What's the difference between certain and certitude?
Certain
Definition:
(a.) Assured in mind; having no doubts; free from suspicions concerning.
(a.) Determined; resolved; -- used with an infinitive.
(a.) Not to be doubted or denied; established as a fact.
(a.) Actually existing; sure to happen; inevitable.
(a.) Unfailing; infallible.
(a.) Fixed or stated; regular; determinate.
(a.) Not specifically named; indeterminate; indefinite; one or some; -- sometimes used independenty as a noun, and meaning certain persons.
(n.) Certainty.
(n.) A certain number or quantity.
(adv.) Certainly.
Example Sentences:
(1) One hour after direct mechanical cardiomassage (DMCM) a moderately pronounced edema of the intercellular spaces in the basal compartment of the seminiferous epithelium, normal content of lactate and succinate dehydrogenases, and a certain decrease in the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenases and NAD- and NADP-diaphorases were noted.
(2) Work on humoral responses has focused on lysozyme, the hemagglutinins (especially in the oyster), and the clearance of certain antigens.
(3) Stress is laid on certain principles of diagnostic research in the event of extra-suprarenal pheochromocytomas.
(4) As a group, the three mammalian proteins resemble bovine serum conglutinin and behave as lectins with rather broad sugar specificities directed at certain non-reducing terminal N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, glucose and fucose residues, but with subtle differences in fine specificities.
(5) A segment of vas deferens was transplanted to the contralateral deferens with the intention of improving treatment for certain cases of infertility caused by obstruction.
(6) hypoglossal nucleus), whereas in other areas the angiotensinogen gene was expressed only in a certain population of glial cells.
(7) The following conclusions emerge: (i) when the 3' or the 3' penultimate base of the oligonucleotide mismatched an allele, no amplification product could be detected; (ii) when the mismatches were 3 and 4 bases from the 3' end of the primer, differential amplification was still observed, but only at certain concentrations of magnesium chloride; (iii) the mismatched allele can be detected in the presence of a 40-fold excess of the matched allele; (iv) primers as short as 13 nucleotides were effective; and (v) the specificity of the amplification could be overwhelmed by greatly increasing the concentration of target DNA.
(8) Certainly, Saunders did not land a single blow that threatened to stop his opponent, although he took quite a few himself that threatened his titles in the final few rounds.
(9) We present a mathematical model that is suitable to reconcile this apparent contradiction in the interpretation of the epidemiological data: the observed parallel time series for the spread of AIDS in groups with different risk of infection can be realized by computer simulation, if one assumes that the outbreak of full-blown AIDS only occurs if HIV and a certain infectious coagent (cofactor) CO are present.
(10) HDAra-C in combination with anthracyclines is now considered to be a treatment which may afford some hope of a cure in a certain percentage of cases of adult acute non-lymphocytic leukemia.
(11) These results suggest that a certain minimum level of expression of c-myc is required for the maintenance of ras transformation in NIH 3T3 cells.
(12) This "paradox of redistribution" was certainly observable in Britain, where Welfare retained its status as one of the 20th century's most exalted creations, even while those claiming benefits were treated with ever greater contempt.
(13) In certain cases, the effects of these substances are enhanced, in others, they are inhibited by compounds that were isolated from natural sources or prepared by chemical synthesis.
(14) Accumulating evidence indicates that for most tumors, the switch to the angiogenic phenotype depends upon the outcome of a balance between angiogenic stimulators and angiogenic inhibitors, both of which may be produced by tumor cells and perhaps by certain host cells.
(15) The findings indicate that these spaces were lined by a lipid monolayer which formed bilayered lamellae under certain conditions.
(16) Positive feedback effects on serum gonadotrophins in castrates were observed following injection of certain doses of some steroids.
(17) Hence, presence of IgG rheumatoid factor correlated positively with the presence of rheumatoid disease, and evidence was established that certain features of rheumatoid inflammation occur in dental periapical lesions of many patients with rheumatoid disease.
(18) The typology developed in two previous surveys of illicit heroin products is applicable to many of the samples studied in this work, although significant changes have occurred in the chemical profile of illicit heroin products from certain geographical regions.
(19) The presence of an inverse correlation between certain tryptophan metabolites, shown previously to be bladder carcinogens, and the N-nitrosamine content, especially after loading, was interpreted in view of the possible conversion of some tryptophan metabolites into N-nitrosamines either under endovesical conditions or during the execution of the colorimetric determination of these compounds.
(20) An electrogenic sodium-potassium pump appears to contribute materially to the steady-state potential and to certain of the transient potential responses of vascular smooth muscle.
Certitude
Definition:
(n.) Freedom from doubt; assurance; certainty.
Example Sentences:
(1) The changes are so typical that the manner and even the object of sucking can often be inferred from them with considerable certitude.
(2) Extension of previous studies adds to the ever-growing body of nursing knowledge and increases the certitude, casualty, and generalizability of such investigations.
(3) Moreover, certain arteries are not easily accessible and thus not always found or at least recognized with certitude.
(4) Certitude has taken this approach to support patients with mental ill health.
(5) Or at least the profound certitude of a fundamentalist cleric.
(6) A ham-fisted attempt to explain away the picture as a prank by hackers failed, as did a subsequent claim that he could not say with "certitude" that he was the man behind the bulge.
(7) The inflammatory reactions around the fungus give the certitude that it is a pathogen and not a contaminant.
(8) Scientist's norms (principally honesty, objectivity, tolerance, doubt of certitude, and unselfish engagement) are in danger of serious distortion unless broadened to apply to the relations between scientists and nonscientists.
(9) This technique makes it possible to obtain a bacteriological certitude in 31 cases (65 per cent): Pott's disease (40 per cent) and 12 pyogene spondylodiscites (25 per cent), with 17 punctures remaining negative, including 5 technical failures, the needle not penetrating into the pinched disc.
(10) The decision as to whether anticoagulant treatment should be instituted must be based on the certitude of the diagnosis, and this can be obtained in an atraumatic manner by ultrasonography of the popliteal fossa as shown by iconography.
(11) In two cases, this test was the only way that permits us to have certitude of candidosis ocular diagnosis.
(12) In the group with primary reflux, barium swallow tests and endoscopy were useful in confirming the diagnosis in patients with typical symptoms; routine biopsy, lower esophageal sphincter, manometry or an acid infusion test did not add to diagnostic certitude.
(13) In four cases out of six the histological test of the pleural fragment has rendered evident the presence of tubercular lymphoepithelioid nodulus with central necrosis, thus carrying the argument of certitude.
(14) Over the past 20 years, numerous investigators have implied or stated with increasing certitude that clonogenic assays are the most valid (or only valid) approach to predictive chemosensitivity testing.
(15) The influence of altitude can be demonstrated with certitude.
(16) Seeing as he was in reality monstrously wrong, this certitude had dire consequences.
(17) The definitive diagnosis of certitude can only be made by electron microscopy with the identification of various developmental stages of the parasites.
(18) We’re yet to be convinced that you could have a sufficient rules-base and certitude by alternative approaches.
(19) But Wilson cautioned against going after Rubio, who he said has a “natural talent, speed and certitude” that Bush simply lacks.
(20) Treatment is exclusively surgical and diagnosis is confirmed with certitude by histopathology only.