(n.) A compound of bromine with a positive radical.
Example Sentences:
(1) The effect of ipratropium bromide administered at two dosage levels, 40 and 80 mug, isoproterenol, 150 mug, and placebo using a metered dose inhaler was evaluated in ten adult patients with asthma in a double-blind, crossover study.
(2) A semiautomated colorimetric assay (MTT assay), based on the ability of live cells to reduce a tetrazolium-based compound, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), to a purplish colored formazan product that can be measured spectrophotometrically, has recently been adapted for use in drug sensitivity analysis of cultured human tumor cell lines.
(3) Samples of raw cereals imported in Italy and of other foodstuffs that can be treated with bromine-containing fumigants were analysed for the total bromide content.
(4) Uptake into arterial collagens and release of labeled hydroxyproline were then measured after 2.5 h. The relative amounts of types I and III collagens were assessed from the levels of cyanogen-bromide-derived peptides alpha 1(I)CB8 and alpha 1(III)CB5, respectively, after sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
(5) The use of SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the cyanogen bromide derived peptides from fibrous cartilage collagens enabled to calculate type I to type II collagen ratio in this tissue.
(6) The patients received no premedication or basic anaesthesia and relaxation was obtained using pancuronium bromide.
(7) The inhibitory phase was blocked by atropine and the excitatory phase was eliminated by tubocurarine chloride, hexamethonium bromide or pindolol.
(8) We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the effect of a new anticholinergic agent, oxitropium bromide, on bronchoconstriction induced by inhaled propranolol in seven subjects with mild asthma 24 to 39 yr of age.
(9) Ten copies of HIV-1 DNA could be detected by PCR-EIA (42 fluorescent units with a background of 18 fluorescent units) compared with a detection limit of 1000 copies by ethidium bromide-stained agarose gel.
(10) Because previous work has shown that radioisotope release from parasites may be nonspecific, separate experiments were performed to determine the cytotoxicity of LAK cells against antibody-coated trophozoites by using ethidium bromide-acridine orange staining to assess effector cell damage.
(11) Key intermediate of the synthesis was 2-formyl-estradiol (2) which was prepared in quantitative yield through reaction of the phenoxymagnesium bromide of estradiol with formaldehyde in the presence of HMPA.
(12) The relative standard deviations for bromide at 10(-7) M and for iodide at 10(-8) M concentration were 1.9% and 3.0%, respectively, using a 10-mL sample for the determination without preconcentration.
(13) This enhancement of the release of radioactivity was inhibited by phospholipase A2 inhibitors, quinacrine (1 mM) and p-bromophenacyl bromide (10 microM), suggesting that polyethylenimine and polyallylamine activates phospholipase A2 to generate arachidonate and its metabolites.
(14) Plasmid sequences were readily observed by ethidium bromide staining of cellular DNA after restriction endonuclease digestion and agarose gel electrophoresis.
(15) Cytochemical localization of ovoperoxidase activity with diaminobenzidine revealed almost a total lack of staining of FEs from bromide-substituted sea water.
(16) Cells were exposed to chlorhexidine, hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite for 15 min and cell viability was assessed 24 h later with a colorimetric assay which utilizes the tetrazolium salt 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT).
(17) The sequence was obtained from analysis of peptides isolated from chymotryptic, cyanogen bromide, and limited acid cleavages of the protein.
(18) The latter compounds were reduced with lithium aluminium hydride to the respective amines (II a-c) and then N-alkylated by reaction with 2-propynyl-, 2-butynyl- or 2,3-butadienyl bromides to the corresponding amines (III a-j).
(19) When the detergents with aliphatic hydrophobic residues were compared, a cationic detergent cethylmethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was more toxic than non-ionic or anionic detergents.
(20) Cyanogen bromide cleavage of the 145000 subunit produced a single peptide of Mr 75000.
Bromine
Definition:
(n.) One of the elements, related in its chemical qualities to chlorine and iodine. Atomic weight 79.8. Symbol Br. It is a deep reddish brown liquid of a very disagreeable odor, emitting a brownish vapor at the ordinary temperature. In combination it is found in minute quantities in sea water, and in many saline springs. It occurs also in the mineral bromyrite.
Example Sentences:
(1) Samples of raw cereals imported in Italy and of other foodstuffs that can be treated with bromine-containing fumigants were analysed for the total bromide content.
(2) The normal levels of bromine in human tissue are given and their use in the interpretation of levels found when over-exposure is a possibility is described.
(3) Z-DNA antigen was prepared against poly(dG-dC).poly(dG-dC), which had been converted to the Z-helix conformation in high salt and then stabilized by bromination.
(4) It is found that each of these polymers, including those with brominated bases and those with the four different bases, have a characteristic negative feature at short wavelengths when in the Z form.
(5) Synthesis of hexabromonaphthalenes (HBNs) by direct bromination of naphthalene results in a mixture of two isomers.
(6) In this report the accuracy of this method is established by comparison of spin-label quenching to that obtained using brominated lipids.
(7) 8-Bromo-2'-omicron-acetylinosine cyclic 3',5'-phosphate and 8-[(p-chlorophenyl)thio]-2'-omicron-acetylinosine cyclic 3',5'-phosphate were produced by acylation of 8-bromoinosine cyclic 3',5'-phosphate and 8-[(p-chlorophenyl)thio]inosine cyclic 3',5'-phosphate, respectively; while 8-bromo-2'-omicron-butyrylguanosine cyclic 3',5'-phosphate was synthesized by bromination of 2'-omicron-butyrylguanosine cyclic 3',5'-phosphate.
(8) [14C]Bromomisonidazole was prepared by direct bromination of [ring-2] [14C]misonidazole in dioxane.
(9) In November 1984, because of an accident at a chemical plant, the population of a large area in the town of Geneva, Switzerland, was exposed to toxic bromine gas during several hours at concentrations above the short-term exposure limit.
(10) The absolute configuration of the compound was determined by X-ray structure analysis of its dihydrobromide using the anomalous dispersion of bromine.
(11) The hepatic levels of triglycerides, total proteins and glycogen, as well as the weight gain and caloric intake of the animals which were fed 0.1 g of brominated oil per 100 g diet, were similar to those of the control group.
(12) Substrate specificity towards chlorinated and brominated substrates was limited to short chain monosubstituted 2-halocarboxylic acids.
(13) The minor isomer is definitively identified as 2,3,4,5,6,7-HBN by high-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analysis of brominated [1-13C]naphthalene-derived products.
(14) None of the patients developed brominism or bromine intoxication.
(15) Electrophilic substitution (chlorination, bromination, and iodination) was effected at the C-5 position of compound 3 with N-chlorosuccinimide, N-bromosuccinimide, and iodine monochloride, respectively, in methylene chloride.
(16) Various soluble tracers were evaluated, among them indium, scandium, and bromine.
(17) This allows a bromine (microgram) to chlorine (mg) ratio to be established (3.2) above which bromine exposure must be considered.
(18) Both dehalogenases show a broad substrate specificity, allowing the degradation of bromine- and chlorine-substituted organic compounds.
(19) The relationship among iodine, bromine and chlorine concentrations in cow's milk samples in Japan was studied with a regression analysis.
(20) The first enzyme was a halophenol para-hydroxylase, a membrane-associated monooxygenase that required molecular oxygen and catalyzed the para-hydroxylation and dehalogenation of chlorinated, fluorinated, and brominated phenols to the corresponding halogenated hydroquinones.