(n.) The earth alumina, as found native in a crystalline state, including sapphire, which is the fine blue variety; the oriental ruby, or red sapphire; the oriental amethyst, or purple sapphire; and adamantine spar, the hair-brown variety. It is the hardest substance found native, next to the diamond.
Example Sentences:
(1) Guinea pig splenic lymphocytes and peritoneal macrophage cultures were incubated with quartz (DQ12), Corundum and aspirin as prostaglandin inhibitor.
(2) 3M discs and the rough corundum discs caused significantly more surface roughness of the Cosmic surface.
(3) The maximum values of tensile strength were measured when 200-250 microns corundum was used.
(4) Experiments carried out over a long period have shown that corundum ceramic is a strong material and is biologically inert.
(5) At desired time of incubation, the bacteria were washed with water, disintegrated with powdered corundum and in resulting cell-free extracts L-asparaginase activity was determined by the Conway method.
(6) Corundum produced no significant effect on the enzyme activity.
(7) The results showed that quartz induced a substantial increase of lipid peroxide in PAMs compared with both samples (dust-free or exposed to corundum).
(8) No adverse effects of corundum ceramics were noted.
(9) Corundum, which is sapphire, is number nine.” “The relative hardness of sapphire is 400, compared to quartz which is 100, so it is a lot harder than quartz,” Alford stressed.
(10) The results were compared with quartz dust as the known fibrogenic dust and emery dust (Corundum) was used as a control dust.
(11) Raman spectroscopy showed that both the socket and the beads are composed of alpha-Al2O3 (corundum), while the bioactive glass (alkaline and alkaline earth alumosilicate with a small quantity of zirconium oxide) showed this to have an intermediate structure between that of vitreous silica and that of the alkaline and alkaline earth disilicate glasses.
(12) All the lungs contained quartz and silicates and in most of the necropsy cases carborundum and corundum could also be shown.
(13) Quartz treatment did not alter esterase activity whereas corundum exposed cultures showed a decline.
(14) NH, a producer of glucoamylase, were cultivated in the presence of various supporting materials (three microspherical zeolitic particles, alpha-alumina and foam corundum).
(15) The results obtained showed that a significant inhibition of antibody formation to human albumin took place in animals with experimental silicosis in comparison with control rats that were given physiological saline or corundum as established by passive haemagglutination reaction according to Boyden as well as enhancement of the intensity of the delayed-type hypersensitivity to tuberculin.
(16) A complex of implanted dentures was manufactured with a corundum ceramic compound "Kador" made in the USSR.
(17) According to the present in vitro study it is possible to bond NPM alloy restorations with Panavia Ex several days after air brushing with corundum.
(18) Implants of corundum ceramic have been used in the treatment of 38 patients with bony tumours of the limbs.
(19) The patient's spine has been fixed by means of implant, made of corundum porous ceramic, metal plate and lavsan band.
(20) The values of the R(a) and Rmax were grown proportionally with the grain of corundum, but it was not resulted in the same increase of the tensile strength.
Hard
Definition:
(superl.) Not easily penetrated, cut, or separated into parts; not yielding to pressure; firm; solid; compact; -- applied to material bodies, and opposed to soft; as, hard wood; hard flesh; a hard apple.
(superl.) Difficult, mentally or judicially; not easily apprehended, decided, or resolved; as a hard problem.
(superl.) Difficult to accomplish; full of obstacles; laborious; fatiguing; arduous; as, a hard task; a disease hard to cure.
(superl.) Difficult to resist or control; powerful.
(superl.) Difficult to bear or endure; not easy to put up with or consent to; hence, severe; rigorous; oppressive; distressing; unjust; grasping; as, a hard lot; hard times; hard fare; a hard winter; hard conditions or terms.
(superl.) Difficult to please or influence; stern; unyielding; obdurate; unsympathetic; unfeeling; cruel; as, a hard master; a hard heart; hard words; a hard character.
(superl.) Not easy or agreeable to the taste; stiff; rigid; ungraceful; repelling; as, a hard style.
(superl.) Rough; acid; sour, as liquors; as, hard cider.
(superl.) Abrupt or explosive in utterance; not aspirated, sibilated, or pronounced with a gradual change of the organs from one position to another; -- said of certain consonants, as c in came, and g in go, as distinguished from the same letters in center, general, etc.
(superl.) Wanting softness or smoothness of utterance; harsh; as, a hard tone.
(superl.) Rigid in the drawing or distribution of the figures; formal; lacking grace of composition.
(superl.) Having disagreeable and abrupt contrasts in the coloring or light and shade.
(adv.) With pressure; with urgency; hence, diligently; earnestly.
(adv.) With difficulty; as, the vehicle moves hard.
(adv.) Uneasily; vexatiously; slowly.
(adv.) So as to raise difficulties.
(adv.) With tension or strain of the powers; violently; with force; tempestuously; vehemently; vigorously; energetically; as, to press, to blow, to rain hard; hence, rapidly; as, to run hard.
(adv.) Close or near.
(v. t.) To harden; to make hard.
(n.) A ford or passage across a river or swamp.
Example Sentences:
(1) Lucy and Ed will combine coverage of hard and breaking news with a commitment to investigative journalism, which their track record so clearly demonstrates”.
(2) Sierra Leone is one of the three West Africa nations hit hard by an Ebola epidemic this year.
(3) Topical and systemic antibiotic therapy is common in dermatology, yet it is hard to find a rationale for a particular route in some diseases.
(4) Given Australia’s number one position as the worst carbon emitter per capita among major western nations it seems hardly surprising that islanders from Fiji, Samoa, Vanuatu and other small island developing states have been turning to Australia with growing exasperation demanding the country demonstrate an appropriate response and responsibility.
(5) They had learned through hard experience what Frederick Douglass once taught -- that freedom is not given, it must be won, through struggle and discipline, persistence and faith.
(6) In 60 rhesus monkeys with experimental renovascular malignant arterial hypertension (25 one-kidney and 35 two-kidney model animals), we studied the so-called 'hard exudates' or white retinal deposits in detail (by ophthalmoscopy, and stereoscopic color fundus photography and fluorescein fundus angiography, on long-term follow-up).
(7) It is a moment to be grateful for what remains of Labour's hard left: an amendment to scrap the cap was at least tabled by John McDonnell and Jeremy Corbyn but stood no chance.
(8) She stopped working only when the pain made it hard for her to get to work.
(9) He was reclusive, I know that, and he was often given a hard time for it.
(10) This defeat, though, is hardly a good calling card for the main job.
(11) Since this test is easily performed and hardly stresses the patient, it should routinely be the initial one for the diagnosis of renal osteopathy.
(12) Never become so enamored of your own smarts that you stop signing up for life’s hard classes.
(13) But I don't wish to be too hard on the judge for not taking that view.
(14) Our campaign has been going for some time and each step in our progress has been hard won, by campaigners paid and volunteer alike.
(15) I am rooting hard for you.” Ronald Reagan simply told his former vice-president Bush: “Don’t let the turkeys get you down.” By 10.30am Michelle Obama and Melania Trump will join the outgoing and incoming presidents in a presidential limousine to drive to the Capitol.
(16) All the same, it's hard to approach the school, which charges nearly £28,000 for boarders and nearly £19,000 for day girls and is sometimes called "the girls' Eton", without a few prejudices.
(17) Governmental officials as well as medical scientists in Taiwan have worked hard in recent years to develop and to implement various measures, such as prenatal diagnosis and neonatal screening, to lower the incidence of hereditary diseases and mental retardation in the population.
(18) Cooper, who was briefly a social worker in Los Angeles, also suggests working hard to build a rapport with colleagues in hotdesking situations.
(19) Critics of wind power peddle the same old myths about investment in new energy sources adding to families' fuel bills , preferring to pick a fight with people concerned about the environment, than stand up to vested interests in the energy industry, for the hard-pressed families and pensioners being ripped off by the energy giants.
(20) The spirit is great here, the players work very hard, we kept the belief when we were in third place and now we are here.