(n.) A distinct girdle or band of color; a raised spiral line as seen on certain univalve shells.
(n.) The clitellus of earthworms.
(n.) The base of the crown of a tooth.
Example Sentences:
(1) Two-dimensional photoelastic analysis of resin-bonded cingulum rest seats demonstrated improvement in stress distribution when the lingual surface of the tooth was prepared with a cingulum groove.
(2) Injection of lidocaine into the anterior cingulum bundle produced a significant reduction in formalin pain scores, but had no effect on foot-flick latencies.
(3) The ventral portion of the cingulum (ligamenta pubourethralia posteriora and ligamentum pubourethrale intermedium) is especially important, as it provides an anchor of the vesical cervix as a mark of continence.
(4) The lesions are characteristically localized in the "centro-axial" regions of the brain involving most frequently: corpus callosum, septum pellucidum, fornix, tela chorioidea, peri- and para-ventricular zone, infundibulobasal region and cingulum; this pattern also includes lesions of the hippocampal area, upper brainstem, pontocerebellar complex, and parasagittal areas of the cerebrum.
(5) The data indicated that the control-lesion and cingulum groups did not differ in the acquisition or extinction of an AAR.
(6) The prefrontal, cingulate, and parahippocampal (entorhinal) cortex, as well as the perforant pathway, cingulum bundle, and hippocampus, were closely examined because these regions have recently been found to show various neuropathological differences in schizophrenia.
(7) From a functional anatomic standpoint every precise surgical technique for incontinence must take the cingulum vesicae and the adjacent structures into consideration.
(8) Locus coeruleus (LC) fibers in the fornix mainly innervate the septal pole of the dentate gyrus, whereas the cingulum projects to the ventral hippocampal formation to provide LC input to the dentate gyrus.
(9) Furthermore, these findings suggest that the cingulum is involved in the affective component of pain and that interruption of cingulum activity with lidocaine can produce analgesia.
(10) A cannula was stereotaxically implanted into the anterior cingulum on one side in anesthetized rats.
(11) nov. is distinguished by its larger size and differences of molar cusp acuity, buccal cingulum expression, and mental foramen configuration.
(12) In parallel with this decrease, numerous 5-HT-IR fibers in the cingulum bundle, fornix-fimbria and the hippocampal parenchyma exhibit structural changes, similar to those produced by 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine, a specific neurotoxin of the 5-HT system.
(13) Dense connective tissue forms a permanent link, adjacent to the cingulum vesicae, between the bladder on the one hand and the lateral pelvic wall and anterior surface of the uterus on the other; in this way the bladder is held in the pelvis at a particular point.
(14) They were treated by lesions in the anterior cingulum.
(15) The fascia endopelvina, extending into the bladder along the entire circumference between the corpus and fundus vesicae, represents the cingulum vesicae.
(16) Seven to 10 days after surgery, the rats were infused with 1 microliter of 2% lidocaine in saline or saline alone into the anterior cingulum bundle immediately prior to testing for analgesia in the formalin or foot-flick test.
(17) Evoked potentials (EPs) and neuronal responses of the medial (MPO) and lateral (LPO) preoptic region (RPO) and adjacent areas of the hypothalamus to stimulation of the prefrontal (area 8), cingulum (area 24), periamigdaloideus (RPA) cortex and hippocampus (area CA3) have been studied on cats anesthetized with ketamine.
(18) Neuroanatomical evidence suggests a separate role for the anterior and posterior cingulum.
(19) By 7 d of postnatal age all the vimentin+ cells were GFAP+ and had converged predominately on the cingulum.
(20) The cingulum group, however, showed a significant deficit in the acquisition of a PAR and a noticeably slower rate of lever pulling during avoidance trials in the combined avoidance training sessions.
Girdle
Definition:
(n.) A griddle.
(n.) That which girds, encircles, or incloses; a circumference; a belt; esp., a belt, sash, or article of dress encircling the body usually at the waist; a cestus.
(n.) The zodiac; also, the equator.
(n.) The line ofgreatest circumference of a brilliant-cut diamond, at which it is grasped by the setting. See Illust. of Brilliant.
(n.) A thin bed or stratum of stone.
(n.) The clitellus of an earthworm.
(v. t.) To bind with a belt or sash; to gird.
(v. t.) To inclose; to environ; to shut in.
(v. t.) To make a cut or gnaw a groove around (a tree, etc.) through the bark and alburnum, thus killing it.
Example Sentences:
(1) In April 1986, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the thorax and shoulder girdle was presented to the 99th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Anatomists.
(2) In severely impaired limbs, there was a marked shift in both the peak EMG angle and the angular domain of EMG activity for both biceps and triceps muscle groups, away from the normal elbow flexion-extension axis towards external humeral rotation and shoulder girdle elevation.
(3) Two cases of Tikhor-Linberg resection for rhabdomyosarcoma and malignant chondromyxoid fibroma and two cases of scapulectomy for metastatic disease of the shoulder girdle are reviewed.
(4) Weakness and amyotrophy of shoulder girdle were noticed.
(5) It is stated that the clavicle contributes significantly to the stability of the shoulder girdle, and that in man the presence of this bone represents an increase in the degree of freedom of the upper extremity mobility pattern, dependent on the transversal shape of the thoracic diameter.
(6) (2) It is suggested that the boundaries of the bipolar limb system lie in the girdle skeleton and at the distal end of the limb, respectively, and that it is the apical epidermis of the growing or regenerating limb which defines the distal boundary conditions.
(7) The author investigated postural change of respiratory function in 12 patients with myotonic dystrophy (MYD), and 7 patients with limb-girdle dystrophy (LG) and overnight polysomnography was performed on 10 patients with MYD and 5 patients with LG.
(8) There thus exists a passive control, of ligamentous origin, of movements of the shoulder-girdle.
(9) Repetition strain injury of the supraspinatus muscle is not an isolated event, but rather a form of microtrauma that affects the entire shoulder girdle.
(10) This procedure is manifested in the region of system-immanent weak spots of the positional and locomotor system and, in the pelvic girdle region by tipping of the pelvis in ventral direction, with consecutive evasive shifts of the vertebral column and extremities.
(11) The girdle epidermis of adult Mopalia muscosa secretes several types of structures, including calcareous spicules and innervated hairs.
(12) Unstained fibers were observed in mitochondrial myopathies, in Becker, Emery-Dreifuss, limb-girdle, facio-scapulo-humeral muscular dystrophies, muscle infarction, polymyositis, motor neuron diseases and neuropathies.
(13) Thirteen were located within or between muscles of the limbs, limb girdles, and head and neck.
(14) In the remaining two patients, one with limb girdle dystrophy and the other with dystrophia myotonica, cardiomyopathy was present in addition to the conduction disturbance.
(15) Although fractures of the humerus, scapula, and clavicle are common throughout life, most problems encountered between the ages of 15 and 60 are related to the ligaments, tendons, and muscles of the shoulder girdle.
(16) In 95 fresh and fixed anatomical preparations, peculiarities of topographic-anatomical relations and morphometric indices of magistral arteries and their large branches have been studied in the pelvic girdle and a free hind extremity in mongrel dogs according to the type of their habitus.
(17) Other unusual features included the absence of muscle cramps at any stage, asymmetrical wasting of the shoulder girdle muscles and calf hypertrophy.
(18) This phenomenon was observed, though to a lower degree, in limb-girdle muscular dystrophy.
(19) Downward migration of shoulder girdle and muscle variations are analyzed.
(20) His symptoms consisted principally of parasthesias and proximal weakness of both upper and lower extremities with atrophy of the shoulder and pelvic girdles.