What's the difference between confirmation and substantiation?
Confirmation
Definition:
(n.) The act of confirming or strengthening; the act of establishing, ratifying, or sanctioning; as, the confirmation of an appointment.
(n.) That which confirms; that which gives new strength or assurance; as to a statement or belief; additional evidence; proof; convincing testimony.
(n.) A rite supplemental to baptism, by which a person is admitted, through the laying on of the hands of a bishop, to the full privileges of the church, as in the Roman Catholic, the Episcopal Church, etc.
(n.) A conveyance by which a voidable estate is made sure and not voidable, or by which a particular estate is increased; a contract, express or implied, by which a person makes that firm and binding which was before voidable.
Example Sentences:
(1) Clinical and roentgenographic criteria could not discriminate between patients with and without pneumonia, confirming the findings of previous investigations.
(2) The nuclear origin of the Ha antigen was confirmed by the speckled nuclear immunofluorescence staining pattern given by purified antibody to Ha obtained from a specific immune precipitate.
(3) Trifluoroacetylated rabbit serum albumin was 5 times more reactive with these antibodies and thus more antigenic than the homologous acetylated moiety confirming the importance of the trifluoromethyl moiety as an epitope in the immunogen in vivo.
(4) In vitro studies carried out in this Department confirmed the high activity of mecillinam against Salmonella spp.
(5) The results of our microscopic model confirm that the continuum hypothesis used in our previous macroscopic model is reasonable.
(6) Consensual but rationally weak criteria devised to extract inferences of causality from such results confirm the generic inadequacy of epidemiology in this area, and are unable to provide definitive scientific support to the perceived mandate for public health action.
(7) The results of the evaluation confirm that most problems seen by first level medical personnel in developing countries are simple, repetitive, and treatable at home or by a paramedical worker with a few safe, essential drugs, thus avoiding unnecessary visits to a doctor.
(8) This theory was confirmed by product analysis and by measuring the affinity of the substrate for the enzyme by its inhibition of p-nitrophenyl glucoside hydrolysis.
(9) In 1 of the 3, anterior capsular detachment was also demonstrated radiographically and confirmed surgically.
(10) These observations were confirmed by the killing curves in pooled serum obtained at peak and trough levels.
(11) The pancreatic changes are unlikely to be an artefact, but rather a direct toxic effect of the alcohol as confirmed by the biochemical changes.
(12) Thus, our study confirmed that male subjects with a history of testicular maldescent have an increased risk for testis cancer, although the magnitude of this risk was lower than suggested previously.
(13) The operative arteriograms confirmed vascular occlusive phenomenon.
(14) A specimen of a very early ovum, 4 to 6 days old, shown in the luminal form of imbedding before any hemorrhage has taken place, confirms that the luminal form of imbedding does occur.
(15) One of the main components was confirmed to be caffeic acid which had inhibitory effect on renal failure in mice by Ac1-P.
(16) Abbott also unveiled his new ministry, which confirmed only one woman would serve in the first Abbott cabinet.
(17) We have confirmed this directly by showing that pure CCK is a potent inhibitor of gastric emptying.
(18) According to some reports as many as 30 people were killed in the explosion, although that figure could not be independently confirmed.
(19) All masses had either histologic confirmation (n = 11) or confirmation with other imaging modalities (n = 4).
(20) An inverse relationship between the pumping capacity of the heart and vascular resistance was confirmed at different stages of examination and treatment of the patients.
Substantiation
Definition:
(n.) The act of substantiating or proving; evidence; proof.
Example Sentences:
(1) The predicted non-Lorentzian line shapes and widths were found to be in good agreement with experimental results, indicating that the local orientational order (called "packing" by many workers) in the bilayers of small vesicles and in multilamellar membranes is substantially the same.
(2) 10D1 mAb induced a substantial proliferation of peripheral blood T cells when cross-linked with goat anti-mouse Ig antibody.
(3) Estimates of potential for gastrointestinal side effects using the rat enteropooling assay and in vivo monkey effects indicate that diarrhea will be substantially reduced with retention of uterine stimulating potency.
(4) Previous studies in this laboratory with particulate Mn3O4 have shown that preweanling rats have substantially higher tissue Mn concentrations than similarly treated adults, indicating possible differences in uptake or elimination or both.
(5) A more substantial decrease was found in Aberdeen and the larger towns near to Aberdeen than in the smaller towns further from the city.
(6) In contrast, human breast milk contained substantially increased levels of immunoreactive PTHrP.
(7) It was found that there was a substantial increase in mortality rates in the area under the jets where there was large noise radiation.
(8) But the amount of time spent above SPA has differed substantially between men and women due to women both living longer, and reaching state pension age earlier.
(9) Although statistical analysis did not show dramatic changes in all these parameters, some individual extreme values were substantially altered.
(10) Cholestyramine resin was beneficial in reducing stool bulk but had no substantial effect on fat absorption.
(11) Accordingly, LPA proved an extremely stable characteristic which did not show any substantial variations in the course of five years.
(12) This hypothesis is difficult to substantiate with direct measurements using human subjects.
(13) Mitogen-stimulated cells always contain substantially higher levels of LDL receptor messenger RNA than corresponding resting cells.
(14) Considerable glucose 6-phosphatase activity survived 240min of treatment with phospholipase C at 5 degrees C, but in the absence of substrate or at physiological glucose 6-phosphate concentrations the delipidated enzyme was completely inactivated within 10min at 37 degrees C. However, 80mM-glucose 6-phosphate stabilized it and phospholipid dispersions substantially restored thermal stability.
(15) Amine metabolites, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5HIAA), and homovanillic acid (HVA) were not substantially affected by sleep deprivation, although there was a significant interaction of clinical response and direction of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) change.
(16) The department of dietetics at a large teaching hospital has substantially reduced its food and labor costs through use of computerized systems that ensure efficient inventory management, recipe standardization, ingredient control, quantity and quality control, and identification of productive man-hours and appropriate staffing levels.
(17) Substantial percentages of both physicians and medical students reported access to drugs, family histories of substance abuse, stress at work and home, emotional problems, and sensation seeking.
(18) For further education, this would be my priority: a substantial increase in funding and an end to tinkering with the form of qualifications and bland repetition of the “parity of esteem” trope.
(19) The family members of depressed patients with six or more groups of DSM-III symptoms of major depression exhibited substantially higher rates of mood disorders than the family members of depressed patients with fewer than six groups of symptoms and the family members of patients with nonaffective disorders.
(20) The results presented here substantiate the hypothesis that in S. cerevisiae trehalose supplies energy during dormancy of the spores and not during the germination process.