What's the difference between gerund and supine?

Gerund


Definition:

  • (n.) A kind of verbal noun, having only the four oblique cases of the singular number, and governing cases like a participle.
  • (n.) A verbal noun ending in -e, preceded by to and usually denoting purpose or end; -- called also the dative infinitive; as, "Ic haebbe mete to etanne" (I have meat to eat.) In Modern English the name has been applied to verbal or participal nouns in -ing denoting a transitive action; e. g., by throwing a stone.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) A gerund is a verb ending in -ing that acts as a noun: I like swimming, smoking is bad for you, and so on.
  • (2) A research on the acquisition of morphemes of plural, diminutive, augmentative, gerund, imperfect, and preterite with 109 Spanish children from 3 to 6 is reported.
  • (3) Thirty years on from the riots, one walks up Prince's Avenue, past what was the incinerated Rialto and the sign into Toxteth, and yet another sign promising imminent arrival into the "Regeneration Zone", and showing pictures of a perfect cereal-packet multiracial family, pristine modern houses and beautifully refurbished original stock – beneath which is the inevitable crass slogan that accompanies every corporate or political effort these days, always beginning with a pretentious gerund, in this case: "Creating neighbourhoods for the future".
  • (4) Four hundred and twenty-seven deaf students (age 10 to 19 years) and 60 hearing children (age eight to 10 years) judged the grammaticality of sample sentences which contained infinitival or gerundive complements.
  • (5) 7 Don't fear the gerund Geoffrey Willans and Ronald Searle's guide to life at St Custard's school , How to Be Topp, features a cartoon in which a gerund attacks some peaceful pronouns, but it is nothing to be afraid of.

Supine


Definition:

  • (a.) Lying on the back, or with the face upward; -- opposed to prone.
  • (a.) Leaning backward, or inclining with exposure to the sun; sloping; inclined.
  • (a.) Negligent; heedless; indolent; listless.
  • (n.) A verbal noun; or (according to C.F.Becker), a case of the infinitive mood ending in -um and -u, that in -um being sometimes called the former supine, and that in -u the latter supine.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Subjects then rested supine until 10.00 h when blood was again taken, and blood pressure recorded.
  • (2) The adaptive filter processor was tested for retrospective identification of artifacts in 20 male volunteers who performed the following specific movements between epochs of quiet, supine breathing: raising arms and legs (slowly, quickly, once, and several times), sitting up, breathing deeply and rapidly, and rolling from a supine to a lateral decubitus position.
  • (3) Gross deformity, point tenderness and decrease in supination and pronation movements of the forearm were the best predictors of bony injury.
  • (4) At the end of the baseline period, supine diastolic blood pressure (SuDBP) was 105-140 mm Hg on hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) 25 mg once daily and placebo t.i.d.
  • (5) To determine if computed tomography (CT) can accurately measure lung volume, we compared lung gas volume measured by helium dilution with the equivalent volume calculated from CT total lung volume and density in 13 supine dogs.
  • (6) The inverse relation between PGE2 and NE for the difference in hormone concentrations between supine and sitting (r=-0.44, p less than 0.05) may be explained by an inhibitory effect of PGE2 on renal NE release, earlier observed in experiments in vitro.
  • (7) A significant effect for pirenzepine was seen for episodes greater than 5 min (t = 2.61, P = 0.023) and a trend towards significance was seen for total (upright and supine positions combined) percent time of reflux (t = 2.13, P = 0.055).
  • (8) Nine patients were admitted to the hospital, placed on a diet containing 150 mEq sodium, and studied for periods of 4 hours, on different days, in the following conditions: (1) supine position, (2) upright posture (UP), (3) UP after 10 mg domperidone, intravenously in bolus, and (4) UP after 3 days of domperidone, 30 mg orally.
  • (9) In 25 patients we evaluated the efficacy of the prone position to counter these technical difficulties and found that the prone position offers visualization superior to the supine, especially in obese and uncooperative patients and those with abundant bowel gas.
  • (10) One hundred and twenty blood pressure measurements were taken from each subject with two different instruments (one on each arm) in a 2 (supine or standing position) X 2 (left or right arm) X 3 (three different sets of pairwise instrument comparisons) X 5 (five one-minute interval measurements per phase) factorial design.
  • (11) Supine and erect blood pressure (sphygmomanometer) measurements and side effects were noted at the same times.
  • (12) A positive linear correlation was obtained between increase in plasma osmolality and plasma ANP in the supine but not in the seated hypertonic saline infusion.
  • (13) Arterial blood gas tensions were measured in the supine position 15 minutes after administration of the tetracaine solution and 15 minutes after turning patients to the knee-chest position.
  • (14) Whole body tilt from supine to 45 degrees head-up was associated with increased heart rate and an insignificant rise in MABP in both groups, although a rise in plasma AVP occurred in control subjects only.
  • (15) Asymmetrical gait pattern with mild gait disturbance was found more often in infants lying in supine than in prone.
  • (16) changes in supine BP at 3 months compared with baseline were -15.7 (3.6) mmHg systolic and -13.9 (2.7) mmHg diastolic in the ketanserin group and -26.6 (7.9) mmHg systolic and -15.2 (2.7) mmHg diastolic in the metoprolol group.
  • (17) Near maximal supine exercise for 10 min on a bicycle ergometer caused a small increase in plasma renin activity during exertion with a much larger increase during recovery which reached a peak between 10-20 min.
  • (18) Seven healthy volunteers were exposed to head-down tilt at -15 degrees for 5 h. Before and after exposure they exercised on a bicycle ergometer in the supine and seated positions.
  • (19) Fifteen normal volunteers were scanned transversely in the supine position before and after intravenous administration of glucagon (1 mg) and oral administration of water.
  • (20) The data were compared with data on 500 patients scanned only when supine.