(a.) Pertaining to chemistry; characterized or produced by the forces and operations of chemistry; employed in the processes of chemistry; as, chemical changes; chemical combinations.
(n.) A substance used for producing a chemical effect; a reagent.
Example Sentences:
(1) Brain and ganglia of embryonic Periplaneta americana were grown for 2 to 3 weeks in a chemically defined medium.
(2) Stimulation of human leukocytes with various chemical mediators such as TPA, f-Met-Leu-Phe, LTB4, etc.
(3) This suggested that the chemical effects produced by shock waves were either absent or attenuated in the cells, or were inherently less toxic than those of ionizing irradiation.
(4) At 36 h postsurgery, RBCs were examined by 23Na-NMR by using dysprosium tripolyphosphate as a chemical shift reagent.
(5) The absorption of ingested Pb is modified by its chemical and physical form, by interaction with dietary minerals and lipids and by the nutritional status of the individual.
(6) Changes in cardiac adenosine triphosphate (ATP), phosphocreatine (PCr) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) were followed and intracellular pH (pHi) was estimated from the chemical shift of Pi.
(7) Maximal aberration yields were observed for 2,4-diaminotoluene, 2,6-diaminotoluene and cytosine beta-D-arabinofuranoside from 17 to 21 h, eugenol from 15 to 21 h, cadmium sulfate from 15 to 24 h and 2-aminobiphenyl, from 17 to 24 h. For adriamycin at 1 microM, the % aberrant cells remained elevated throughout the period from 9 to 29 h, while small increases at 0.1 microM ADR were found only at 13 and at 25 h. For most chemicals the maximal aberration yield occurred at a different time for each concentration tested.
(8) 2.39pm BST The European Union called for a "thorough and immediate" investigation of the alleged chemical attack.
(9) "With hyperspectral imaging, you can tell the chemical content of a cake just by taking a photo of it.
(10) The deactivated columns had the residual silanols on the silica gel chemically inactivated to reduce the interaction with basic groups or analytes.
(11) A sperm whale myoglobin gene containing multiple unique restriction sites has been constructed in pUC 18 by sequential assembly of chemically synthesized oligonucleotide fragments.
(12) On the basis of obtained data on the uniformity of chemical compounds of the secretion of glands belonging to different groups their common origin has been suggested.
(13) In spite of important differences in size, chemical composition, polymer density, and configuration, biological macromolecules indeed manifest some of the essential physical-chemical properties of gels.
(14) In contrast sham-hemodialysis in group CA and group PS, respectively, did not result in significant increases in amino acid efflux from the leg implying that the protein catabolic effect of blood membrane contact depends on the chemical properties of dialysis membranes.
(15) We investigated this suppression quantitatively, using a chemical assay for cell-bound and dissolved capsular polysaccharide.
(16) We previously established that the binding constant (Ka) of this receptor site for the chemically synthesized model AGE, 2-(2-furoyl)-4(5)-(2-furanyl)-1H- imidazole-butyric acid (FFI-BA), on cells of the mouse macrophagelike cell line RAW 264.7 is identical to that for AGE proteins.
(17) They included lectins such as wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), concanavalin A and phytohemagglutinin, and a chemical cross-linker, glutaraldehyde, in addition to anti-IL-2R monoclonal antibodies, HIEI and H-47.
(18) The reduction of such potentials can be explained in terms of collision between the antidromic volleys and those elicited orthodromically by chemical and thermic stimulation.
(19) In certain cases, the effects of these substances are enhanced, in others, they are inhibited by compounds that were isolated from natural sources or prepared by chemical synthesis.
(20) The use of gaseous insecticides in the chemical control of T. infestans is discussed.
Hardener
Definition:
(n.) One who, or that which, hardens; specif., one who tempers tools.
Example Sentences:
(1) Osmotically treated red cells, red cells partially hardened with increasing glutaraldehyde concentrations, and mixtures of normal and hardened red cells were used to test the method.
(2) "But if public opposition to further austerity measures hardens, the Greek government could find it even tougher to put the public finances back on a sustainable footing."
(3) It's not as if they were once tolerant and have hardened their hearts as they've grown older.
(4) Insertion of an adequate approximate amalgam filling and its finish after hardening is one of the basic preventive measures in marginal periodontopathies.
(5) Hardened skin was markedly altered physiologically.
(6) A comparison was made of the kinetics of the carboxylation reaction of bicarbonate-magnesium-activated ribulose biphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase purified from cold-hardened and unhardened winter rye (Secale cereale L. cv.
(7) Rarely has there been a potential presidential candidate so battle-hardened and ready for combat.
(8) With its huge corps of jihadists hardened by years of fighting in Kashmir, it is arguably too big to confront at a time when Pakistan is battling the TTP.
(9) However, several systematic errors of the method have to be considered, such as the influence of fat present in the spongiosa in varying concentrations as well as beam hardening effects and different calibration methods.
(10) It is the sort of malevolent onslaught that has caused many hardened media pundits to quake.
(11) Values of elongation were more than 10% even after hardening heat treatment.
(12) It’s not an entirely controversy-free choice, considering that Harden hasn’t been a starter for more than two seasons, doesn’t have the best track record as far as being a team player goes and at times has been bad enough on defense that you could make an entire YouTube playlist devoted entirely to clips of him failing to make any defensive effort whatsoever.
(13) Compared to conventional CT, the new system should significantly improve contrast resolution of the image and provide better image quantification because of its lack of beam-hardening effects and its efficient implementation of energy-selective imaging methods such as dual-photon absorptiometry and K-edge subtraction with high-atomic-number (high-Z) contrast-enhancement elements.
(14) An earlier debt sustainability analysis was leaked in the days leading up to the Greek referendum and helped harden opposition to the (less draconian) terms then on offer.
(15) He also signalled a change in policy on welfare, hardening Labour’s opposition to the government’s welfare reforms, by pledging to oppose the cap on the total amount of benefits that a person can receive.
(16) The effects of DMSO and cooling on fertilization are likely to be due to zona hardening by cortical granule release and to disorganization of the egg cytoskeleton and plasma membrane.
(17) When present during the egg activation process monodansylcadaverine (MDC-a fluorescent lysine analog) inhibits eggshell hardening and at the same time becomes covalently incorporated into the eggshell.
(18) In rigor control, crossbridges were most regular in muscles that were stabilized before freezing by prefixation in glutaraldehyde followed by 'hardening' with neutralized tannic acid, so all nucleotide treatments were terminated by such fixation.
(19) It main advantage lies in the screening of arterial diseases (very reproductable and sensitive), monitoring of the treatment (unrelated to the operator), study of hardened arteries (diabetes).
(20) Evidence from several sources indicate that the catalytic action of the peroxidase is responsible for hardening the FE through the phenolic coupling of tyrosyl residues of the FE proteins.