(n.) A draining; a gradual flowing off of any liquid; also, that which flows out of a drain.
(n.) The mode in which the waters of a country pass off by its streams and rivers.
(n.) The system of drains and their operation, by which superfluous water is removed from towns, railway beds, mines, and other works.
(n.) Area or district drained; as, the drainage of the Po, the Thames, etc.
(n.) The act, process, or means of drawing off the pus or fluids from a wound, abscess, etc.
Example Sentences:
(1) The present retrospective study reports the results of a survey conducted on 130 patients given elective abdominal and urinary surgery together with the cultivation of routine intraperitoneal drainage material.
(2) The maximum duration of the drainage was 24 days and complete recovery was obtained in all patients without further surgical treatments.
(3) It facilitated the acquisition of quantitative velocity information with standard Doppler ultrasound techniques by identifying areas of high velocity or turbulent flow and was invaluable in the assessment of anomalous pulmonary venous drainage occurring either as an isolated anomaly or in conjunction with complex intracardiac lesions.
(4) Peripheral blood leukocytes demonstrated cell-mediated immunity against melanoma antigens before and throughout the period of drainage, except for the immediate postoperative period.
(5) In a double-blind trial, 50 patients with subcostal incisions performed for cholecystectomy or splenectomy, received 10 ml of either 0.5% bupivacaine plain or physiological saline twice daily by wound perfusion through an indwelling drainage tube for 3 days after operation.
(6) Treatment was always surgical, with the following procedures: Laparotomy and chest drainage tube in 7 cases (21%), thoracotomy in 12 cases (36%) and a combined thoracoabdominal approach in 14 (43%).
(7) Drainage of contrast medium from the maxillary sinus during blowing and sniffing was studied by cine-roentgenography in 11 healthy subjects.
(8) In four of the empyemas, PCD was used successfully after incomplete or unsuccessful chest tube drainage.
(9) Fibronectin level in the ocular drainage system of humans grows with ageing and rapidly increases at different stages of primary open-angle glaucoma development.
(10) Tretinoin (all-trans-retinoic acid) acts to normalize desquamation of follicular epithelium, promote drainage of comedones, and inhibit formation of new ones.
(11) The other 3 dogs died or were euthanatized, and the effect of stopping thoracic drainage could not be evaluated.
(12) Continuous in utero tracheal ligation and drainage (over a period of 21-28 days) both result in malformations of the developing fetal lamb lung.
(13) Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) was conceptualized more than 35 years ago, but its clinical application only flourished in the past 10 years after a number of technical refinements.
(14) The blood flow contributions and drainage patterns of the pulmonary and systemic circulations in the upper airways (trachea and main bronchi) were assessed in anesthetized dogs by injecting 15-micron radiolabeled microspheres into the right and left heart, respectively.
(15) It is concluded that the massive destruction of the normal anatomy in the lateral semicircular canal may be the morphological basis of a functional endolymphatic fistula for drainage of the endolymphatic hydrops.
(16) The fibrosis of the gastric wall with motility disturbances, and the diminution of acid and pepsin production from damage to the glandular elements, would weigh against the addition of a vagotomy to the drainage procedure.
(17) As with abdominal abscess drainage, a preexisting fistula may be opacified only after several days of catheter drainage and cannot be predicted at the time of initial aspiration.
(18) Up to now, one surgical repair in an adolescent with transposed great arteries and total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage of the supracardiac type has been reported.
(19) The reconstructive operation performed in each case depended on the preexisting drainage procedure.
(20) ALT is recommended as an alternative to drainage surgery.
Sewage
Definition:
(n.) The contents of a sewer or drain; refuse liquids or matter carried off by sewers
(n.) Sewerage, 2.
Example Sentences:
(1) The Hamilton-Wentworth regional health department was asked by one of its municipalities to determine whether the present water supply and sewage disposal methods used in a community without piped water and regional sewage disposal posed a threat to the health of its residents.
(2) Results in this preliminary study demonstrate the need to evaluate the hazard of microbial aerosols generated by sewage treatment plants similar to the one studied.
(3) A clinical investigation was made between workers exposed to dried sewage sludge dust and age matched controls not exposed.
(4) Also purple sulfur bacteria lowered BOD levels as demonstrated by the growth of T. floridana in sterilized sewage.
(5) Distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in sewage wastes at a municipal sewage treatment plant was studied, showing that the great bulk of PCBs entering such a treatment plant become adsorbed onto the grit chamber solids and the sludge that is passed from the anaerobic digesters.
(6) Aggregated virus was not dispersed by one-step dilution (7,000-fold) in distilled or untreated lake water but was dispersed if phosphate-buffered saline or clarified secondary sewage plant effluent was used as diluent.
(7) Acanthamoeba culbertsoni was isolated from a sewage-spoil dump site near Ambrose Light, New York Bight.
(8) This procedure has demonstrated that the routine methods for sewage collection, specimen treatment, and virus isolation permit virus detection when 5--10% of this virus excretors are available.
(9) Neither the stock cultures nor the aquatic strains were capable of growth in autoclaved river water taken above the sewage outfall at the three temperatures tested.
(10) It got a D in Sewage treatment, an F in air pollution and provided no information on water treatment.
(11) And it is a perfect testimony to the fact that a highly evolved economic area such as ours can produce equally high environmental standards.” The EEA noted a “marked improvement” over recent decades in measurements of two bacteria, E coli and intestinal enterococci, which indicate faecal contamination of swimming waters by sewage and animals.
(12) Salmonella contamination of swine and morbidity rates among the workers of swine-breeding complexes and the members of their families, as well as among the population inhabiting the zone of possible influence rendered by such complexes on the environment, have been studied as exemplified by 4 complexes for large-scale swine breeding, differing in their technology of swine raising and fattening, their systems of the purification and utilization of manure-containing sewage.
(13) Using zoospore capture technique, 361 colonies of aquatic freshwater fungi were recovered from sewage effluents, out of which 341 reached sexual maturity.
(14) At present it is not possible to quantify the effects attributed to acid rain only; account must be also be taken of cadmium added to, e.g., soil by use of sewage sludge and other fertilizers.
(15) The El Tor vibrios survived for 12 to 24 days in experimentally contaminated sewage water, and for up to 10 days in sewage-contaminated soil.
(16) The book lets you know how sewage gets around under the city streets and how aluminium is made (you have to get bauxite from Jamaica, then ship it to a place with lots of electricity, like the Pacific north west).
(17) One strain showing high optimum range of sulfide tolerance (up to 9 mM) produced more hydrogen in 80% sewage while the less sulfide tolerating strain (up to 6 mM) showed hydrogen photoproduction in 60% sewage.
(18) Most pollution of drinking water is caused by inadequacy of the uptake and distribution systems, by insufficient upkeep of the sewage system and by defects or breaks in the disinfection processes.
(19) In the study area, Cu and Zn emanate from sewage and boat slips (antifouling paints), while Zn probably also originates from coolant water from an electricity power generating station and iron ore exporting facilities.
(20) The transformation and toxicity of trichlorophenols (TCPs) were studied with a methanogenic enrichment culture derived from sewage sludge.