What's the difference between cascade and precipitate?

Cascade


Definition:

  • (n.) A fall of water over a precipice, as in a river or brook; a waterfall less than a cataract.
  • (v. i.) To fall in a cascade.
  • (v. i.) To vomit.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) With fields and fells already saturated after more than four times the average monthly rainfall falling within the first three weeks of December, there was nowhere left to absorb the rainfall which has cascaded from fields into streams and rivers.
  • (2) The following model is suggested: exogenous ATP interacts with a membrane receptor in the presence of Ca2+, a cascade of events occurs which mobilizes intracellular calcium, thereby increasing the cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration which consequently opens the calcium-activated K+ channels, which then leads to a change in membrane potential.
  • (3) Each point of the interleukin cascade reaction was examined.
  • (4) All cellular signals characterized so far are reverted during retrodifferentiation: Redistribution of PKC and down-regulation of c-fos and c-jun contribute to an interruption of the differentiation-associated transsignaling cascade.
  • (5) Present antihypertensive therapy is directed largely at secondary factors dependent upon or influencing the primary phospholipase C cascade.
  • (6) Since testosterone influenced both tissue stores and PDBu-stimulated secretion of LHRH and GAP, this steroid may selectively regulate biosynthesis and secretion of pro-LHRH-derived peptides through activation of the metabolic cascade involving the PKC system.
  • (7) Extracellular signals that promote cell growth activate cascades of protein kinases.
  • (8) Using serine proteinase inhibitors and antibodies to plasminogen activators as well as a newly described collagenase inhibitor we demonstrate that a protease cascade leads to the activation of an enzyme(s) that cleaves collagen IV.
  • (9) Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) has a similar hormone-like action and activates the signal transfer cascade that eventually leads to platelet aggregation as well as vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation.
  • (10) However, the role of calcium homeostasis in regulating several biochemical pathways implicated in other steps of the metastatic cascade suggests that calcium channel antagonists could also inhibit metastasis by other mechanisms.
  • (11) Since ADH exerts its effects by activation of adenylyl cyclase (AC), further experiments were performed to identify the site at which CP inhibits this cascade.
  • (12) Autoantibodies which interfere with the function of enzyme cascade systems have also been described in diseases such as acquired haemophilia (anti-factor VIII antibodies) and glomerulonephritis (C3 nephritic factor).
  • (13) The cyclic adenosine nucleotide pathway is turned off by kinase A activity, whereas the inositol trisphosphate cascade is terminated by kinase C. The data support the concept that desensitization of odorant responses involves phosphorylation of key elements in the transduction cascade.
  • (14) These hormonal responses trigger a cascade of metabolic adjustments leading to catabolism and substrate mobilization in the postoperative period.
  • (15) The series filter model is compatible with a simply physical model consisting of cascaded chemical reactions whose forward rate constants are reciprocals of the filter time constants, whose reverse rate constants are negligible, and in which the concentration of an intermediate product controls membrane current.
  • (16) E capture IC via complement receptors, type 1 (CR1) which can bind to C3b and C4b ligand sites generated on IC during activation of the complement cascade.
  • (17) The EU was not properly promoting cascade use either he said.
  • (18) Speculatively, the blockage by dbcAMP of the morphogenetic cascade in the co-cultured system may be related to the inhibition by dbcAMP of testis cord formation in organ cultures of fetal gonads reported by others.
  • (19) Component of the cascade model represented adventitia and media layers of the wall.
  • (20) These data suggest that sCR1 inhibits the Arthus reaction by interrupting the activation of the C cascade, hence limiting the detrimental immune complex-induced tissue damage in vivo.

Precipitate


Definition:

  • (a.) Overhasty; rash; as, the king was too precipitate in declaring war.
  • (a.) Lacking due deliberation or care; hurried; said or done before the time; as, a precipitate measure.
  • (a.) Falling, flowing, or rushing, with steep descent; headlong.
  • (a.) Ending quickly in death; brief and fatal; as, a precipitate case of disease.
  • (n.) An insoluble substance separated from a solution in a concrete state by the action of some reagent added to the solution, or of some force, such as heat or cold. The precipitate may fall to the bottom (whence the name), may be diffused through the solution, or may float at or near the surface.
  • (v. t.) To throw headlong; to cast down from a precipice or height.
  • (v. t.) To urge or press on with eager haste or violence; to cause to happen, or come to a crisis, suddenly or too soon; as, precipitate a journey, or a conflict.
  • (v. t.) To separate from a solution, or other medium, in the form of a precipitate; as, water precipitates camphor when in solution with alcohol.
  • (v. i.) To dash or fall headlong.
  • (v. i.) To hasten without preparation.
  • (v. i.) To separate from a solution as a precipitate. See Precipitate, n.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The nuclear origin of the Ha antigen was confirmed by the speckled nuclear immunofluorescence staining pattern given by purified antibody to Ha obtained from a specific immune precipitate.
  • (2) The Fc fragment of this protein reacted with and was solubilized by the staphylococcal A protein which also precipitated the intact immunoglobulin.
  • (3) It could be demonstrated by radioimmune precipitation of virus labeled with[35S]methionine that all three polypeptides are specific for hog cholera virions.
  • (4) Nine of the in vivo synthesized early polypeptides can be precipitated specifically from infected cell extracts by antisera with specificity against early adenovirus proteins.
  • (5) Its pathogenesis, still incompletely elucidated, involves the precipitation of immune complexes in the walls of the all vessels.
  • (6) The usefulness of the proposed method is obvious in cases where the composition of a precipitate on LM scale is to be compared with the LM appearance of the surrounding tissue.
  • (7) After precipitation of plasma proteins by addition of methanol the samples are injected directly into the liquid chromatographic system.
  • (8) Thus Sephadex chromatography of the solution obtained by dissolving the antigen-antibody precipitate in these media repeatedly gave two peaks corresponding to anti-ovalbumin and ovalbumin.
  • (9) When AMT administration was discontinued 40 hrs before precipitation of withdrawal the withdrawal pattern occurred with unchanged intensity.
  • (10) Using a simple precipitation technique we observed that the serum concentrations of low density lipoproteins in healthy Africans were less than half the serum concentrations in healthy Europeans.
  • (11) There was no correlation between anti-TNP-precipitating antibody titer after sensitization and the ability to respond to challenge by hapten-heterologous carrier.
  • (12) Precipitating antibodies were found in both lines; they first appeared 7 days after inoculation in P-line birds and 14 days after inoculation in N-line birds, but thereafter there was no difference between the two genetic lines.
  • (13) The new technique, Surface Immune Precipitation (SIP), entails the application of an antigen sample droplet directly onto the surface of a gel containing antibody, the gel being supported by a reflecting substrate.
  • (14) In this study we have compared purified C4A and C4B with regard to their ability to prevent immune complex precipitation and to enhance the binding of both preformed and nascent immune complexes to the receptor CR1 on red cells.
  • (15) A lesser inhibitory effect (a decrease in the rate of precipitation) was observed when gallbladder bile was diluted but was lost after 10-fold dilution.
  • (16) The first step is the preparation of a globulin-enriched fraction by precipitation with ammonium sulfate at 50% saturation, or of an immune-complex-enriched fraction by precipitation with 5% polyethylene glycol 6000.
  • (17) DNase I microspheres were then introduced into the extracorporeal circuit which resulted in an acceleration of degradation of acid precipitable 125I-nDNA.
  • (18) The dramatic nationwide increase of primary and secondary syphilis in women has precipitated a dramatic rise in congenital syphilis.
  • (19) The translation of mRNA for S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase was studied using a polyamine-depleted reticulocyte lysate supplemented with mRNA from rat prostate and the antiserum to precipitate the proteins corresponding to S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase.
  • (20) Only heart rate correlated closely with the precipitation of angina.