(v. t.) Impure carbon prepared from vegetable or animal substances; esp., coal made by charring wood in a kiln, retort, etc., from which air is excluded. It is used for fuel and in various mechanical, artistic, and chemical processes.
(v. t.) Finely prepared charcoal in small sticks, used as a drawing implement.
Example Sentences:
(1) Charcoal particles coated with the lipid extract were prepared and the suspension inoculated intravenously into mice.
(2) This phenomenon may be overcome by utilizing more dextran-coated charcoal in the extraction.
(3) After treatment of the old rats blood serum with activated charcoal the steroid-binding transcortin capacity and its affinity to hormone was increased and the negative cooperativity was not observed.
(4) Adriamycin (ADM) was absorbed onto fine particles of activated charcoal.
(5) Hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal (CAC) produces low removal rates due to the strong binding of bilirubin to albumin.
(6) The secretagogue activity was not extracted by charcoal, was sensitive to protease digestion and was present in a portion of nRTF with a molecular weight of greater than 10,000.
(7) Charcoal was added to the homogenization buffer in these experiments to prevent the artifactual activation of PKA by cAMP analogs trapped in the extracellular space.
(8) The quantitative and brain regional distribution of residual dexamethasone binding in cytosols pre-treated with dextran-coated charcoal (DCC) and 300 mM KCl was indistinguishable from that for tritiated aldosterone-Type I receptor complexes under the same conditions.
(9) An inexpensive, easy-to-use detector for measuring airborne 222Rn based on 222Rn diffusion and absorption in activated charcoal is presented.
(10) Polymethacrylate coated charcoal was inserted in the dialysis circuit before the dialyzer.
(11) The cytotoxicity of MS smoke was decreased with increasing smoke age (up to 8.7 s), smoke dilution, and the quantity of activated charcoal in filters.
(12) Early charcoal administration may be of value therefore in reducing the toxicity of mefenamic acid after deliberate or accidental overdosage.
(13) Also, cleanup by column chromatography on mixed adsorbents containing charcoal results in better recoveries than can be obtained on Florisil alone.
(14) OR counts in paraffin sections were compared with those of frozen sections and with cytosolic values determined by a dextran-coated charcoal method.
(15) We produce lung lacerations in 18 dogs ventilated with air containing charcoal powder.
(16) The other method uses a thermoluminescence dosemeter placed in the charcoal canister, giving an integrated value of the radon concentration.
(17) Because these contaminants have long column retention times in GLC, it may not be apparent that these contaminants are present and consequently are likely to have modified the sorbent characteristics of the activated charcoal.
(18) No changes in T3-charcoal uptake or serum T3 concentration occurred at any dose.
(19) Before and after treatment the following were recorded: subjective and objective nasal MCT time, using an original composition of vegetable charcoal powder and saccharin powder at 3%; nasal obstruction.
(20) Four methods for the detection of Trichomonas vaginalis in vaginal secretions from 88 symptomatic patients were compared: wet-mount examination, Kupferberg liquid medium, Hirsch charcoal agar, and the Papanicolaou smear.
Lignite
Definition:
(n.) Mineral coal retaining the texture of the wood from which it was formed, and burning with an empyreumatic odor. It is of more recent origin than the anthracite and bituminous coal of the proper coal series. Called also brown coal, wood coal.
Example Sentences:
(1) This in turn meant frantic investment in German coal and lignite – 10 new plants are said to be opening – and a surge in Polish coal output.
(2) "It will lock Kosovo into a future of dependency [on] lignite.
(3) The sulfuric acid in the fly ash of Montana lignite is neutralized by its high alkali content and produces no change in lung functions.
(4) While Germany continues to expand solar and wind power, the government’s decision to phase out nuclear energy means it must now rely heavily on the dirtiest form of coal, lignite, to generate electricity.
(5) Coals and lignites having typical concentrations of 238U emanate no more 222Rn than do comparable masses of typical soils.
(6) If we face fiscal difficulties from abroad in the medium term, then to burn more lignite instead of importing energy will seem a wise thing to do,” a Syriza source said.
(7) The fee would have forced operators to buy extra certificates for their emissions from the European Trading Scheme for CO2 emission allowances, thus making electricity from lignite less profitable.
(8) This can largely be attributed to an increase in the use of lignite for electricity production.
(9) To build one new lignite plant but replace two others which are of older technology and emit more pollution, could be seen in technical terms as an improvement,” Harris Konstantatos, a member of Syriza’s central committee, told the Guardian, from Athens.
(10) Greenpeace said that if Europe is to continue to play its part in keeping the world within the internationally accepted limit of 2C of warming, 90% of the carbon contained in its lignite reserves must remain buried.
(11) At the same time, electricity from lignite became cheaper due to another factor: As economies throughout Europe weakened due to the global financial crisis, companies reduced their production and thus had to buy fewer EU certificates for emitting CO2.
(12) Significantly greater (P less than 0.05) depression (coinhibition) of viral interferon induction (greater than 83%) resulted when bioactivated B[a]P was incorporated with coal particles representative of coal rank (anthracite, bituminous, lignite, peat).
(13) One way or another Greek lignite will be exploited.” Syriza is also keeping cards close to its chest on the issue of an east Mediterranean gas pipeline to alleviate Europe’s energy security concerns, with gas from Cyprus and Israel.
(14) New coal power stations designed to burn Europe’s massive deposits of lignite pose a serious threat to the continent’s decarbonisation efforts, according to figures released on Wednesday.
(15) The emanation of 222Rn from several coal samples (including lignites) was measured as a function of particle size and water content.
(16) Gerben-Jan Gerbrandy, a Dutch Liberal MEP on the environment committee, said: “Lignite [coal] has no future and should not be stimulated in any way.
(17) Greece’s intention of using public funds to revive its lignite-based model should not be allowed.
(18) The facility, which burns the most polluting lignite "brown" coal from its own mine next door, is earmarked for a full carbon capture and storage prototype, but only by 2015 at the earliest.
(19) In steam generators fired with lignite which contains less than 0.1 per cent of chloride, the concentration of chlorine compounds emitted will range from 5 to 80 mg m-3, and of chlorohydrogen from 1-75 mg m-3.
(20) Both farms are sited in a mining area (intensive lignite extraction).