(n.) A translucent, gummy, amorphous substance, nearly tasteless and odorless, used as a substitute for gum, for sizing, etc., and obtained from starch by the action of heat, acids, or diastase. It is of somewhat variable composition, containing several carbohydrates which change easily to their respective varieties of sugar. It is so named from its rotating the plane of polarization to the right; -- called also British gum, Alsace gum, gommelin, leiocome, etc. See Achroodextrin, and Erythrodextrin.
Example Sentences:
(1) The restricted substrate specificity indicated the assignment of the enzyme to be an oligo-1,6-glucosidase (dextrin 6-alpha-glucanohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.10), but it was suggested that it could be a new type of oligo-1,6-glucosidase on the basis of its action on a series of (1----4)-alpha-malto-oligosaccharides.
(2) After immunochemical analyses carried out in agarose gel, alpha-amylase characterization was performed by using beta-limit dextrin followed by iodine staining.
(3) These enzymes are produced in media containing starch or dextrins.
(4) During balance periods of 3 days, while the infants were receiving known dietary quantities of the starch to be tested, the fecal content of lactic acid, glucose, dextrins, and starch was measured.
(5) Addition of Tris to the assay inhibited enzyme activity in fibroblast homogenates of the patients and of controls to the same extent and had no effect on the distribution of the label between supernatant and limit dextrin after beta-amylolysis of the labeled glycogen.
(6) Tissues of treated animals demonstrated ethanol-induced decreases of roughly one-half those of the maltose dextrin (isocaloric) and water (fluid control) groups.
(7) Also the enzyme acted on beta-limit dextrins of amylopectin and glycogen to form branched oligosaccharides.
(8) The renal toxicity of the Schardinger dextrins, alpha and beta-cyclodextrin, is manifested as a series of alterations in the vacuolar organelles of the proximal convoluted tubule.
(9) B6D2F1 mice were paid-fed liquid diets containing either 25% ethanol-derived calories or an isocaloric amount of maltose-dextrin on days 12 to 17 of gestation.
(10) We had earlier shown that linear dextrin chains display amphiphilic properties, since all the hydroxyl groups are disposed on one side or face of the chain and the hydrogens disposed on the other.
(11) In the present study, female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups each fed Wayne Rodent-Blox ad libitum or Lieber-DeCarli diet with 36% of maltose dextrin calories replaced with ethanol ad libitum, or isocaloric amounts of liquid diet for a period of 21 months resulting in changes of chronic pancreatitis in ethanol-fed rats.
(12) From the digest of beta-limit dextrin (prepared from glutinous rice starch) with saccharifying alpha-amylase of Bacillus subtilis [EC 3.2.1.1] (BSA), two extensibely branched dextrins consisting of nine (No.
(13) The low-fiber diet consisted of milk, glucose, and dextrins in liquid formula form, the high-fiber diet was composed of starchy foods.
(14) The enzyme had a very low but significant activity on pullulan and on alpha-dextrins having maltosyl side-chains.
(15) After the exhaustive exercise and taking a muscle biopsy the subjects either exercised at 40% Wmax for 3 h (trial A) or rested for 3 h (trial B), during which they consumed approximately 2 l of a 25% malto-dextrine drink in both trials.
(16) Satisfactory recoveries were obtained only with mA agar (Rippey & Cabelli) and dextrin-fuchsin-sulphite agar (Schubert), but neither was sufficiently selective.
(17) Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a liquid diet containing 5% ethanol or an identical volume of diet made isocaloric with maltose-dextrin (pair-fed controls).
(18) Glycogen beta-limit dextrin and amylopectin were more slowly hydrolysed, the detection of the hydrolysis of amylopectin being dependent on enzyme concentration.
(19) To further investigate carbohydrate satiety in the Zucker rat, the short-term feeding behavior of obese and lean rats was observed following intragastric infusions (7.2 kcal in 10 ml) of corn starch and the starch hydrolysates Polycose and dextrin.
(20) A coculture system containing S. ruminantium as a dextrin-utilizing species and each of the three amylolytic bacteria was developed to test whether the products of starch hydrolysis were available for crossfeeding to another ruminal bacterium.
Starch
Definition:
(a.) Stiff; precise; rigid.
(n.) A widely diffused vegetable substance found especially in seeds, bulbs, and tubers, and extracted (as from potatoes, corn, rice, etc.) as a white, glistening, granular or powdery substance, without taste or smell, and giving a very peculiar creaking sound when rubbed between the fingers. It is used as a food, in the production of commercial grape sugar, for stiffening linen in laundries, in making paste, etc.
(n.) Fig.: A stiff, formal manner; formality.
(v. t.) To stiffen with starch.
Example Sentences:
(1) Glucose release from these samples was highly correlated with starch gelatinization (r2 = .99).
(2) It is suggested the participation of glycogen (starch) in the self-oscillatory mechanism of the futile cycle formed by the phosphofructokinase and fructose bisphosphatase reactions may give rise to oscillations with the period of 10(3)-10(4) min, which may serve as the basis for the cell clock.
(3) Tissue storage of hydroxyethyl starch (HES), a widely used artificial colloid, has been reported.
(4) Therefore, we changed from dextran 40 to hydroxyethyl starch in 1987 for the treatment of several otoneurological disorders.
(5) The present experiments examined flavor differences among starches.
(6) A small number of children with protracted diarrhoea, who have severe mucosal injury may not be able to handle even starch and may require diets based on short chain glucose polymers.
(7) Agarose gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the fast and slow components obtained on starch block electrophoresis corresponded to the pre-beta and late pre-beta band respectively.
(8) Dry matter and starch intakes were greater when corn was fed than when barley was fed.
(9) In a starch block, migration was toward the cathode at pH 8.0.
(10) Slowing starch digestion by inhibiting amylase activity in the intestinal lumen should improve postprandial carbohydrate tolerance in patients with diabetes mellitus.
(11) This study uses breath hydrogen analysis, a sensitive method for detecting the passage of starch into the colon, to determine if a potent amylase inhibitor is capable of producing carbohydrate malabsorption.
(12) Concentrates of amyloid substance derived from organs of 10 human patients representing a variety of clinical entities were characterized according to their amino acid compositions, their electrophoretic constituents mobile in urea-starch gel at pH 3 and their stability with respect to the binding of Congo red in the pH interval 9-12.5.
(13) The 13CO2 starch breath test is an attractive test for the study of factors affecting carbohydrate assimilation.
(14) Production of milk and milk fat was not affected, but yields of CP and SNF were decreased when additional starch was fed to cows.
(15) The effect of two doses (3 mg and 10 mg) of the inhibitor of pancreatic alpha-amylase trestatin on the metabolism of an oral load of 75 g of starch was observed in healthy human subjects.
(16) These were analyzed for: tannins, trypsin inhibitors, hemagglutinins (with cow, sheep, and human erythrocytes), damaged starch, available lysine, protein quality (by the NPR method), and true digestibility.
(17) Two-day-old poults were fed diets containing no added fat [44.6% starch, 2.2% ether extract by weight (HC)], 10% tallow (T), or 10% corn oil [(CO) 29.0% starch, 10.9% ether extract].
(18) We have examined under a variety of conditions the ability of potato starch phosphorylase to cause exchange of the ester and phosphoryl oxygens of alpha-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate (Glc-1-P).
(19) In contrast, foci formed by 3-4 dysplastic crypts were decreased by the starch diet (P less than 0.05).
(20) Several experiments examined the preference of adult female rats for starch and starch-derived polysaccnarides using short- and long-term two-choice tests.