(n.) The first rudiments of an organism, whether animal or plant
(n.) The young of an animal in the womb, or more specifically, before its parts are developed and it becomes a fetus (see Fetus).
(n.) The germ of the plant, which is inclosed in the seed and which is developed by germination.
(a.) Pertaining to an embryo; rudimentary; undeveloped; as, an embryo bud.
Example Sentences:
(1) It was found that the skeletal muscle enzyme of the chick embryo is independent of the presence of creatine and consequently is another constitutive enzyme like the creatine kinase of the early embryonic chick heart.
(2) Since 1987, it has become possible to obtain immature ova from the living animal and to let them mature, fertilize and develop into embryos capable of transplantation outside the body.
(3) In X-irradiated litters, almost invariably, the incidence of anophthalmia was higher in exencephalic than in nonexencephalic embryos and the ratio of these incidences (relative risk) decreased toward 1 with increasing dose.
(4) The effects of hormonal promotion of T24-ras oncogene-transfected rat embryo fibroblasts (REF) were compared to cotransformation of these cells with adenovirus E1A and ras.
(5) Scatchard analyses of binding data obtained with synaptosomal preparations from 17-day-old embryos revealed two T3 binding sites.
(6) In the stage 24 chick embryo, a paced increase in heart rate reduces stroke volume, presumably by rate-dependent decrease in passive filling.
(7) From the biochemical markers in follicular fluid, cyclic adenosine monophosphate has a distinct predictive value in regard to pregnancy in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer cycles.
(8) Implantation of the mouse embryo involves the invasion of the secondary trophoblast giant cells of the ectoplacental cone (EPC) into the uterine decidua.
(9) They suggest that an endogenous retinoid could contribute to positional information in the early Xenopus embryo.
(10) A cytogenetic and anatomopathologic study of an embryo of 24 mm crown-rump length showing pure triploidy (69,XXY) is reported.
(11) The in vivo approach consisted of interspecies grafting between quail and chick embryos.
(12) Here we report direct measurements of protein kinase C (PKC) activity in uninduced ectoderm, and in neuroectoderm shortly after induction by the involuting mesoderm, in Xenopus laevis embryos.
(13) Results obtained from cumulative labeling and pulse-labeling and chase experiments with cells from late gastrulae, yolk plug-stage embryos, and neurulae showed that the 30S RNA is an intermediate in rRNA processing and is derived from 40S pre-rRNA and processed to 28S rRNA.
(14) During that time they have repeatedly demonstrated the likely existence of signalling molecules or morphogens that control the pattern of development in the embryo.
(15) Ernst Reissner studied the formation of the inner ear initially using the embryos of fowls, then the embryos of mammals, mainly cows and pigs, and to a less extent the embryos of man.
(16) The objective of this study was to examine the effects of different culture media used for maturation of bovine oocytes on in vitro embryo development following in vitro fertilization.
(17) By 3 d in the chick embryo, the first neurons detected by antibodies to Ng-CAM are located in the ventral neural tube; these precursors of motor neurons emit well-stained fibers to the periphery.
(18) None of the factors tested was found to have a statistically significant effect on embryo yield.
(19) The embryo stages were assessed visually and some were investigated histologically.
(20) Ninety semen specimens were analysed for use in an IVF-embryo transfer (ET) programme.
Endosperm
Definition:
(n.) The albumen of a seed; -- limited by recent writers to that formed within the embryo sac.
Example Sentences:
(1) Previous attempts to purify this enzyme from the liquid endosperm of kernels of Zea mays (sweet corn) were not entirely successful owing to the lability of partially purified preparations during column chromatography.
(2) Analysis of a transposable, element-induced o2 allele, o2-m20, revealed that sectors of endosperm cells contained the nuclear-localized O2 protein, indicating excision of the transposable element.
(3) 3. beta-Sitosteryl linoleate is the major sterol ester of the scutellum and endosperm.
(4) Northern blot analyses indicated that related transcripts are present in aleurones, coleoptiles, endosperms, internodes, leaves, ovules, roots and root tips, with highest levels of expression in the aleurones and endosperms.
(5) However, unlike animal cell calmodulin, endosperm calmodulin appears to associate with kinetochore microtubules throughout mitosis, which suggests a specialized role for higher plant calmodulin in the regulation of kinetochore microtubule dynamics.
(6) The endosperm cells of the American basswood Tilia americana are favorable experimental material for investigating the birefringence of living plant spindles and anaphase movement of chromosomes.
(7) It was found that these groups represent varying amounts of transcripts that range from 2 to 20% of the total endosperm mRNA population.
(8) The enzymes are likely to function in the depolymerization of cell wall arabinoxylans during mobilization of the starchy endosperm.
(9) A 216 bp promoter fragment of the 19 kDa protein zein gene pMS1, containing the CCAAT and TATA boxes, was analysed by a variety of techniques for in vitro interactions with nuclear proteins from endosperm tissue.
(10) Serum antibodies from the maize-fed mice, immunized with either alpha-zein or maize glutelin, showed even labelling of the major maize endosperm proteins while antibodies from mice on the wheat diet showed strong labelling of the Mr 27,000 and 58,000 bands.
(11) The physical parameters tested were: test weight (TW), endosperm texture (TE), pearling index (IP), 1000 kernel wt (W 1000), infrared reflectance (NIR) and color (Ref).
(12) The objectives of this paper were: to classify 24 modern hybrids of early corn according to endosperm texture and to determine their physical and chemical properties and their relationships.
(13) Thionin concentration in mature endosperm of barley cv.
(14) Ultrastructural studies showed that gamma-zein occurs in high concentrations in the first few subaleurone cells of nonmodified endosperms, but high concentrations of gamma-zein occur in the subaleurone and central endosperm cells of modified opaque-2 mutants.
(15) Glb2 transcripts are found only in the developing embryo, and not in endosperm, seedling, or unfertilized ears.
(16) Blocks of embedded caryopses were sectioned, exposing the endosperm tissue, and stained with iodine potassium iodide (IKI) and Calcofluor White.
(17) The kinetics of [35S]methionine incorporation into the major organelle fractions of 3-day-old endosperm tissue showed that the endoplasmic reticulum was immediately labelled, whereas a lag period preceded the labelling of mitochondria and glyoxysomes.
(18) DHPS mRNAs complementary to the cDNA were detected in RNA isolated from developing maize endosperm and embryo tissues.
(19) Pretreatment of intact castor bean endosperm tissue with tunicamycin partially inhibits the cotranslational core glycosylation step and results in the accumulation of a single sized unglycosylated precursor polypeptide of relative molecular mass 59 000.
(20) With the Ph and D methods it was difficult to distinguish between corn with hard, intermediate and soft texture endosperm.