What's the difference between breach and chap?

Breach


Definition:

  • (n.) The act of breaking, in a figurative sense.
  • (n.) Specifically: A breaking or infraction of a law, or of any obligation or tie; violation; non-fulfillment; as, a breach of contract; a breach of promise.
  • (n.) A gap or opening made made by breaking or battering, as in a wall or fortification; the space between the parts of a solid body rent by violence; a break; a rupture.
  • (n.) A breaking of waters, as over a vessel; the waters themselves; surge; surf.
  • (n.) A breaking up of amicable relations; rupture.
  • (n.) A bruise; a wound.
  • (n.) A hernia; a rupture.
  • (n.) A breaking out upon; an assault.
  • (v. t.) To make a breach or opening in; as, to breach the walls of a city.
  • (v. i.) To break the water, as by leaping out; -- said of a whale.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) To a supporter at the last election like me – someone who spoke alongside Nick Clegg at the curtain-raiser event for the party conference during the height of Labour's onslaught on civil liberties, and was assured privately by two leaders that the party was onside about civil liberties – this breach of trust and denial of principle is astonishing.
  • (2) A Palestinian delegation was to hold truce talks on Sunday in Cairo with senior US and Egyptian officials, but Israel has said it sees no point in sending its negotiators to the meeting, citing what it says are Hamas breaches of previous agreed truces.
  • (3) In a barely-noticed submission to the government's Environmental Audit Committee, the London borough of Hounslow, the airport's near neighbours, said the airport was: breaching the World Health Organisation's guidelines for the levels for noise in people's bedrooms; breaching the EU guidelines for levels of nitrogen dioxide; and breaching British standards on the noise experienced by children in classrooms.
  • (4) If Navalny is guilty of breaching Russian law, there are law enforcement agencies that can and should prevent crime,” he says.
  • (5) Age UK believes McDonald's human rights have been breached and that there could be "extremely adverse and devastating consequences for many thousands of older people if other councils take similar decisions to save money".
  • (6) OPM hack: China blamed for massive breach at US federal agency Read more The full scale of the information the attackers accessed remains unknown but could include highly sensitive data such as medical records, employment files and financial details, as well as information on security clearances and more.
  • (7) Target’s data breach in 2013 exposed details of as many as 40m credit and debit card accounts and hurt its holiday sales that year.
  • (8) Although the introduction of the 50% rate breached a key New Labour manifesto commitment, Brown insisted: "What we are about is aspiration, we are about helping people get on, we are about giving people new chances, we are about helping people make the most of their potential.
  • (9) Before the introduction of endoscopy, four out of 720 cases of gastric cancer were diagnosed before the cancer had breached the muscularis propia, an incidence of 0.5%.
  • (10) He said Coulson quite clearly knew hacking was a breach of the Press Complaints Commission code and there might be privacy issues, but never knew it was a crime.
  • (11) Hence, reaction of chemical carcinogen with nuclear DNA is possible only when the cell is overwhelmed leading to cell death, or following a temporary breach of the nuclear membrane control points, but the DNA damage in the latter is totally reparable.
  • (12) The documentary was cleared of breaching Ofcom's broadcasting code.
  • (13) However, Ofcom concluded that the word was capable of causing offence and the context did not justify its broadcast, finding Top Gear in breach of section 2.3 of the broadcasting code, which covers generally accepted standards.
  • (14) The Kuwaiti admitted openly lobbying for Bach, a breach of IOC rules, but both downplayed his influence following Bach's victory.
  • (15) The bill, intended to increase and update intelligence agency powers, would create a new framework for covert operations involving conduct that would otherwise breach criminal law.
  • (16) Yet Leveson proposes giving his new board the power "to hear complaints whoever they come from", including from "a representative group affected by the alleged breach" of an as-yet-unwritten code.
  • (17) In a statement to the UN's general assembly last summer, Ramgoolam said: "The dismemberment of part of our territory, the Chagos archipelago – prior to independence – by the then colonial power, the United Kingdom, in clear breach of international law, leaves the process of decolonisation not only of Mauritius, but of Africa , incomplete."
  • (18) Soldier Y replied: "It would be regarded as a gross breach, bearing in mind the nature and quantity of the ammunition that was allegedly found at the defendant's house."
  • (19) The MoD had said claims of negligence or breaches of the soldiers' human rights should be blocked because of combat immunity.
  • (20) The Ulster Unionist health spokesman added: "I am concerned that a high court judge has deemed that the minister of health has breached the ministerial code.

Chap


Definition:

  • (v. t.) To cause to open in slits or chinks; to split; to cause the skin of to crack or become rough.
  • (v. t.) To strike; to beat.
  • (v. i.) To crack or open in slits; as, the earth chaps; the hands chap.
  • (v. i.) To strike; to knock; to rap.
  • (n.) A cleft, crack, or chink, as in the surface of the earth, or in the skin.
  • (n.) A division; a breach, as in a party.
  • (n.) A blow; a rap.
  • (n.) One of the jaws or the fleshy covering of a jaw; -- commonly in the plural, and used of animals, and colloquially of human beings.
  • (n.) One of the jaws or cheeks of a vise, etc.
  • (n.) A buyer; a chapman.
  • (n.) A man or boy; a youth; a fellow.
  • (v. i.) To bargain; to buy.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) For this, different detergents such as Triton X-100, CHAPS and n-octyl beta-D glucopyranoside were tested at various concentrations, durations and temperatures of incubation.
  • (2) At detergent concentrations above their critical micelle concentrations, C12E8 was also much more effective than CHAPS, suggesting that micelles are not involved.
  • (3) That’s plain wrong, has been for decades, and a clever chap like Nelson should know it.
  • (4) End-on views of G on virus clearly showed triangles consisting of three dots indicating the trimeric nature of native G. End-on views of CHAPS-isolated G showed very similar triangles confirming that, using this detergent, G was solubilized in its native trimeric structure.
  • (5) Previous investigations (El Mestikawy et al., J Neurochem 51: 1031-1040, 1988) have shown that 5-HT1A binding sites (R[5-HT1A]) solubilized by CHAPS from rat hippocampal membranes can be modulated by guanine nucleotides, as expected from their solubilization together with associated G regulatory proteins (G).
  • (6) Initially, peripheral polypeptides were removed from apically enriched vesicles by washing with alkaline buffer (pH 10.8) containing 2 mM CHAPS.
  • (7) The enzymes could be solubilized from the membrane fractions using CHAPS, and the detergent-soluble activity partially restored by addition of phospholipids.
  • (8) Furthermore, the effects of detergents other than CHAPS on hydrodynamic parameters and on [3H]TCDD binding to the receptor were studied.
  • (9) Cation exchange chromatography on carboxymethylcellulose-Sephadex with a starting buffer of pH 5 containing 2 mM CHAPS plus 20 mM beta-OG, followed by a pH 8 buffer, showed a very small OD peak at the void volume (P) and a second peak with about 95% of the protein (E).
  • (10) The binding of CHAPS to the SynChropak Propyl stationary phase and its effects on retention were found to be readily reversible.
  • (11) Leukotriene C4 (LTC4) synthase was solubilized from the microsomes of guinea-pig lung by the new procedures of a combination of 3-[3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio)-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS), digitonin and KCl.
  • (12) These treatments also caused an altered distribution of phosphorylated integrin between the CHAPS soluble and insoluble fractions.
  • (13) The ryanodine receptor protein of sheep cardiac muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes functions as a ligand-regulated ion channel following solubilization with the zwitterionic detergent CHAPS (3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)-dimethylammonio]-1- propane sulphonate); purification by density gradient centrifugation, reconstitution into proteo-liposomes and incorporation into planar phospholipid bilayers.
  • (14) The chap who assessed my brother was a physiotherapist,” she said.
  • (15) The augmentation of tone was endothelium-dependent as it did not occur following functional destruction of the endothelium by perfusion of the vascular bed with the detergent CHAPS (0.3%) for 150s.
  • (16) Isoelectric focusing in 2% 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS) without urea gives good results as does 2% Nonidet-P40 with 8 M urea.
  • (17) Sodium nitroprusside was approximately 200 times less potent than acetylcholine in the presence of the endothelium and was the only vasorelaxant to be active after destruction of the endothelium by perfusion with 0.3% CHAPS; in the absence of the endothelium it was 3.7 times more potent as a vasodilator than in its presence.
  • (18) Among three detergents tested, CHAPS is the best in preserving hormonal binding affinity and specificity.
  • (19) In addition, the 44% peak became increasingly resistant to the inhibitory effect of CHAPS.
  • (20) Optimal yield was obtained by pretreatment of whole M. pneumoniae cells with buffer containing 1% Chaps and subsequent extraction with octylglucosid at a detergent to protein ratio of 5 and at octylglycoside concentrations between 1.5 and 2%.