(a.) Pertaining to, or founded upon, experiment or experience; depending upon the observation of phenomena; versed in experiments.
(a.) Depending upon experience or observation alone, without due regard to science and theory; -- said especially of medical practice, remedies, etc.; wanting in science and deep insight; as, empiric skill, remedies.
Example Sentences:
(1) The issue of the Schizophrenia Bulletin is devoted to articles representing this full range of conceptual and empirical work on first-episode psychosis.
(2) The authors empirically studied the self-medication hypothesis of drug abuse by examining drug effects and motivation for drug use in 494 hospitalized drug abusers.
(3) It is time to start over with an approach to promoting wellbeing in foreign countries that is empirical rather than ideological.
(4) In later years, the church built a business empire that included the Washington Times newspaper, the New Yorker Hotel in Manhattan, Bridgeport University in Connecticut, as well as a hotel and a car plant in North Korea.
(5) Comparisons between predicted and observed results of studies using different coalition paradigms show considerable empirical support for the model.
(6) Though the concept of phase, known also as focus, is a very helpful notion, its empirical foundation is yet very weak.
(7) This empirical fact has in recent years been increasingly dealt with in pertinent German-language literature, the discussion clearly emphasizing the demand that programmes aimed at the vocational qualification of unemployed disabled persons be provided, along with accompanying measures.
(8) The current work utilizes an empirical relationship between HbO2 saturation measurements and reflected light oximetry, which is consistent with the two-flux theory of Kubelka and Munk (Z.
(9) Energy conformational calculations on these compounds were also carried out using the empirical energy program called MOLMEC, in order to better understand how the 4-R substituents modulate receptor binding affinities and efficacies.
(10) The resultant scales were administered to a small sample for preliminary empirical testing.
(11) We conclude that the concept of the limbic system cannot be accepted on empirical grounds.
(12) Based on a large, ongoing empirical research effort to determine factors associated with the successful community adjustment of troubled adolescents leaving residential treatment, this paper focuses on multiple indicators of success measured at multiple points of time in the treatment process.
(13) Given that patient preferences constitute a central concept within the framework of HRQL, further empirical evaluation of utility measures of preference is fundamental to improving the HRQL measurement tool-kit.
(14) The discovery of this vast tranche of documents has prompted historians to suggest that a major reappraisal of the end of Britain's empire will be required once these materials have been digested – a "hidden history" if ever there were one.
(15) The similarities in methods of intervention found in the work of investigators of very different theoretical persuasion raise the possibility that most treatment methods owe more to empirical clinical experience than to their presumed derivation from a theoretical model.
(16) This study is directed toward the empirical elaboration of four of these issues as they relate to adjustment in the community.
(17) The Assyrian Empire, though it did fluctuate in strength, had gone down finally over six hundred years before this scene is set.
(18) In addition to a detailed description of the method, examples for its applications are given, including concomitant investigations of the same cells by empirical staining, immunostaining, and fluorescence histochemistry of biogenic monoamines; colocalization of multiple peptides to the same cells and corresponding specificity controls; three-dimensional reconstructions based upon immunostained serial semithin sections; quantitative (computer-assisted) determinations of immunoreactivities.
(19) The purpose of this study was to test an empirically based prediction model of school dropout on a sample of 137 juvenile delinquents, some who have dropped out and some who have remained in school.
(20) Comparison with other pinch strength studies established that although force magnitudes may be strongly influenced by specific experimental conditions, empirical relationships among different pinch forces are fairly stable and predictable.
Empiricism
Definition:
(n.) The method or practice of an empiric; pursuit of knowledge by observation and experiment.
(n.) Specifically, a practice of medicine founded on mere experience, without the aid of science or a knowledge of principles; ignorant and unscientific practice; charlatanry; quackery.
(n.) The philosophical theory which attributes the origin of all our knowledge to experience.
Example Sentences:
(1) Whether it was Sénac or Wenckebach who first observed that quinine could change an irregular heart rhythm (atrial fibrillation) into a regular one (sinus rhythm), we are not far from their empiricism.
(2) The diversity of opinions among participants suggests a high level of empiricism in the development of ulcer healing drugs apart from those that inhibit acid secretion.
(3) Phlebology has made considerable efforts to free itself from empiricism in recent years.
(4) The authors urge that patients suffering from from facial paralysis should be referred to O.-R.-L. departments right from the start and not when all other methods of treatment have been tried, often with reprehensible empiricism, and found unsuccessful.
(5) At best, therefore, such reports are fraught with empiricism, illustrating only the experiences of individual clinicians.
(6) Advances made in recent years bring up the question of knowing whether or not logic is near to replacing empiricism.
(7) In Keynes' model, saving was a positive function of income, and, from both cross-section studies and casual empiricism, it was obvious that the savings ratio rose as income increased.
(8) A review of microcirculatory model useds, theoretical approaches to decompression, and order of magnitude calculations indicates that present empiricisms are inadequate for predicting such supersaturation phenomena.
(9) A review of antimicrobial drug trials shows that empiricism is still ahead of science and more studies are needed both to justify current practice and to make future changes logical.
(10) This empiricism probably arises from inadequate understanding of processes of mucosal injury and repair.
(11) This eliminates much of the empiricism of our preceding model, and minimizes the number of experimental runs now required in order to apply the model in practice.
(12) This form of evaluation provides specific information about fetal red blood cell antigen status and the degree of fetal anemia at an earlier gestational age than that validated by the Liley curves and eliminates empiricism from both the diagnosis and treatment of the isoimmunized pregnancy.
(13) The therapeutic possibilities for psoriasis are multiple; they are based on experience and on empiricism and are harmless for the patient, or on the known pharmacodynamic action which limit their use.
(14) The belief that propositions should be consistent with facts – empiricism – is far from universally held, let alone practised.
(15) The major perspectives in the scientific mode, namely, mechanism, empiricism, logical positivism, and logical empiricism, were analyzed along the three dimensions of theory development, sources of knowledge, and methodology.
(16) Based on philosophical concepts of logical empiricism which had been established in philosophy at the beginning of our century the operational psychiatric diagnosis was developed.
(17) An understanding of the basic principles can remove most of the empiricism from freeze-drying and lead to more efficient process cycles and to products of superior quality and stability.
(18) Freud himself had tried to reject classifications of psychoanalysis as a non- or pseudoscience by maintaining a sort of foundationist empiricism, which is philosophically problematic in several respects.
(19) In accordance with Freud's own conception of a theory of the unconscious, philosophy of science has discussed psychoanalysis mainly in terms of classical empiricism and foundationism.
(20) The authors examine and critique the methodological underpinnings and programmatic goals of DSM-III's underlying doctrine--strict empiricism.