(n.) A rare metallic element, found in certain zinc ores. It is white, hard, and malleable, resembling aluminium, and remarcable for its low melting point (86/ F., 30/C). Symbol Ga. Atomic weight 69.9.
Example Sentences:
(1) Gallium-67 imaging is useful in the management of patients with malignant lymphoma, despite its obvious limitations.
(2) Although gallium nitrate inhibited cell growth in Tf-free medium, cellular proliferation was restored by Fe-NTA.
(3) The amount of gallium in 'blood-free' tissues was measured by correcting for gallium in residual blood and an estimate of intestinal absorption was then made by summing the values for all tissues examined.
(4) Gallium arsenide has proved to be an ideal substrate material for some uses but is associated with unique health hazards.
(5) In the culture enriched with both gallium and iron (III), X-ray fluorescence spectra revealed a gradual decrease of gallium from the spent fluid as growth progressed.
(6) The concentrations of arsenic (As) and gallium (Ga) in solution and the As-GA ratio on the surface of the GaAs increased continuously as the time of contact with the aqueous solution increased.
(7) No evidence of lymphomatous involvement of lymph nodes and non-lymphoid organs was found by CT scan, ultrasound echography and gallium scan of the chest and abdomen.
(8) As a prerequisite for preparing bispecific antibody conjugates containing anti-tumor and anti-metal chelate binding sites that can be used for pretargeted immunoscintigraphy, monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) have been raised against an octahedral metal chelate synthetized from gallium (Ga) and the hexadentate ligand N,N'bis[2-hydroxy 5-(ethylene beta carboxy) benzyl] ethylenediamine N,N' diacetic acid (Ga-HBED-CC).
(9) The technique of 67-gallium scintigraphy appears of value in assessing the intra-abdominal spread of malignant tumors of the testes.
(10) Although initial clinical trials of 72Ga were unproductive, subsequent studies with 68Ga and 67Ga, together with advances in nuclear medical instrumentation, resulted in the identification of gallium radionuclides as effective tumor- and abscess-localizing agents.
(11) In this group, gallium was not incorporated into the post-operative hematoma.
(12) To evaluate whether one can predict the course and prognosis of interstitial lung diseases from lung gallium-67 (67Ga) uptake, we studied 31 subjects with sarcoidosis and 28 with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) retrospectively.
(13) Analysis of the inflammatory exudates showed that most of the gallium was in the noncellular fraction (2,500-g supernatant) in both sterile and bacteria-induced inflammation.
(14) Gallium-67 imaging has also been used to detect abdominal neoplasms, but results are less impressive.
(15) To investigate the mechanism of gallium-67 uptake in lung granulomatosis, we studied 13 rats in which lung granulomatosis was induced by injection of complete Freund adjuvant (CFA) and 14 controls.
(16) Often, the severity of symptoms led to persistent evaluation with noninvasive tests such as gallium scan, intravenous pyelogram, or barium enema.
(17) The serum gallium concentrations required to inhibit the tumor growth may be higher in small cell lung carcinomas than in nonsmall cell lung carcinomas.
(18) This report confirms that sodium pertechnetate Tc 99m is the most sensitive agent for diagnostic and therapeutic evaluation of patients with Kaposi sarcoma and suggests taht gallium citrate Ga 67 or bleomycin 111In may be useful in the differentiation of Kaposi sarcoma from lymphoma.
(19) Twenty male rats were trained to run on a treadmill and were exposed to gallium-67 oxide (67Ga2O3) particles (0.1 micron activity median diffusion diameter) for 30 min while running at 30 m min-1.
(20) A series of 39 gallium scintigrams was retrospectively reviewed by the authors and reported without knowledge of the patients' clinical condition.
Mercury
Definition:
(n.) A Latin god of commerce and gain; -- treated by the poets as identical with the Greek Hermes, messenger of the gods, conductor of souls to the lower world, and god of eloquence.
(n.) A metallic element mostly obtained by reduction from cinnabar, one of its ores. It is a heavy, opaque, glistening liquid (commonly called quicksilver), and is used in barometers, thermometers, ect. Specific gravity 13.6. Symbol Hg (Hydrargyrum). Atomic weight 199.8. Mercury has a molecule which consists of only one atom. It was named by the alchemists after the god Mercury, and designated by his symbol, /.
(n.) One of the planets of the solar system, being the one nearest the sun, from which its mean distance is about 36,000,000 miles. Its period is 88 days, and its diameter 3,000 miles.
(n.) A carrier of tidings; a newsboy; a messenger; hence, also, a newspaper.
(n.) Sprightly or mercurial quality; spirit; mutability; fickleness.
(n.) A plant (Mercurialis annua), of the Spurge family, the leaves of which are sometimes used for spinach, in Europe.
(v. t.) To wash with a preparation of mercury.
Example Sentences:
(1) There is a considerably larger variability of the mercury levels in urine than in blood.
(2) Mercury compounds and EDTA were found to be potent inhibitors of proteinase yscJ activity.
(3) The effects of postnatal methyl mercury exposure on the ontogeny of renal and hepatic responsiveness to trophic stimuli were examined.
(4) The fact that it is still used is regrettable yet unavoidable at present, but the average quantity is three times less than the mercury released into the atmosphere by burning the extra coal need to power equivalent incandescent bulbs.
(5) As yet the observations demonstrate that workers exposed in their occupation to heavy metals (cadmium, lead, metalic mercury) and organic solvents should be subjected to special control for detection of renal changes.
(6) Concern about the safety of the patient and dental personnel does exist, however, due to the possibilities of mercury poisoning.
(7) In order to determine the specific action of cadmium on bone metabolism, the effect of cadmium on alkaline phosphatase activity, a marker enzyme of osteoblasts, was compared with that of other divalent heavy metal ions, i.e., zinc, manganese, lead, copper, nickel and mercury (10 microM each), using cloned osteoblast-like cells, MC3T3-E1.
(8) Inorganic mercury as HgSO4 or HgCl2, at dietary levels up to 200 p.p.m.
(9) An analysis of the clinical markers indicated no clear relationship between elevated urinary mercury concentrations and kidney dysfunction.
(10) In vivo the administration of captopril prevented the toxic effects of mercury poisoning on membrane permeability, oxidative phosphorylation and Ca++ homeostasis.
(11) Histological changes were similar in inorganic and methyl mercury treated fish except the higher intensity observed in the latter treatment.
(12) Unlike other eukaryotic enzymes, the plant enzyme showed no activation with organic mercurials and was inhibited by urea and KCl.
(13) Postoperative APR improved to 86.3 millimeters of mercury and ABI to 0.63 (p less than 0.05).
(14) Attempts to induce mercury resistance in the aerobic isolates were successful, but no induction was seen in the anaerobes.
(15) High concentrations of mercury, cadmium, and lead have also been observed in urban soils.
(16) In the presence of peripheral vasodilatation, adequate blood flow can be expected after such bypass grafts at blood pressures as low as 80 millimeters of mercury and hypotension per se does not produce vascular steal.
(17) A transistor radio activated by a mercury switch was used to reinforce head posture in two retarded children with severe cerebral palsy.
(18) This species, therefore, seems to be about twice as sensitive to the neurotoxic properties of methyl mercury salts as the laboratory rat.
(19) Under this condition, MeHg- and Hg(++)-induced increases in fluorescence were associated with depolarization of psi p. A second approach was used to assess changes in psi p. In synaptosomes, the magnitude of the increase in fluorescence resulting from depolarization of psi p with a stimulus of constant intensity is a function of the resting psi p. The fluorescence response to depolarization of synaptosomes previously exposed to either MeHg or Hg++ (1-20 microM each) was reduced in a concentration-dependent manner relative to mercury-free controls.
(20) Of the tubular cell ultrastructures, the lysosome was the most sensitive to mercury, and there was a close relation between the excretion of urinary mercury and the mercury detoxication mechanism of the kidney.