(1) In the present study, buccal ganglion neurons 5 were examined following exposure of animals to conditions that induce estivation, a behavioral state exhibited by these freshwater snails in nature.
(2) Conditioned medium promoted sprouting by intact neurons in vitro in a manner quantitatively and qualitatively similar to that observed in vivo during estivation.
(3) Standard bicarbonate ranged from a low of 8.6 mMol-L-1 (P plasma) at pH 7.5 in an awake fish to 49.6 mMol-L-1 (P) in an estivating fish.
(4) Blood respiratory properties have been studied in awake and estivating African lungfish, Protopterus amphibius.
(5) The P50 value in blood from awake fish was 33 mm Hg at pH 7.5 compared to 9 mm Hg for the estivating fish.
(6) The important involution of the pineal gland of Glis glis and Eliomys quercinus during the months of july and august belongs to a polyglandular involution (anterior lobe of the hypophysis, male and female genital glands) characteristic of estivation.
(7) The concentration of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin did not change in estivation; however, a significant elevation of norepinephrine in the diencephalon and dopamine in the telencephalon was observed in starvation.
(8) Surprisingly, sprouting activity occurred in some neurons (31%) in normal animals, this being transiently elevated (to 71%) after 4 days of estivation.
(9) The oxygen-binding characteristics and the multiplicity of the stripped hemoglobiin from active lungfish Protopterus amphibius, are the same as in specimens that have been estivating for about 30 months, showing that alteration in the hemoglobin molecules is not involved in the earlier reported increase in oxygen affinity of whole blood during estivation (Johansen et al., '76).
(10) Starvation and estivation were associated with significant declines in the protein content of the diencephalon and medulla.
(11) The taxi drivers' leader, Alain Estival, has responded that there'll be uproar if the number exceeds 400.
(12) Mr Estival is also concerned that creating 1,500 new cabbies will severely dent the market in taxi licences.
(13) First, blood from estivated animals was tested for trophic activity.
(14) Group 1 was fed normally, group 2 was starved while aquatic, and group 3 was allowed to enter into a state of estivation.
(15) Elasmobranch fishes, the coelacanth, estivating lungfish, amphibians, and mammals synthesize urea by the ornithine-urea cycle; by comparison, urea synthetic activity is generally insignificant in teleostean fishes.
(16) The Na+ concentration was the same for active and estivating frogs.
(17) Estivation (shallow torpor) in the round-tailed ground squirrel (Citellus tereticaudus) is entered through electrophysiologically defined states of sleep.
(18) Annual variations of the northern limit of Anopheles arabiensis, in the Sahelo-Saharan region including some oasis, are related to temporary breeding places produced by seasonal rainfall, after estivation during the dry season or after a long migration with the wind.
(19) These mechanisms, their interactions, and the regulatory signals (e.g., second messenger molecules, pH) that coordinate them form a common molecular basis for metabolic depression in anoxia-tolerant vertebrates (goldfish, turtles) and invertebrates (marine molluscs), hibernation in small mammals, and estivation in land snails and terrestrial toads.
(20) Hematocrit, O2 capacity and blood hemoglobin concentration increased by about 50% during estivation.
Stasis
Definition:
(n.) A slackening or arrest of the blood current in the vessels, due not to a lessening of the heart's beat, but presumably to some abnormal resistance of the capillary walls. It is one of the phenomena observed in the capillaries in inflammation.
Example Sentences:
(1) The main objective of these experiments was to develop and characterize a new experimental model of venous thrombosis, and determine whether a combination of vascular wall damage (crushing with hemostat clamps) and prolonged stasis produced more reproducible clots than prolonged stasis per se.
(2) This retrospective study of forty-six patients with stasis dermatitis found a 60.9 percent incidence of at least one significantly positive patch test reaction.
(3) Therefore, it appears that other processes, such as aggregation or stasis within tissues, may well be related to initiation of stone disease.
(4) Histological examination of the liver, spleen and kidneys showed congestion and stasis of blood in them, especially in glomerular vessels.
(5) Sixty-one patients had faecal stasis and 23 patients had diverticular disease.
(6) Escin was tested in the stasis edema, cotton-pellet-granuloma, and UV-erythema, i.e., in test models which seem specially suited to characterize the properties of this substance.
(7) In all burn wounds, there exists a zone of stasis which shows progressive microvascular deterioration.
(8) Intestinal stasis and mixing of urine and meconium may be predisposing factors for the calcification of meconium.
(9) The stasis of pancreatic juice in the ductal tree may result in such findings in the WHHL rabbit.
(10) The Fc-R+ and C3b-R+ mononuclear nonadherent cells were less represented in lymph in chronic stasis than in normals.
(11) In orthopaedic patients, DIC can develop following trauma (crush injuries), tissue necrosis, fat embolism, gram-negative or gram-positive sepsis, and venous stasis (bedrest).
(12) The pathological findings included intestinal stasis, intestinal blockage, acute intestinal rupture and intestinal rupture with peritonitis.
(13) The release of proinflammatory and vasoactive mediators such as leukotrienes (LT), thromboxanes, platelet activating factor (PAF), endothelins and others has been thought to be involved in the pathomechanism of mucosal injury, especially damage to the microvascular endothelium, increased vascular permeability, reduction in mucosal blood flow, vascular stasis, tissue ischemia and glandular cell necrosis.
(14) The plethysmographic measurement of the back flow apart from the phlebography of the arm is recommended for the diagnosis and control of the course of the stasis of the axillary vein.
(15) Chronic idiopathic gastric stasis can be responsible for unexplained dyspepsia.
(16) The diagnosis can be made by demonstrating abrupt cutoff of veins in the cavernous region, preferred retrograde flow of the anterior cavernous sinus, direct venous hemorrhage, and venous stasis.
(17) Sampling conditions (venous stasis, body position) contribute as does the handling of the blood sample before it reaches the laboratory, for example whether an anticoagulant is used and haemolysis, clearly meals have a major effect on serum triglycerides, but even when fasting there is probably also diurnal variation.
(18) There seems to be little evidence for permanent liver damage but very definite evidence for bile stasis and transient morphological changes.
(19) This reduction in flow is probably due to stasis in these superficial vessels, perhaps secondary to vascular damage.
(20) This haemoconcentrating effect of venous stasis seemed to be more pronounced in females than in males.