What's the difference between concurrent and supernumerary?

Concurrent


Definition:

  • (a.) Acting in conjunction; agreeing in the same act or opinion; contributing to the same event or effect; cooperating.
  • (a.) Conjoined; associate; concomitant; existing or happening at the same time.
  • (a.) Joint and equal in authority; taking cognizance of similar questions; operating on the same objects; as, the concurrent jurisdiction of courts.
  • (a.) Meeting in one point.
  • (n.) One who, or that which, concurs; a joint or contributory cause.
  • (n.) One pursuing the same course, or seeking the same objects; hence, a rival; an opponent.
  • (n.) One of the supernumerary days of the year over fifty-two complete weeks; -- so called because they concur with the solar cycle, the course of which they follow.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) We have previously shown that serotonin is present in secretory granules of frog adrenochromaffin cells; concurrently, we have demonstrated that serotonin is a potent stimulator of corticosterone and aldosterone secretion by adrenocortical cells.
  • (2) The highest rate of discontinuation occurred when method choice was denied in the presence of husband-wife agreement on method choice, and the lowest rate occurred when method choice was granted in the presence of such concurrence.
  • (3) Focusing on two prospective payment systems that operated concurrently in New Jersey, this study employs the hospital department as the unit of analysis and compares the effects of the all-payer DRG system with those of the SHARE program on hospitals.
  • (4) Although each of palate and limb is concurrently susceptible to epigenetic regulation, their differential intrinsic genomic capabilities appear to have been uncoupled.
  • (5) Addition in the cultures of 4-deoxypyridoxine, a potent antagonist of vitamin B6 coenzymes, concurrently with the mitogen, inhibits the induction of serine hydroxymethyltransferase.
  • (6) Both demonstrated concurrent validity and feasibility.
  • (7) In the first experiment ovariectomized female hamsters were administered varying dosages of progesterone (P), dihydrotestosterone (DHT) or CI-628 at the same time (concurrently) as estrogen (EB) or 48 hr after EB (sequentially).
  • (8) It is clear that before general release of a new living feline infectious enteritis vaccine, there must be satisfactory evidence that concurrent infection will not affect the safety of the modified antigen.In cats infected with feline infectious enteritis there appears to be a short period, coinciding with the onset of leucopaenia, during which they are highly infectious.
  • (9) Concurrent with this change in the level of enforcement of RBT was an extensive publicity campaign, which warned drinking drivers of their increased risk of detection by RBT units.
  • (10) In the present work, we measured the inactivation of methionine synthase and the concurrent homocysteine export rate of two murine and four human cell lines during nitrous oxide exposure.
  • (11) This indicates a potential use for 1,25(OH)2D3 to prevent and treat hypocalcaemic cows with or without concurrent hypomagnesaemia.
  • (12) This preliminary study estimates the occurrence of concurrent helminth infection in Africa and Brazil to determine whether such an approach is justified epidemiologically.
  • (13) Rats were divided into four groups: drug naive controls; HAL-treated for 6 months; AMPH-treated for 1 month; and rats administered both continuous HAL for 6 months and concurrent AMPH treatment during the 2nd month of HAL administration.
  • (14) Inhibition of RNA synthesis by MTX was prevented by concurrent administration of HX.
  • (15) However, MPA did not enhance survival when given concurrently with radiotherapy; indeed, at the higher of these two doses, median survival of tumor-bearers was slightly less than with radiotherapy alone.
  • (16) A more specific differentiation, as indicated by the sharp increase in GAD levels which was concurrent with an increase in interneuronal contacts, lagged behind the initial growth.
  • (17) Concurrently, stereology was applied to quantitate: (1) the density of RNA labelling, and (2) changes in the size of the nucleus and nucleolus in response to estrogen treatment.
  • (18) It is concluded that there is no pharmacokinetic indiction for withholding OCs from women with early active schistosomiasis who are concurrently receiving antischistosmal drugs.
  • (19) The immunologic technique compared favorably with the autoradiographic methods performed concurrently on the same cultures.
  • (20) Enzyme levels in strains with concurrent mutations in both regulatory genes are considerably higher than the sum of the levels in strains with a cytR or a deoR mutation alone, indicating a certain co-operativity between the two repressor proteins.

Supernumerary


Definition:

  • (a.) Exceeding the number stated or prescribed; as, a supernumerary officer in a regiment.
  • (a.) Exceeding a necessary, usual, or required number or quality; superfluous; as, supernumerary addresses; supernumerary expense.
  • (n.) A person or thing beyond the number stated.
  • (n.) A person or thing beyond what is necessary or usual; especially, a person employed not for regular service, but only to fill the place of another in case of need; specifically, in theaters, a person who is not a regular actor, but is employed to appear in a stage spectacle.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Based on the findings of our recent longitudinal study on the abnormalities of the dentition in cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD), a hypothesis has been proposed, which makes it possible to predict time of onset of formation of supernumerary teeth and their location in the jaws.
  • (2) In the remaining patients congenital and acquired osseous alterations, supernumerary scalene muscle, congenital fibrous bands were the etiologic factors.
  • (3) Examples include the specific pattern of hypodontia seen before the development of iris dysplasia in Rieger syndrome, and the presence of supernumerary teeth and facial osteomas preceding malignant transformation of intestinal polyps in Gardner syndrome.
  • (4) Osteopetrosis is diffuse and is associated with important metaphyseal widening as well as epiphyseal irregularities and often carpal and tarsal supernumerary bones.
  • (5) Thirty four individuals showed the standard karyotype 2K = 26M + 10A + (M)X + (A)Y + Bs (2n = 38 + Bs), where Bs are supernumerary chromosomes.
  • (6) The purpose of the present investigation was to describe the formation, maturation and eruption of the dentition, including supernumerary teeth in a sample of patients with cleidocranial dysplasia.
  • (7) Brilliantly fluorescent supernumerary chromocenters indistinguishable from the Y-chromatin have been often found electively in the thyroid nuclei.
  • (8) For differential diagnosis rudimentary supernumerary digit, cutaneous horn and granuloma pyogenicum are to be considered.
  • (9) They review the different symptoms, varietes and frequencies of supernumerary hepatic lobes.
  • (10) Supernumerary teeth were formed lingually and occlusally to the normal teeth.
  • (11) Previous studies have indicated that pregnant animals treated acutely with toxic levels of a variety of pharmacologically unrelated chemicals produced litters without a recognizable syndrome of defects, except for an increased incidence of supernumerary ribs (SNR).
  • (12) In 6 patients with proved supernumerary glands, total ischemia of the graft was not followed by significant changes in intact PTH.
  • (13) Only children who had both supernumerary teeth and congenitally missing teeth outside the area of the cleft alveolus were included.
  • (14) These are characterized by: (I) hyperdiploid karyotypes including one or more supernumerary ring chromosomes (5 cases); (II) diploid karyotypes with mostly balanced rearrangements involving 12q13-14 (13 cases), including the rearrangement t(3;12) (q27-28;q13-14) in 4 cases; (III) hypodiploid or diploid karyotypes with other aberrations than ring chromosomes or rearrangements of 12q13-14 (8 cases); and (IV) normal karyotypes (9 cases).
  • (15) Therefore, both types of voltage-dependence for sperm entry are present in oocytes, although the depolarization caused by a single sperm is not large enough to permit its entry, nor is the depolarization caused by many sperm sufficient to prevent the entry of supernumerary sperm.
  • (16) These results demonstrate that in the immature rat more than 50% of PCs are each innervated by at least two distinct CFs; later on, the disappearance of the supernumerary synapses between CF and PC leads, as early as day 15, to the one-to-one relationship between CF and PC.
  • (17) Report of a supernumerary extra chromosome der(11;22)(q23;q12) resulting from a balanced translocation in the mother.
  • (18) Recurrent hyperparathyroidism (four patients) was the major late postoperative complication, but was more frequently the result of a supernumerary or previously overlooked fourth parathyroid gland (three), than due to hyperplasia of residual parathyroid tissue (one).
  • (19) A supernumerary valvula of the pulmonary semilunar valve was found in a 51-year old, male Japanese.
  • (20) In order to directly evaluate the effects of sperm antibodies in human in vitro fertilization (IVF), the authors preincubated donor sperm in female sera containing sperm antibodies and then inseminated supernumerary human oocytes from a gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) program.