What's the difference between collaboration and contribution?

Collaboration


Definition:

  • (n.) The act of working together; united labor.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) This "gender identity movement" has brought together such unlikely collaborators as surgeons, endocrinologists, psychologists, psychiatrists, gynecologists, and research specialists into a mutually rewarding arena.
  • (2) The safe motherhood initiative demands an intersectoral, collaborative approach to gynecology, family planning, and child health in which midwifery is the key element.
  • (3) Based on the results of the Community AIM Exploratory Action, further collaborative work is required at EEC level to create an Integrated Health Information Environment (IHE) allowing essentially for integration, modularity and security.
  • (4) Since 1987 consultation-liaison (C-L) psychiatrists in Europe have decided to develop a closer collaboration to stimulate the development of the C-L field.
  • (5) UPDATE II [Tues.] Two other items that may be of interest: first, Guardian editor-in-chief Alan Rusbridger was the guest for the full hour yesterday on Democracy Now, discussing the paper's role in reporting the NSA stories, and the video and transcript of the interview are here ; second, marking our collaboration on a series of articles about spying on Indians, the Hindu has a long interview with me on a variety of related topics, here .
  • (6) "Thousands of scientists and officials from over 100 countries have collaborated to achieve greater certainty as to the scale of the warming," the panel said.
  • (7) They’ve already collaborated with folks like DOOM, Ghostface Killah and Frank Ocean; I was lucky enough to hear a sneak peek of their incredible collaboration with Future Islands’ Sam Herring from their forthcoming album.
  • (8) It is argued that the provision of accurate and useful probabilistic assessments of future events should be a fundamental task for biostatisticians collaborating in clinical or experimental medicine, and we explore two aspects of obtaining and evaluating such predictions.
  • (9) Thus, monocytes may play a dual role, not only as effector cells, but also as cells that collaborate with T cells after OKT3 MoAb stimulation so as to produce PCA.
  • (10) In April, a Cochrane Collaboration review suggested that oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is not a clinically effective treatment for influenza .
  • (11) This cell population gives rise initially to oligodendrocytes and then to type-2 astrocytes, both of which apparently collaborate in sheathing axons in the CNS.
  • (12) Collaborations of epidemiologists and experimental scientists.
  • (13) Nurses are an indispensable part of these urban health teams and, if they are not already, should start now to become involved in urban policymaking and planning and consider how their national nurses' association can individually or collaboratively support healthy city projects and national healthy city networks.
  • (14) It is indispensable to establish a close cooperation between the public health authorities and the private physician, and we therefore wish to sincerely thank all colleagues and Public Health Officers for their collaboration.
  • (15) The collaborative approach focused on rewards of behavioral change and minimized attention to prevention of negative behaviors, while openly valuing input from the women who are potential health promoters in their own communities.
  • (16) Recommendations are made for continued international collaboration in this field and "Criteria on the Role of the Individual and the Community in the Research, Development, and Use of Biologicals" are formulated.
  • (17) The accuracy of procedures for sizing hypervariable restriction fragments by Southern blot analysis (SBA) has been tested under three different experimental conditions: (i) intrablot serial analyses: three heterozygous DNA profiles were tested 14 times each in the same gel electrophoresis; (ii) intralaboratory analyses: we replicated three profiles (six autoradiographic bands) in over 100 SBA experiments; (iii) interlaboratory analyses: 15 serial measurements produced in a recent collaborative study (Forensic Sci.
  • (18) The fiery energy she radiated on stage and her motormouth, ragga-influenced raps brought her to the attention of So Solid Crew, who invited her to collaborate.
  • (19) Present model pathogenicity systems require standardization, estimation of specificity and sensitivity limits, examination by collaborative study, and ascertainment of human equivalence.
  • (20) She lives in Brooklyn, where she is currently an MFA candidate at Pratt Institute, co-host of SHIRLEY and a member of the Belladonna* Collaborative.

Contribution


Definition:

  • (n.) The act of contributing.
  • (n.) That which is contributed; -- either the portion which an individual furnishes to the common stock, or the whole which is formed by the gifts of individuals.
  • (n.) An irregular and arbitrary imposition or tax leved on the people of a town or country.
  • (n.) Payment, by each of several jointly liable, of a share in a loss suffered or an amount paid by one of their number for the common benefit.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The results indicated that neuropsychological measures may serve to broaden the concept of intelligence and that a brain-related criterion may contribute to a fuller understanding of its nature.
  • (2) CT appears to yield important diagnostic contribution to preoperative staging.
  • (3) In contrast, resting cells of strain CHA750 produced five times less IAA in a buffer (pH 6.0) containing 1 mM-L-tryptophan than did resting cells of the wild-type, illustrating the major contribution of TSO to IAA synthesis under these conditions.
  • (4) Clinical surveillance, repeated laboratory tests, conventional radiology, and especially ultrasonography and CT scan all contributed to the preoperative diagnosis.
  • (5) Use of the improved operative technique contributed to reduction in number of complications.
  • (6) Thus adrenaline, via pre- and post-junctional adrenoceptors, may contribute to enhanced vascular smooth muscle contraction, which most likely is sensitized by the elevated intracellular calcium concentration.
  • (7) Together these observations suggest that cytotactin is an endogenous cell surface modulatory protein and provide a possible mechanism whereby cytotactin may contribute to pattern formation during development, regeneration, tumorigenesis, and wound healing.
  • (8) Time-series analysis and multiple-regression modeling procedures were used to characterize changes in the overall incidence rate over the study period and to describe the contribution of additional measures to the dynamics of the incidence rates.
  • (9) They suggest that an endogenous retinoid could contribute to positional information in the early Xenopus embryo.
  • (10) The 36-year-old teacher at an inner-city London primary school earns £40,000 a year and contributes £216 a month to her pension.
  • (11) The dangers caused by PM10s was highlighted in the Rogers review of local authority regulatory services, published in 2007, which said poor air quality contributed to between 12,000 and 24,000 premature deaths each year.
  • (12) The diseases of airways had the highest contribution to the coefficient of morbidity.
  • (13) Each patient contributed only once to each phase (105 in phase 1, 107 in phase 2), but some entered both phases on separate occasions.
  • (14) Although the relative contributions of different fuels varies greatly in different organisms, in none is there a simple reliance on stored ATP.
  • (15) It was concluded that the spheno-occipital complex has a close relationship to the skeletal facial pattern and contributes to the facial formation.
  • (16) We conclude that both exogenously applied PAF by inhalation and antigen exposure are capable of inducing LAR in sensitized guinea pigs, and thus the priming effect of immunization and PAF may contribute to the development of LAR observed in asthma.
  • (17) We investigated the possible contribution made by oropharyngeal microfloral fermentation of ingested carbohydrate to the generation of the early, transient exhaled breath hydrogen rise seen after carbohydrate ingestion.
  • (18) In addition, recent studies have not confirmed previous observations that diuretic-induced hypokalaemia increases ventricular ectopy or contributes to sudden death.
  • (19) "We have peace in Sierra Leone now, and Tony Blair made a huge contribution to that," said Warrant Officer Abu Bakerr Kamara.
  • (20) This article, a review of factors controlling vasopressin (AVP) release in pregnancy, extends our contribution to a symposium in this journal published in 1987 (vol X, pp 270-275).