(n.) A translucent, gummy, amorphous substance, nearly tasteless and odorless, used as a substitute for gum, for sizing, etc., and obtained from starch by the action of heat, acids, or diastase. It is of somewhat variable composition, containing several carbohydrates which change easily to their respective varieties of sugar. It is so named from its rotating the plane of polarization to the right; -- called also British gum, Alsace gum, gommelin, leiocome, etc. See Achroodextrin, and Erythrodextrin.
Example Sentences:
(1) The restricted substrate specificity indicated the assignment of the enzyme to be an oligo-1,6-glucosidase (dextrin 6-alpha-glucanohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.10), but it was suggested that it could be a new type of oligo-1,6-glucosidase on the basis of its action on a series of (1----4)-alpha-malto-oligosaccharides.
(2) After immunochemical analyses carried out in agarose gel, alpha-amylase characterization was performed by using beta-limit dextrin followed by iodine staining.
(3) These enzymes are produced in media containing starch or dextrins.
(4) During balance periods of 3 days, while the infants were receiving known dietary quantities of the starch to be tested, the fecal content of lactic acid, glucose, dextrins, and starch was measured.
(5) Addition of Tris to the assay inhibited enzyme activity in fibroblast homogenates of the patients and of controls to the same extent and had no effect on the distribution of the label between supernatant and limit dextrin after beta-amylolysis of the labeled glycogen.
(6) Tissues of treated animals demonstrated ethanol-induced decreases of roughly one-half those of the maltose dextrin (isocaloric) and water (fluid control) groups.
(7) Also the enzyme acted on beta-limit dextrins of amylopectin and glycogen to form branched oligosaccharides.
(8) The renal toxicity of the Schardinger dextrins, alpha and beta-cyclodextrin, is manifested as a series of alterations in the vacuolar organelles of the proximal convoluted tubule.
(9) B6D2F1 mice were paid-fed liquid diets containing either 25% ethanol-derived calories or an isocaloric amount of maltose-dextrin on days 12 to 17 of gestation.
(10) We had earlier shown that linear dextrin chains display amphiphilic properties, since all the hydroxyl groups are disposed on one side or face of the chain and the hydrogens disposed on the other.
(11) In the present study, female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups each fed Wayne Rodent-Blox ad libitum or Lieber-DeCarli diet with 36% of maltose dextrin calories replaced with ethanol ad libitum, or isocaloric amounts of liquid diet for a period of 21 months resulting in changes of chronic pancreatitis in ethanol-fed rats.
(12) From the digest of beta-limit dextrin (prepared from glutinous rice starch) with saccharifying alpha-amylase of Bacillus subtilis [EC 3.2.1.1] (BSA), two extensibely branched dextrins consisting of nine (No.
(13) The low-fiber diet consisted of milk, glucose, and dextrins in liquid formula form, the high-fiber diet was composed of starchy foods.
(14) The enzyme had a very low but significant activity on pullulan and on alpha-dextrins having maltosyl side-chains.
(15) After the exhaustive exercise and taking a muscle biopsy the subjects either exercised at 40% Wmax for 3 h (trial A) or rested for 3 h (trial B), during which they consumed approximately 2 l of a 25% malto-dextrine drink in both trials.
(16) Satisfactory recoveries were obtained only with mA agar (Rippey & Cabelli) and dextrin-fuchsin-sulphite agar (Schubert), but neither was sufficiently selective.
(17) Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a liquid diet containing 5% ethanol or an identical volume of diet made isocaloric with maltose-dextrin (pair-fed controls).
(18) Glycogen beta-limit dextrin and amylopectin were more slowly hydrolysed, the detection of the hydrolysis of amylopectin being dependent on enzyme concentration.
(19) To further investigate carbohydrate satiety in the Zucker rat, the short-term feeding behavior of obese and lean rats was observed following intragastric infusions (7.2 kcal in 10 ml) of corn starch and the starch hydrolysates Polycose and dextrin.
(20) A coculture system containing S. ruminantium as a dextrin-utilizing species and each of the three amylolytic bacteria was developed to test whether the products of starch hydrolysis were available for crossfeeding to another ruminal bacterium.
Dextrose
Definition:
(n.) A sirupy, or white crystalline, variety of sugar, C6H12O6 (so called from turning the plane of polarization to the right), occurring in many ripe fruits. Dextrose and levulose are obtained by the inversion of cane sugar or sucrose, and hence called invert sugar. Dextrose is chiefly obtained by the action of heat and acids on starch, and hence called also starch sugar. It is also formed from starchy food by the action of the amylolytic ferments of saliva and pancreatic juice.
Example Sentences:
(1) The most substantial deviations between actual and theoretical osmolarity values occurred with the calcium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, potassium chloride and dextrose solutions.
(2) Alteration in the temperature of the Isoton diluent in a Coulter model S counter over a range of possible laboratory working temperatures produced a change in the mean corpuscular volume using EDTA and dipotassium acid citrate dextrose blood and a commercial control, 4C.
(3) No change in serum DHEA-S, DHEA, or androstenedione levels occurred in paired control studies, during which 0.45% saline was infused at rates matched exactly to the rates of the dextrose and insulin infusions during the hyperinsulinemic clamp studies.
(4) The twig was removed, and calcium-dextrose and penicillin G were administered.
(5) The onset of tolerance to morphine analgesia was studied in 34 female Wistar rats immediately after they drank a dextrose-saccharin cocktail or tap water for 6 or 24 hours.
(6) Plasma dextrose and bicarbonate declined in concentration while potassium, lactate, LDH, ammonia, and hemoglobin rose with storage.
(7) Blood from the same donors stored in citrate-phosphate-dextrose (CPD) adenine had a rapidly rising SFP by 7 to 14 days of storage.
(8) Erythrocytes washed with citrate-phosphate-dextrose solution and reconstituted with platelet-free plasma were stable for 12 weeks.
(9) Only one mild clinical hypoglycaemic episode, responding to increased dextrose infusion, was recorded.
(10) Decreases in procainamide hydrochloride concentrations in the control admixtures might have been caused by procainamide-dextrose complexation.
(11) Ten to fifteen milliliters of a 20 percent magnesium sulfate solution, given intravenously over 1 minute, followed by a slow 4 to 6 hour infusion of 500 ml of 2 per cent magnesium sulfate in 5 per cent dextrose in water is recommended.
(12) In group 2, nine admixtures representing nine combinations of Liposyn II, Aminosyn II with Electrolytes, and dextrose injection were studied.
(13) One implication of this study is that dextrose should not be provided to patients with acute ischemic stroke.
(14) A standard protocol was followed for administration of TPN and included crystalline amino acid solution with lipid emulsion and dextrose as calorie sources.
(15) Fructose and mannose may be as useful as dextrose in citrate-phosphate preservatives for maintaining ATP and 2,3-DPG levels.
(16) However, infusion of hypertonic dextrose solutions resulted in severe generalized hepatic fatty infiltration and marked hypoalbuminemia.
(17) The total nutrient admixture (TNA) contained 1000 ml 10% FreAmine, 1000 ml 50% dextrose, 500 ml 10% Soyacal, electrolytes, vitamins and trace elements.
(18) More acid-citrate-dextrose was infused during procedures with the 2997 (471 ml) than the CS-3000 (324 ml, p less than 0.0005); the donors' ionized calcium decreased significantly more during procedures with the 2997 (27.3%) than the CS-3000 (17.0%, p less than 0.0005).
(19) The stability of hydralazine hydrochloride in aqueous vehicles which contain either dextrose, fructose, lactose, maltose, mannitol, sorbitol or sucrose has been studied using a stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatographic method.
(20) Series of 1,3-dihalogeno-5-nitrobenzenes, 3- and 3,5-halogenoanilines, and 2,6-dihalogeno-4-nitroanilines were tested for fungitoxicity against Aspergillus niger, A. oryzae, Trichoderma viride, Myrothecium verrucaria, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes in shaken culture by using Sabouraud dextrose broth enriched with yeast extract as the test medium.