(n. sing. & pl.) A kind of missile weapon consisting of one, two, or more balls of stone, iron, or other material, attached to the ends of a leather cord; -- used by the Gauchos of South America, and others, for hurling at and entangling an animal.
Example Sentences:
(1) These MAb inhibited proliferative responses in the MLR by between 25 and 74%, and diminished blastogenesis induced by specific antigens (purified protein derivative + PPD and ovalbumin) and B-lymphocyte mitogens (PPD, lipopolysaccharide and dextran sulphate) by between 45 and 75%, regardless of BoLA-A phenotype.
(2) When responder cells in MLC did not share w8 or w11 with stimulator cells, cytotoxicity was evident with all targets bearing w8 or w11, or both, and was almost entirely restricted to these products of the BoLA-A locus.
(3) Also, each animal was typed for 32 class I antigens of the bovine major histocompatibility system (BoLA).
(4) The distribution of BoLA-A antigens among these relative mastitis-resistant cows was compared to that in the other half of the material (51), which comprised animals with at least one recorded treatment for mastitis.
(5) By using R2-5' beta 2 as a probe, these BoLA-DRB2 fragments were confirmed: 6.4 and 2.7-kb Eco RI alleles, 1.7- and 1.5-kb Pvu II alleles, 5.9-, 5.4-, 3.7- and 1.9-kb TaqI alleles, and a non-polymorphic 22.5-kb BamHI fragment.
(6) BoLA w6.2 and w11 showed significant association with high antitrypsin levels.
(7) Likewise, blood group M1 has an antigenically similar counterpart which is also part of the BoLA system.
(8) Each antigen appears to be the product of a distinct co-dominant allele of the BoLA-A locus.
(9) Lymphocytes from these cattle were tested in a lymphocytotoxicity test with alloantisera detecting all of the internationally recognised BoLA sera.
(10) Using FMDV-specific T-cell lines five BoLA class II types associated with responder animals were able to present FMDV15 in an MHC class II-restricted fashion, indicating that this peptide is capable of binding to different MHC class II molecules and may account for the broad response observed.
(11) BoLA class I antigens were characterized in a group of British and Dutch Friesian cattle by one-dimensional isoelectric focusing (1D-IEF) and the results compared with serology using alloantisera and microcytotoxicity.
(12) All of the specificities agreed in the first two international BoLA workshops were found in the African cattle, although there were significant differences in the frequency of some specificities between the African and European animals.
(13) Animals of closely matched BoLA class I types were selected by serology and subsequently typed for class I and class II by 1D-IEF of immunoprecipitated antigens.
(14) Expression from promoter P1, proximal to the bolA structural gene is specifically induced during the transition to the stationary phase of growth.
(15) Cattle with BoLA antigens W7 and CA36 had lower concentrations of nematode eggs in their faeces than cattle lacking these BoLA antigens.
(16) The association between bovine major histocompatibility system (BoLA) type and persistent lymphocytosis in cattle with antibodies to bovine leukaemia virus was examined by comparing antigen frequencies in cattle with persistent lymphocytosis to controls matched for age, sex, breed and presence of antibodies to BLV.
(17) Where CTL were potentially generated against two BoLA-A locus allele products at the same time (i.e.
(18) A cDNA library prepared from lymphocytes of a cow (E98), homozygous at major histocompatibility complex (MHC) loci (BoLA phenotype w10, KN104), was screened with a bovine MHC class I probe.
(19) Splits in the IEF typing were observed with EDF6 and EDF3, indicating that distinct BoLA class II haplotypes are not necessarily distinguished by 1D-IEF alone.
(20) The BoLA DQ and DYA types of the bulls were determined by analysing restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs).
Bolus
Definition:
(n.) A rounded mass of anything, esp. a large pill.
Example Sentences:
(1) We investigated whether these peptides also affect the sleep EEG in humans when given intravenously by comparing polysomnographically the effects of four boluses of (1) placebo, (2) 50 micrograms GHRH or (3) 50 micrograms SRIF administered at 22.00, 23.00, 24.00 and 1.00 h to 7 male controls.
(2) An intravenous bolus of 300 micrograms.kg-1 of 3-desacetylvecuronium was rapidly injected into the jugular vein.
(3) Dose distributions were evaluated under thin sheet lead used as surface bolus for 4- and 10-MV photons and 6- and 9-MeV electrons using a parallel-plate ion chamber and film.
(4) During anaesthesia with 60-70 per cent N2O in O2 and 0.2 per cent isoflurane, a maintenance dose (MD) of fentanyl was administered using a continuous variable-rate IV fentanyl infusion, supplemented by intermittent 50 micrograms IV boluses.
(5) Our dynamic study indicated that: 1) a bolus injection of contrast medium with our method of CTA (CTA-B) produced an attenuation difference between liver and tumor which was about double that obtained with standard methods for CTA, and 2) marked tumor-liver attenuation differences (above 20 HU) persisted for more than 60 s in CTA-B and for not more than 20 s with conventional methods for CTA.
(6) Studies have also been performed in conscious rats given BP either as an intravenous bolus or by gavage.
(7) Approximately 50% of a bolus injection of 125I-ANP was removed during a single pass through the lungs compared with the intravascular marker 14C-dextran.
(8) Vasoconstriction by 2 leads to significantly (p less than 0.01) lower blood levels of 1 in contrast to bolus injection of 1 without 2 under identical dosage regimens.
(9) In urethane-anesthetized rabbits, IOP and blood pressure were lowered by intravenous administration of delta 9-THC but not by bolus cerebral administration.
(10) bolus injection of 400 microCi MAb E48 IgG (number of mice (n = 6, number of tumours (t) = 9) or 800 microCi MAb E48 IgG (n) = 5,t = 7), whereas control groups received either diluent (n = 3,t = 5), unlabelled MAb E48 IgG (n = 4,t = 5) or 800 microCi 131I-labelled isotype-matched control MAb (n = 6,t = 9).
(11) To evaluate the clearance and circulation of ATP and its metabolites after intravenous injection, 20 rabbits received ATP-MgCl2 as a bolus injection or a continuous intravenous infusion.
(12) The effect of intraduodenal acidification or intravenous bolus injections of secretin on plasma insulin concentrations during infusions of glucose was also examined.
(13) Colitis was induced in the distal colon by rectal infusion of formaldehyde solution, followed by an intravenous bolus of soluble immune complexes.
(14) Nine patients were admitted to the hospital, placed on a diet containing 150 mEq sodium, and studied for periods of 4 hours, on different days, in the following conditions: (1) supine position, (2) upright posture (UP), (3) UP after 10 mg domperidone, intravenously in bolus, and (4) UP after 3 days of domperidone, 30 mg orally.
(15) One is the ureteral peristaltic contraction which plays a principal role in urinary bolus transport at low flows; the other is ureteral wall tonus, which plays an important role in the transport of columns of urine by the ureter, which does not coapt its walls, at the higher flow rates.
(16) Epidurally administered clonidine represents a new approach to postcesarean section pain therapy, yet the appropriate bolus dose and infusion to provide effective pain relief have not been defined.
(17) with half given as an intravenous bolus and the remainder administered subcutaneously.
(18) Pituitary gonadotropin reserve and responsiveness were studied by giving an intravenous bolus of synthetic LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH) and measuring the circulating gonadotropin levels before and after the injection.
(19) It is possible that in a similar future case, discontinuance of dextran infusion and administration of a single bolus of 12 bags of cryoprecipitate may be adequate treatment.
(20) Experimentally induced tongue contact with a variety of solid surfaces during lapping (an activity involving accumulation of a liquid bolus in the valleculae) induced neither increased jaw opening nor the additional EMG pattern.