(n.) Any animal, vegetable, or mineral substance used in the composition of medicines; any stuff used in dyeing or in chemical operations.
(n.) Any commodity that lies on hand, or is not salable; an article of slow sale, or in no demand.
(v. i.) To prescribe or administer drugs or medicines.
(v. t.) To affect or season with drugs or ingredients; esp., to stupefy by a narcotic drug. Also Fig.
(v. t.) To tincture with something offensive or injurious.
(v. t.) To dose to excess with, or as with, drugs.
Example Sentences:
(1) Previous use of the drug is found in more than 50 per cent of the patients, and it was often followed by a neglected side-effect.
(2) Disease stabilisation was associated with prolonged periods of comparatively high plasma levels of drug, which appeared to be determined primarily by reduced drug clearance.
(3) The significance of minor increases in the serum creatinine level must be recognized, so that modifications of drug therapy can be made and correction of possibly life-threatening electrolyte imbalances can be undertaken.
(4) We have investigated the effect of methimazole (MMI) on cell-mediated immunity and ascertained the mechanisms of immunosuppression produced by the drug.
(5) Theophylline kinetics, as an in vivo probe for the potentially toxic cytochrome P-450I pathway of drug metabolism, were studied in 11 healthy volunteers and 11 patients with calcific chronic pancreatitis at Madras, South India.
(6) However, medicines have an important part to play, and it is now generally agreed that for the very poor populations medicines should be restricted to those on an 'essential drugs list' and should be made available as cheaply as possible.
(7) The ability of azelastine to influence antigen-induced contractile responses (Schultz-Dale phenomenon) in isolated tracheal segments of the guinea-pig was investigated and compared with selected antiallergic drugs and inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism.
(8) The LD50 of the following metal-binding chelating drugs, EDTA, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), hydroxyethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA), cyclohexanediaminotetraacetic acid (CDTA) and triethylenetetraminehexaacetic acid (TTHA) was evaluated in terms of mortality in rats after intraperitoneal administration and was found to be in the order: CDTA greater than EDTA greater than DTPA greater than TTHA greater than HEDTA.
(9) Meanwhile the efficiency of muscarinic antagonists in inhibition of tremor reaction induced by arecoline administration is associated with interaction between the drugs and the M2-subtype.
(10) Some of those drugs are able to stimulate the macrophages, even in an aspecific way, via the gut associated lymphatic tissue (GALT), that is in connection with the bronchial associated lymphatic tissue (BALT).
(11) The 14C-aminopyrine breath test was used to measure liver function in 14 normal subjects, 16 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, 14 alcoholics without cirrhosis, and 29 patients taking a variety of drugs.
(12) The results of the evaluation confirm that most problems seen by first level medical personnel in developing countries are simple, repetitive, and treatable at home or by a paramedical worker with a few safe, essential drugs, thus avoiding unnecessary visits to a doctor.
(13) Acquired drug resistance to INH, RMP, and EMB can be demonstrated in M. kansasii, and SMX in combination with other agents chosen on the basis of MIC determinations are effective in the treatment of disease caused by RMP-resistant M. kansasii.
(14) Further development of drug formulary concept was discussed, primarily for the drugs paid by the Health Insurance, as well as the unsatisfactory ADR reporting in Yugoslavia.
(15) Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont, who is also seeking the Democratic presidential nomination, recently proposed a bill that would ease the financial burden of prescription drugs on elderly Americans by allowing Medicare, the national social health insurance program, to negotiate with the pharmaceutical companies to keep prices down.
(16) The authors empirically studied the self-medication hypothesis of drug abuse by examining drug effects and motivation for drug use in 494 hospitalized drug abusers.
(17) Inadequate treatment, caused by a lack of drugs and poorly trained medical attendants, is also a major problem.
(18) To investigate the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) intolerance and the effect of gold use on the seroprevalence of H. pylori.
(19) A remarkable deterioration of prognosis with increasing age rises the question whether treatment with cytotoxic drugs should be tried in patients more than 60 years old.
(20) It was concluded that metoclopramide and dexamethasone showed an excellent antiemetic effect on acute drug-induced emesis, as well as on delayed emesis, induced by cisplatin.
Tobacco
Definition:
(n.) An American plant (Nicotiana Tabacum) of the Nightshade family, much used for smoking and chewing, and as snuff. As a medicine, it is narcotic, emetic, and cathartic. Tobacco has a strong, peculiar smell, and an acrid taste.
(n.) The leaves of the plant prepared for smoking, chewing, etc., by being dried, cured, and manufactured in various ways.
Example Sentences:
(1) The models are applied to estimate the demand for tobacco products in Finland.
(2) There was however no difference in the cross-sectional studies and no significant deleterious effect detected of tobacco use on forearm bone mineral content.
(3) They have actively intervened with governments, and particularly so in Africa.” José Luis Castro, president and chief executive officer of Vital Strategies, an organisation that promotes public health in developing countries, said: “The danger of tobacco is not an old story; it is the present.
(4) How big tobacco lost its final fight for hearts, lungs and minds Read more Shares in Imperial closed down 1% and British American Tobacco lost 0.75%, both underperforming the FTSE100’s 0.3% decline.
(5) The history of tobacco production and marketing is sketched, and the literature on chronic diseases related to smoking is summarized for the Pacific region.
(6) The mechanism by which such high levels were attained was primrily a combination of arterial hypoxia and a high carbon monoxide yield from tobacco.
(7) This structure could be constructed in intron 1 of tobacco rps12 gene.
(8) An important stratification factor, however, was related to tobacco usage.
(9) Chadwick felt that Customs and Trading Standards needed to continue their war on illegal tobacco – if not, efforts to tackle smoking could be undermined.
(10) These regions are also conserved in chloroplast DNA of tobacco.
(11) The policy was effective in reducing perceived environmental tobacco smoke exposure in work areas where smoking was banned but not in nonwork areas where smoking was allowed in designated areas.
(12) The group of tobacco smoking persons showed during rest, loads and in the restorative period more distinct disorders of cardio-vascular system values.
(13) Future increasing segments of females addicted to tobacco smoking will obviously markedly influence sex difference in morbidity.
(14) The Macassans traded iron, tobacco, cloth and gin for access to Yolngu waters.
(15) The present article reports a study of how such lifestyle habits, notably alcohol and tobacco consumption, are addressed in medical consultations.
(16) Cigarette smokers did not differ significantly from users of smokeless tobacco regarding hypercholesterolemia.
(17) However, most of these studies are difficult to interpret because they do not correctly take into account associated carcinogens such as tobacco smoke and other occupational carcinogens.
(18) The acute effects of smokeless tobacco (ST) on buccal mucosal transport and barrier function were studied by means of in vivo and in vitro techniques.
(19) The predilection of localization of epidermoid and small cell carcinomas in the upper lobes suggests a possible relationship to tobacco smoke inhalation as these regions have been shown to be more affected by the smoke.
(20) We have isolated an auxin-regulated cDNA, parB, from the early stage of cultured tobacco mesophyll protoplasts.