(n. pl.) A group of decapod Crustacea, including the common crabs, characterized by a small and short abdomen, which is bent up beneath the large cephalo-thorax. [Also spelt Brachyoura.] See Crab, and Illustration in Appendix.
Example Sentences:
(1) Effects of pH and temperature on hemocyanin oxygen binding were examined using dialyzed blood from the hydrothermal vent crustaceans Bythograea thermydron (Brachyura) and Alvinocaris lusca (Caridea); blood samples were dialyzed against physiological salines having the same inorganic ion concentration as the blood.
(2) In the tropical forest surrounding villages four of the flea species were found: X. vexabilis, a specific parasite of the forest-dwelling rat Berylmys berdmorei, L. klossi found on six species of forest small mammals, Acropsylla girshami from Berylmys bowersii and Pariodontis subjugis from Hystrix brachyura.
(3) Leukocytes from two macropod marsupials, the quokka (Setonix brachyuras) and the tammar (Macropus eugenii) were separated from whole blood by dextran sedimentation and established in culture with either phytohemagglutinin-P, concanavalin A, or pokeweed mitogen.
Crab
Definition:
(n.) One of the brachyuran Crustacea. They are mostly marine, and usually have a broad, short body, covered with a strong shell or carapace. The abdomen is small and curled up beneath the body.
(n.) The zodiacal constellation Cancer.
(a.) A crab apple; -- so named from its harsh taste.
(a.) A cudgel made of the wood of the crab tree; a crabstick.
(a.) A movable winch or windlass with powerful gearing, used with derricks, etc.
(a.) A form of windlass, or geared capstan, for hauling ships into dock, etc.
(a.) A machine used in ropewalks to stretch the yarn.
(a.) A claw for anchoring a portable machine.
(v. t.) To make sour or morose; to embitter.
(v. t.) To beat with a crabstick.
(v. i.) To drift sidewise or to leeward, as a vessel.
(a.) Sour; rough; austere.
Example Sentences:
(1) A total of 202 cultures of yeasts were isolated and characterized from king crab and Dungeness crab meat.
(2) King crabs (Family Lithodidae) are among the world's largest arthropods, having a crab-like morphology and a strongly calcified exoskeleton.
(3) Sarcomas (fleshy tumors) were distinguished from carcinoma (crab leg tumors) at the time of Hippocrates.
(4) In a second series, crabs were repeatedly exposed during training to a light pulse (CS) immediately followed by shock (UCS), and after a 6-h rest interval, tested with either CS-UCS or UCS.
(5) No blood group polymorphism was revealed by testing bonnet macaque red cells with isoantisera produced in rhesus monkeys (M. mulatta) and in crab-eating macaques (M. fascicularis).
(6) These findings provide ultrastructural correlates of the electrophysiological changes produced by glycerol treatment of the closer muscle of the ghost crab (Papir, 1973), namely, interference with excitation-contraction (e-c) coupling.
(7) A clottable protein, named coagulogen, was highly purified from the amoebocyte lysate of Japanese horseshoe crab (Tachypleus tridentatus) by a method similar to that used for the lysate of Limulus polyphemus amoebocytes.
(8) The carbon dioxide solubility coefficient, alphaCO2, and the apparent carbonic acid dissociation constants, K'1 and K'2 were estimated in the serum of the crab Carcinus maenas at various temperatures and ionic strengths.
(9) Two forms of cytochrome P-450 (P-450MC1 and P-450MC2) were purified from liver microsomes of crab-eating monkeys (Macaca irus) treated with 3-methylcholanthrene (MC).
(10) Electrical activity recorded intracellularly from peptidergic neurosecretory terminal dilatations in the sinus gland of crabs (principally Cardisoma guanhumi and C. carnifex) is described.
(11) Isolated muscle fibers from the motor legs of the crab Trichodactilus dilocarcinus were submitted to strong hyperpolarizing currents of varied intensities which produced tension during the current pulse.
(12) The amino acid sequence of troponin C obtained from horseshoe crab, Tachypleus tridentatus, striated muscle was determined by sequence analysis and alignments of chemically and enzymatically cleaved peptides.
(13) C.subimmaculatus was closely associated with a particular substrate and the presence of burrowing crabs.
(14) Our studies in crab-eating macaques indicate that presence in a mother's serum of potent antibodies reactive for red cells for her fetus will not necessarily cause erythroblastosis; in one case the maternal antibodies did not penetrate the placental barrier, and in two cases although the fetal red cells were maximally antibody-coated, they remained undamaged and the disease failed to develop.
(15) A 40-day adaptation of crabs to the freshened sea water results in an increase of maximal activity of Na,K-ATPase, but does not affect the enzyme affinity for ATP, Na+, K+, Mg2+ and ouabain, as well as its cooperative properties.
(16) When crab meat was ingested, none of these four arsenic species were observed at elevated levels until the urine was heated in 2N NaOH.
(17) Clots were allowed to form in samples of whole blood taken from the American horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus, in the absence and presence of dansylcadaverine (16), and were analyzed for their contents of N epsilon(gamma-glutamyl)lysine and gamma-glutamyl-dansylcadaverine.
(18) The experiments were performed on in vitro X-organ sinus gland neurosecretory systems from the eyestalk of the crab Cardisoma carnifex.
(19) On the upper reaches of the Cross River from the region around Mamfe and extending as far as the Nigerian fronter at Ekok, the crabs were infected exclusively with P. uterobilateralis.
(20) When the crabs Cancer antennarius and Petrolisthes cinctipes were in seawater (SW), amiloride (10(-4) M) reduced NH3 efflux by approximately 33 and 60%.