyrosine hydroxylase activity (THA) and dopa oxidase activity (DOA) were measured.
  • (5) After Western blot, 2 of the 5 protein bands of swine-cag (27 and 57 kD) and 3 of the 8 protein bands of human cag (27, 32, and 57 kD) reacted with the anti-Toxoplasma antibody used in the ELISA.
  • (6) Northern blot analysis with an 18-mer radiolabelled oligonucleotide, derived from an ALP specific cDNA clone, revealed a specific mRNA of about 700-800 nucleotides in HS-24 tumor cells.
  • (7) We have examined the pattern of bFGF expression during CNS development using protein immunoblot and RNA blot analyses.
  • (8) Therefore, we conclude this is a bovine DR beta-like pseudogene, BoDR beta I. Exon-containing regions have been used as probes in Southern blot analyses of bovine genomic DNA digested with EcoRI.
  • (9) Three distinct antigenic regions of bovine somatotropin (bST) were identified on the basis of the ability of a set of monoclonal antibodies to bind to proteolytic fragments and deletion variants of recombinant bST (rbST) in Western blot analyses.
  • (10) cDNA isolations, RNA, and genomic DNA blots confirm the existence and expression of two genes that produce indistinguishable SOD-4 proteins.
  • (11) We studied the feasibility of using RNA and DNA from autopsies for Northern and Southern blot analysis.
  • (12) Analysis of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) expression by enzyme assay and immunoblots, as well as Northern and dot blots of poly (A)+ RNA, in the deletion strains indicates that there are two upstream regulatory sequences that control the level of gene expression.
  • (13) The probe encoding LHCPII hybridizes to RNAs of 9.5 and 6.6 kb on northern blots of total RNA while the 3'-end probe hybridizes only to the 6.6 kb RNA.
  • (14) Enzyme activities were measured on nitrocellulose blots by using pure enzyme preparations as well as Triton X-100-solubilized membranes.
  • (15) The results indicated a very good comparability between the dot-blot assay and IF-tests, and this dot-blot method was ascertained as a simple and useful method for the scrub typhus serodiagnosis.
  • (16) An increase in cytoplasmic PRL mRNA content was evident in all the animals treated with estrogen as revealed with cytoplasmic dot blot analysis.
  • (17) All these strains produced an enterotoxic principle, antigenically related to cholera coli family of enterotoxins, as detected by latex agglutination and immuno-dot-blot tests.
  • (18) These alterations were not dependent on the prophage integration prior to curing, and no phage DNA was detected in cured cells by blot hybridisation.
  • (19) This study shows that the sensitivity and specificity of in situ hybridisation for the detection of EBV genomes in AIDS related lymphomas approaches that of Southern blotting, even when using routinely processed archival, paraffin wax embedded material.
  • (20) Western blot analysis revealed that the effect of PMA on U-373MG cells shows specificity in that GFA protein levels decline, while those of other major cytoskeletal proteins were unaltered.

Smear


Definition:

  • (n.) To overspread with anything unctuous, viscous, or adhesive; to daub; as, to smear anything with oil.
  • (n.) To soil in any way; to contaminate; to pollute; to stain morally; as, to be smeared with infamy.
  • (n.) A fat, oily substance; oinment.
  • (n.) Hence, a spot made by, or as by, an unctuous or adhesive substance; a blot or blotch; a daub; a stain.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) From these results it was concluded that FITC-Con A staining method applied to smear specimens is more advantageous in the rapidity and the simplicity for tumor cell diagnosis than section specimen method.
  • (2) The other 3 groups all had smear patterns similar to controls.
  • (3) The relationship between technique of obtaining Papanicolaou smears, presence of endocervical cells, and rate of cervical neoplasia was studied by comparing an endocervical and ectocervical nylon brush (Bayne brush), Ayre spatula plus endocervical brush, and spatula plus cotton-tipped swab in a randomized, prospective trial involving 11,061 patients.
  • (4) Four study groups were investigated using the Kato faecal smear method.
  • (5) Distribution of cells in these smears was found to be random.
  • (6) Subsequently, the inflammatory reaction diminishes, as can be seen on smears from tympanic effusions.
  • (7) All cases of MCT were correctly diagnosed on cytology, and amyloid could be demonstrated in the cytologic smears in three cases.
  • (8) Hosts showed vaginal opening within 5 days and cornified vaginal smears by 9 days.
  • (9) The absence of hemorrhagic manifestations with persisting low platelets counts led to a re-examination of peripheral blood smear and to the diagnosis of pseudothrombocytopenia.
  • (10) At diagnosis 25% showed malignant cells in the bone marrow smears.
  • (11) Slide smears revealed the rosette-shaped pattern characteristic of malignant neuroblastoma, many of which were fitted with dendritic plasmatic processes.
  • (12) The mean age of gravidae with doubtful smears is about 6 years beyond the mean age of gravidae with positive smears.
  • (13) Tissue imprints of rabbit liver and spleen and smears of human venous blood were stained and controlled microscopically.
  • (14) The unsatisfactory smear showed atypical spindle cells.
  • (15) An infectious etiology should be suspected in cases of necrotizing scleritis associated with a purulent discharge, and appropriate smears and cultures should be obtained.
  • (16) Using control blood smears, we compared the results of the Fetaldex kit with those results obtained by the Betke-Kleihauer technique.
  • (17) Fever was also associated with a higher incidence of lymphopenia, hyponatraemia, hypoalbuminaemia and many acid-fast bacilli on sputum smear.
  • (18) At necropsy 1 of the 21 animals exhibited tuberculous lesions, and acid-fast microorganisms were identified on direct smears of lymphatic tissue of a second animal.
  • (19) T lymphocyte subsets were identified with monoclonal antibodies and pattern of alpha-naphthyl-acetate esterase (ANAE) staining pattern in the case of peripheral blood and ANAE staining pattern with thyroid aspirate smears.
  • (20) Both patients had high levels of circulating capsular polysaccharide, and one patient had visible diplococci on a smear of the peripheral blood.