What's the difference between cutin and polymer?

Cutin


Definition:

  • (n.) The substance which, added to the material of a cell wall, makes it waterproof, as in cork.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Using tritiated apple cutin as substrate, the two cutinases showed similar substrate concentration dependence, protein concentration dependence, time course profiles, and pH dependence profiles with optimum near 10.0.
  • (2) Using unlabeled cutin, the rate of dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid release from apple fruit cutin by cutinase I was determined to be 4.4 mumol per min per mg.
  • (3) 7) capable of degrading cutin, the insoluble lipid-polyester matrix covering the surface of plants, and hydrolysing triglycerides.
  • (4) Both mRNA and protein were inducible by cutin hydrolysate, while hypovirulence agents suppressed the level of mRNA and the enzyme.
  • (5) Transformants with a disrupted CUT1 gene failed to produce a cutin-inducible esterase that is normally detected by activity staining on non-denaturing polyacrylamide gels.
  • (6) The seed coat of almond (Prunus amygdalus Batsch) contains up to 30% procyanidins with different degrees of polymerisation and, in addition, fatty oils, lignin, polysaccharides and cutin.
  • (7) omega-Hydroxy fatty acids were more effective in inducing cutinase than any of the other more polar acids of cutin.
  • (8) A radial immunodiffusion assay for cutinase was developed, and the induction of cutinase by cutin hydrolysate was confirmed by this direct assay.
  • (9) Thus, the high resistance of plant cuticles to transport of 2,4-D can be attributed to both low diffusion and partition coefficients in the transport-limiting layer made up of cutin and soluble lipids which are densely packed and highly ordered.
  • (10) Induction of cutinase by cutin or hydrolyzed cutin after growth on glucose medium was similarly reduced.
  • (11) The mutant possessed an 80 to 90% reduction in cutinase activity when grown for 3 to 5 days on acetate- or cutin-containing medium.
  • (12) Thin-layer chromatographic analysis of the products released from labeled apple fruit cutin showed that the extracellular enzyme released all classes of cutin monomers.
  • (13) However, unlike the previously studied fungal systems, cutin hydrolysate did not induce cutinase.
  • (14) From a physiological point of view, peroxygenase and this newly described epoxide hydrolase could be responsible, in vivo, for the biosynthesis of a class of oxygenated fatty acid compounds known to be involved in cutin monomers production and in plant defense mechanisms.
  • (15) Hygromycin-resistant transformants of F. solani pisi generated by electroporation were assayed for CAT activity inducible by cutin hydrolysate and for glucose repression of this induction.
  • (16) These results suggest that cutin monomer causes phosphorylation of a transcription factor that binds to the -225 to -360 segment of the cutinase gene and enhances transcription of this gene.
  • (17) Non-denaturing polyacrylamide gels stained for esterase activity show a single major band among intracellular and extracellular proteins from cutin-grown cultures that is not present among intracellular and extracellular proteins prepared from glucose-grown or carbon-starved cultures.
  • (18) The gene is expressed when cutin is the sole carbon source but not when the carbon source is cutin and glucose together or glucose alone.
  • (19) This demonstrates that permeance is determined by the soluble cuticular lipids associated with the cutin, rather than by cutin alone.
  • (20) The properties of the homogeneous cutinase I, cutinase II, and the nonspecific esterase isolated from the extracellular fluid of cutin-grown Fusarium solani F. pisi (R.E.

Polymer


Definition:

  • (n.) Any one of two or more substances related to each other by polymerism; specifically, a substance produced from another substance by chemical polymerization.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Five days later, the animals were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups: Group 1 received intracranial implantation of controlled-release polymers containing dexamethasone; Group 2 received intraperitoneal implantation of controlled-release polymers containing dexamethasone; Group 3 received serial intraperitoneal injections of dexamethasone; and Group 4 received sham treatment.
  • (2) In spite of important differences in size, chemical composition, polymer density, and configuration, biological macromolecules indeed manifest some of the essential physical-chemical properties of gels.
  • (3) The acetonitrile extract is concentrated and analyzed by HPLC, using a new polymer-based column, and detected by UV spectroscopy at 270 nm.
  • (4) These results suggest that glomerular IgA are IgA polymers and decreased hepatic clearance of hepatic IgA polymers may be responsible for the glomerular deposition of IgA.
  • (5) A method for the introduction of side chains containing isonitrile (isocyanide, functional group) on the backbone of polysaccharides and other hydroxylic polymers was developed.
  • (6) He knows polymer notes from travels in Australia, where they were first introduced in 1988, and he wants Britain to "move with the times" too.
  • (7) Poly(ortho ester) bioerodible polymers are suitable materials for the topical administration of a wide variety of therapeutic agents; varying the nature and amounts of excipients physically incorporated into the polymer will vary the erosion rates from a few hours to many months.
  • (8) By performing countercurrent distribution in the presence of a polymer-ligand, the protein that binds the polymer-ligand can be separated from a heterogenous mixture.
  • (9) Pulse labeling of the polymer with [2-3H]adenosine was also maximal at the same time points.
  • (10) Charged polymers, known to alter cell surface characteristics, reversibly inhibit the intercellular communication required in kidney tubule induction.
  • (11) A novel type of ion exchanger was prepared by multipoint covalent binding of polystyrene chains onto the surface of porous silica followed by polymer-analogous modification of the bonded layer.
  • (12) Another 52 received a 100-g (nonfasting) glucose polymer screening test followed by a 100-g glucose polymer tolerance test.
  • (13) The important role of the exocellular polymers for the structure, size and density of flocs can be well illustrated.
  • (14) A small number of children with protracted diarrhoea, who have severe mucosal injury may not be able to handle even starch and may require diets based on short chain glucose polymers.
  • (15) Rather, assembly of sIgM into polymers and their subsequent secretion are prevented in B lymphocytes by preceding targeting of monomeric sIgM to degradation.
  • (16) The neutral polymer was devoid of type 6 activity although it was serologically active.
  • (17) The tissue reaction was more severe for polymers having a higher rate of degradation.
  • (18) Control experiments with other constructs (e.g., allopurinol riboside linked to the mannose-free polymer) confirmed that the enhancement of activity was indeed achieved by means of the mannose homing device.
  • (19) Of the tested polymers, only polyvinyl methylacetamide and dextran inhibit a decrease in the level of mitochondrial enzyme activity which develops with administration of endotoxin.
  • (20) At different degrees of DNA damage, the average length of the poly-ADP-ribose chain did not practically alter, thus suggesting the increase in the number of polymer binding sites in the histones.

Words possibly related to "cutin"