What's the difference between fund and surplus?

Fund


Definition:

  • (n.) An aggregation or deposit of resources from which supplies are or may be drawn for carrying on any work, or for maintaining existence.
  • (n.) A stock or capital; a sum of money appropriated as the foundation of some commercial or other operation undertaken with a view to profit; that reserve by means of which expenses and credit are supported; as, the fund of a bank, commercial house, manufacturing corporation, etc.
  • (n.) The stock of a national debt; public securities; evidences (stocks or bonds) of money lent to government, for which interest is paid at prescribed intervals; -- called also public funds.
  • (n.) An invested sum, whose income is devoted to a specific object; as, the fund of an ecclesiastical society; a fund for the maintenance of lectures or poor students; also, money systematically collected to meet the expenses of some permanent object.
  • (n.) A store laid up, from which one may draw at pleasure; a supply; a full provision of resources; as, a fund of wisdom or good sense.
  • (v. t.) To provide and appropriate a fund or permanent revenue for the payment of the interest of; to make permanent provision of resources (as by a pledge of revenue from customs) for discharging the interest of or principal of; as, to fund government notes.
  • (v. t.) To place in a fund, as money.
  • (v. t.) To put into the form of bonds or stocks bearing regular interest; as, to fund the floating debt.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) This may have significant consequences for people’s health.” However, Prof Peter Weissberg, medical director of the British Heart Foundation, which funded the work, said medical journals could no longer be relied on to be unbiased.
  • (2) At the heart of the payday loan profit bonanza is the "continuous payment authority" (CPA) agreement, which allows lenders to access customer bank accounts to retrieve funds.
  • (3) The International Monetary Fund, which has long urged Nigeria to remove the subsidy, supports the move.
  • (4) Neal’s evidence to the committee said Future Fund staff were not subject to the public service bargaining framework, which links any pay rise to productivity increases and caps rises at 1.5%.
  • (5) It comes as the museum is transforming itself in the wake of major cuts in its government funding and looking more towards private-sector funding, a move that has caused some unease about its future direction.
  • (6) The Department for International Development (DfID) defines funding provided under the VUP as "financial aid to government".
  • (7) Last week the WHO said the outbreak had reached a critical point, and announced a $200m (£120m) emergency fund.
  • (8) She was clearly elected on a pledge not to cut school funding and that’s exactly what is happening,” Corbyn said.
  • (9) That’s a criticism echoed by Democrats in the Senate, who issued a report earlier this month criticising Republicans for passing sweeping legislation in July to combat addiction , the Comprehensive Addiction and Recovery Act (Cara), but refusing to fund it.
  • (10) The organisation initially focused on education, funding the Indian company BYJU’s, which helps students learn maths and science, and the Nigerian company Andela, which trains African software developers.
  • (11) Similarly, I would like to see fully funded and resourced public services.
  • (12) It is anomalous that the world is equipped with global funds to finance action on infectious diseases and climate change, but not humanitarian crises.
  • (13) Two years later, Trump tweeted that “Obama’s motto” was: “If I don’t go on taxpayer funded vacations & constantly fundraise then the terrorists win.” The joke, it turns out, is on Trump.
  • (14) For further education, this would be my priority: a substantial increase in funding and an end to tinkering with the form of qualifications and bland repetition of the “parity of esteem” trope.
  • (15) The green fund contributions already announced (which include a $3bn pledge by the US and a $1.5bn pledge by Japan revealed during the G20 summit) “show very clearly that if we want the emerging countries and the more fragile countries to participate in this global growth, we have to ... support them,” Hollande said.
  • (16) Part of his initial lump sum will be donated to a fund to replace a hall destroyed by fire in an arson attack four years ago at St Luke’s Church in Newton Poppleford.
  • (17) #kflead May 21, 2014 The King's Fund IKS (@kingsfund_lib) Hope you enjoyed @GregSearle2012 's #kflead workshop!
  • (18) In 2013 it successfully applied for a Visa Innovation Grant , a fund for development and non-profit organisations seeking to adopt or expand the use of electronic payments to those living below the poverty line.
  • (19) We know that from the rapid take up of crowd funded renewables investors are actively looking for a more secure option.
  • (20) "If necessary we will promote and encourage new laws which require future WHO funding to be provided only if the organisation accepts that all reports must be supported by the preponderance of science."

Surplus


Definition:

  • (n.) That which remains when use or need is satisfied, or when a limit is reached; excess; overplus.
  • (n.) Specifically, an amount in the public treasury at any time greater than is required for the ordinary purposes of the government.
  • (a.) Being or constituting a surplus; more than sufficient; as, surplus revenues; surplus population; surplus words.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Richard Hill, deputy chief executive at the Homes & Communities Agency , said: "As social businesses, housing associations already have a good record of re-investing their surpluses to build new homes and improve those of their existing tenants.
  • (2) They also said no surplus that built up in the scheme, which runs at a £700m deficit, would be paid to any “sponsor or employer” under any circumstances.
  • (3) Quoting the BBC-commissioned survey of more than 2,000 adults, Lyons said they had been given six choices what to do with the licence fee surplus once digital switchover was complete.
  • (4) The Tories plan to start running a surplus from 2018.
  • (5) Any surplus food left over goes to anaerobic digestion energy plants, which turn food waste into electricity.
  • (6) He still insists that the nation will return to surplus by 2020 – a make-or-break target that will define the success or failure of his fiscal mission.
  • (7) He shares any dificit or surplus remaining at the end of the year.
  • (8) These surplus chromophores become esterified and are temporarily taken up by the pigment epithelium to be re-entered into the visual cycle as fast as they can be processed by the regenerative machinery of the rod outer segments.
  • (9) In the midst of this catastrophe, the troika is insisting on further austerity to achieve massive primary budget surpluses of 3% in 2015, 4.5% in 2016 and even more in future years.
  • (10) George Osborne’s hopes of securing a budget surplus by the time of the next general election rest on continuing high levels of net migration to Britain, the Office for Budget Responsibility has made clear.
  • (11) Industry surplus is hard to avoid, but what Community Shop shows is that if we all work together we can make sure that surplus food delivers lasting social good."
  • (12) However, he became surplus to requirements under Steve Bruce and followed Paulo da Silva and David Healy out of the Stadium of Light.
  • (13) Transfection with B beta cDNA not only increased the synthesis of B beta chain but also increased the rate of synthesis of the other two component chains of fibrinogen and maintained surplus intracellular pools of A alpha and gamma chains.
  • (14) The possibility that Osborne could adopt a flexible approach surfaced when John McDonnell, the shadow chancellor, asked him whether he would adopt a “less excessive surplus target”.
  • (15) Off came defensive midfielder Claudio Yacob, rendered surplus to requirements by the dismissals of Afellay and Adam, and on went forward Rickie Lambert.
  • (16) "The forces of capitalism are squeezing out anything that doesn't focus on extracting as much surplus value as it can from people and the planet.
  • (17) The persona that emerged during day two of Breivik's 10-week trial was a rambling, repetitive obsessive, fixated on a threat he never truly managed to articulate, but which involved "cultural Marxists", whom he claimed had destroyed Norway by using it as "a dumping ground for the surplus births of the third world".
  • (18) Even in zoos voted the best in Europe, the Captive Animals’ Protection Society has pointed out, there can be enough evidence of animals behaving abnormally, or a casual approach to culling any surplus, to avoid them or, ideally, close them down.
  • (19) Then you happen on a large notice board festooned with flyers and cards, many offering help, companionship and solidarity to those who have been deemed surplus to the requirements of consumerism.
  • (20) In the medium term, Athens will have to aim at a 3.5% primary surplus.