What's the difference between derange and perturb?
Derange
Definition:
(v. t.) To put out of place, order, or rank; to disturb the proper arrangement or order of; to throw into disorder, confusion, or embarrassment; to disorder; to disarrange; as, to derange the plans of a commander, or the affairs of a nation.
(v. t.) To disturb in action or function, as a part or organ, or the whole of a machine or organism.
(v. t.) To disturb in the orderly or normal action of the intellect; to render insane.
Example Sentences:
(1) It is not known whether the deposits are primary or secondary events, but they may be of importance in initiating or maintaining derangement in heart function.
(2) All of them had fever, jaundice, abdominal pain, leucocytosis and deranged liver function while 26.6% were in shock, 13.3% in coma and 40% in azotaemia.
(3) In patients with Cushing's disease or Nelson's syndrome ACTH secretion is insensitive to naloxone, presumably because of an autonomous pituitary adenoma or hypothalamic derangement.
(4) The high ratio observed in BALF from patients with sarcoidosis and a chronic derangement of alveolar structure suggests either an increased C2 production or an alternative complement pathway (C2-independent) activation within their lungs.
(5) Progress is our understanding of the roles of vasogenic and cytotoxic brain edema in secondary brain damage can be expected from studies of the ability of biochemical factors to open the blood-brain barrier, derange the microcirculation, and cause cell swelling and necrosis.
(6) We assert that OCD and AVN are relatively common, clinically significant lesions of the mandibular condyle often associated with preexisting internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint.
(7) A hypothesis is presented as to how certain occlusal relationships and habitual patterns of jaw use may predispose an individual to TMJ internal derangements.
(8) These data suggest the feasibility of using calcium and EDTA infusions combined with an intact PTH assay to define the relationships between circulating levels of PTH-(1-84) and calcium in states of normal and deranged parathyroid physiology.
(9) Functionally, the first component reflected 55% of the reducibility property and an unimpaired oxidizability property, while the latter exhibited derangement of both aspects of cytochrome c activity.
(10) Laboratory investigations revealed hyperbilirubinemia, marked increase in serum transaminases, a variable alkaline phosphatase level and electrolytes derangement.
(11) Understanding how steroids work has led to improved comprehension of such derangements of hormonal regulation as testicular feminization.
(12) A case of a patient with a malignant schwannoma, who was originally diagnosed as having internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), is presented.
(13) The consequence of these derangements is often widespread plugging of small bronchi and bronchioles.
(14) The deranged adenosine metabolism and raised cAMP in the platelets of this child with severe combined immunodeficiency may explain the altered response to ADP.
(15) Surgery has been important in the treatment of internal derangement of the TMJ.
(16) Biopsies of lumbar multifidus muscles were obtained at operation on seventeen patients aged from fifteen to fifty-eight with lumbar spinal derangement, and further material was taken from the cadavers of three subjects aged from nineteen to fifty-one.
(17) Infection, compression and metabolic derangement were implicated as the most common etiologic factors.
(18) The rate of decline of creatinine clearance, the changes of the urinary protein loss, of total serum protein, of the daily insulin requirement, of the nutritional status and of some hormonal derangements were examined.
(19) Respiratory and circulatory derangements and brain damage ensue if the problem is not promptly recognized and corrected.
(20) It has been suggested that the occurrence of an intracellular Ca2+ overload may result in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy, which is associated with depletion of high-energy phosphate stores and a derangement of ultrastructure and cardiac dysfunction.
Perturb
Definition:
(v. t.) To disturb; to agitate; to vex; to trouble; to disquiet.
(v. t.) To disorder; to confuse.
Example Sentences:
(1) These membrane perturbation effects not observed with bleomycin-iron in the presence of a hydroxyl radical scavenger, dimethyl thiourea, or a chelating agent, desferrioxamine, were correlated with the ability of the complex to generate highly reactive oxygen species.
(2) Ultraviolet difference spectrophotometry indicates that the inactivated enzyme retains its capacity for binding the nucleotide substrates whereas the spectral perturbation characteristic of 3-phosphoglycerate binding is abolished in the modified enzyme.
(3) It is suggested that laboratory experiments should be performed on perturbed systems only if simulations have shown that the methods of data analysis will be satisfactorily powerful and accurate.
(4) Thresholds were measured for detecting perturbations in a regular lattice of dots by modulating local dot density, local dot luminance, or some combination of the two.
(5) It is shown that when a constant current is applied such that a stable equilibrium and rhythmic firing are present, the following predictions are inherent in the HH system of equations: (a) Small instantaneous voltage perturbations to the axon given at points along its firing spike result in phase resetting curves (when new phase versus old phase is plotted) with an average slope of 1.
(6) Lower lip perturbation duration was manipulated to yield two different load conditions.
(7) The role of the Golgi complex in the post-translational oligosaccharide maturation of alpha-amylase was explored by use of the carboxylic ionophore, monensin (10(-7)M), a known perturbant of the structure and function of the Golgi complex.
(8) The importance of the ionic interaction due to the formation of the salt bridge between the Asp-27 and the pteridine ring in Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase-methotrexate complex has been studied by using the free-energy perturbation method.
(9) Presence of the monosynaptic reflex during platform perturbations at normal latencies suggests that balance problems in children with Down syndrome do not result from hypotonia, which researchers have defined as decreased segmental motoneuron pool excitability and pathology of stretch reflex mechanisms, but rather result from defects within higher level postural mechanisms.
(10) We have perturbed the dynamics of the nuclear lamins by means of cell fusion between mitotic and interphase cells and have studied redistribution of lamins in fused cells as a function of extracellular pH levels.
(11) In the coagulating gland, this compensatory response involved the proliferation of many cells which, in the absence of cytotoxic perturbation, would be non-proliferatie (Q cells).
(12) The effect of initial perturbation of the thrombus by a guide wire appears to be less important than the thrombus disruption and accelerated thrombolysis caused by the pulsatile delivery system.
(13) As before, subjects were instructed to either oppose the perturbation (Predictable Oppose) or relax the forearm muscles (Predictable Let-Go).
(14) Bivalent cations (Ca2+, UO2(2+) or Zn2+) in the subphase at pH 5.6 significantly modified the behaviour of mixed monolayers of fusogenic lipids with phospholipids; there was a parallel perturbing effect of fusogenic lipids on interactions between monolayers of phospholipids and bivalent cations.
(15) In particular, nitration of Tyr-51 provoked a structural perturbation in the globular region.
(16) Altering the biophysical characteristics of cell membranes by diet and membrane perturbing agents markedly influences thermosensitivity of cells.
(17) Paraphilias (PAs) and non-paraphilic sexual addictions (NPSAs) may be behaviors that share a common perturbation of central serotonin neuroregulation as a component of their pathophysiology.
(18) Two functions of these have been proposed: 1) that they are compatible osmolytes which regulate cell volume (against high external NaCl) without inhibiting proteins and 2) that methylamines (GPC and betaine) are counteracting osmolytes which stabilize proteins against perturbation from high renal urea.
(19) This high incidence of HER2 gene amplification with accompanying overexpression in non-invasive breast tumors suggests that perturbations of the HER2 oncogene are among the earliest and most common genetic lesions in human breast cancer.
(20) Hypophysectomy was selected as a model system for perturbing testicular cell types, since the cytological sequelae of this treatment post-hypophysectomy in the rat are well documented in the literature.