(n.) That branch of science which treats of the composition of substances, and of the changes which they undergo in consequence of alterations in the constitution of the molecules, which depend upon variations of the number, kind, or mode of arrangement, of the constituent atoms. These atoms are not assumed to be indivisible, but merely the finest grade of subdivision hitherto attained. Chemistry deals with the changes in the composition and constitution of molecules. See Atom, Molecule.
(n.) An application of chemical theory and method to the consideration of some particular subject; as, the chemistry of iron; the chemistry of indigo.
(n.) A treatise on chemistry.
Example Sentences:
(1) It may be due to relative nonreactivity of ascorbic acid free radical that free radical chain reactions, found commonly in radical chemistry, do not occur in the scavenging reaction by ascorbic acid.
(2) We have determined by protein chemistry methods the amino acid sequence of light chain 2 from Acanthamoeba castellanii myosin-II (ALC2).
(3) Reduced mineral absorption is fairly well documented and has sound theoretical support from basic chemistry.
(4) The chemistry involved reaction rate constant measurements of MSF hydrolysis and for reactions with phenolic, amine, oxime, hydroxamic acid, phenyl N-hydroxycarbamate, and hydroxylamine compounds and cupric imidazole and bipyridyl complexes.
(5) We support the view that catalysis by metalloenzymes may be a reflection of the chemistry of the metal ion itself as a Lewis acid, and that perhaps too much emphasis has been placed on supposed special characteristics (such as strains, "entasis") of the enzyme-metal ion association.
(6) Ion cyclotron resonance spectroscopy yields information on many aspects of ion-molecule chemistry.
(7) --The frequency of common clinical manifestations (eg, headache, fever, and rash) and laboratory findings (eg, leukocyte and platelet counts and serum chemistry abnormalities) of patients with infectious diseases was tabulated.
(8) The reason we have postulated that one-electron oxidation plays an important role in the activation of PAH derives from certain common characteristics of the radical cation chemistry of the most potent carcinogenic PAH.
(9) The fact that sulfinate salts show activity, both ip and po, suggests that the -SO2Na moiety deserves more attention in medicinal chemistry.
(10) Overall adverse reactions were more frequent with the high dose group especially with respect to blood chemistry and gastrointestinal reactions.
(11) There were no significant effects on the haematology, serum chemistry and urinalysis and no compound-related effects on survival.
(12) In a report published online by the journal Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics , experts from Europe and the US estimated that the quantity of the radioactive isotope caesium-137 released at the height of the crisis was equivalent to 42% of that from Chernobyl.
(13) Physiological chemistry stayed a part of physiology until 1939 when the Institute of Physiological Chemistry was finally founded.
(14) Organosilicon chemistry is easily understood because a few generalizations allow us to compare it with the chemistry of carbon, hydrogen and the metals.
(15) Unfortunately, few reflections concern the definition of this criterion, which often is little discussed in the other divisions of the pure and applied chemistry.
(16) Research Institute of Endocrinology and Hormone Chemistry, Khar'kov It was shown that realization of a neoplastic process in the breast is determined, in particular, by the chemical structure of agents employed and their dosage.
(17) There was no change in blood counts or serum chemistry values.
(18) Preoperatively, blood chemistry studies were done in addition to palpation of the abdomen.
(19) Hematologic and clinical chemistry values were similar for all groups.
(20) The TN of some fishes and mammals contains neurons immunoreactive (ir) to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (LHRH), and to several other neuropeptides and neurotransmitter systems, but there is little information on TN chemistry in other vertebrate taxa.
Kinetics
Definition:
(n.) See Dynamics.
Example Sentences:
(1) Theophylline kinetics, as an in vivo probe for the potentially toxic cytochrome P-450I pathway of drug metabolism, were studied in 11 healthy volunteers and 11 patients with calcific chronic pancreatitis at Madras, South India.
(2) The testing of other models and their failure to describe the kinetic observations are discussed.
(3) To clarify the functional roles of His40, Glu58, and His92, we analyzed the consequences of several amino acid substitutions (His40Ala, His40Lys, His40Asp, Glu58Ala, Glu58Gln, and His92Gln) on the kinetics of GpC transesterification.
(4) Rise time and fall time constants have been quantified for describing kinetics of response.
(5) The enzyme, when assayed as either a phospholipase A2 or lysophospholipase, exhibited nonlinear kinetics beyond 1-2 min despite low substrate conversion.
(6) 1 The effects of chronic ethanol intake on the elimination kinetics of antipyrine were determined in nineteen male alcoholic subjects with comparison made to fourteen male volunteers.
(7) The addition of a cerebral blood volume (CBV) compartment in the [18F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) model produces estimates of local CBV simultaneously with glucose metabolic rates when kinetic FDG studies are performed.
(8) Stability of kinetic constants for a long period of time is demonstrated.
(9) Kinetic analysis showed that the activators did not affect the Km for glycogen synthase D, for either enzyme.
(10) The kinetics of endocytosis and recycling of the wild-type and mutant receptors were compared.
(11) The kinetic parameters for the hydrolysis of type I, II and III collagens have been measured and are similar in magnitude to those for the tissue collagenases.
(12) Equilibrium and kinetic studies of the interaction of gene 32 protein of T4 phage with single-stranded fd DNA were performed monitoring the changes in protein fluorescence.
(13) The influence of vestibular dysfunction upon the vestibulospinal reflex (VSR) in two common peripheral syndromes was investigated by two types of posturographic examination: "static" posturography, recording and analyzing the postural sway in stance, and "kinetic" posturography, recording the stepping in place test.
(14) Analysis of enzyme kinetic properties revealed a Km of 0.7 mM for CO and of 65 microM for methyl viologen.
(15) The kinetic properties of the cell-free extracts fit mathematical models developed for in vitro systems reconstituted from purified enzymes.
(16) Kinetics of the insulin effect on MeAIB uptake were characterized by an increased Vmax.
(17) Typical kinetics of local anaesthetics are presented for various methods of regional anaesthesia informing the anaesthetist on corresponding plasma concentrations if the recommended maximum doses are exceeded and thus he gets useful information for his daily work.
(18) In this study, protein efficiency ratio and net protein utilization together with the kinetic estimates of protein turnover were used to compare the effect of different protein and fat sources in healthy rats.
(19) The kinetics of bimolecular decay of alpha-tocopheroxyl free radicals (T) was studied by ESR mainly in ethanol and heptanol solvents.
(20) The kinetics of the luminescent signal with the different luciferin esters varied significantly, indicating possible differences in the rates of uptake, breakdown and enzyme inhibition.