(n.) One who, or that which, helps, aids, assists, or relieves; as, a lay helper in a parish.
Example Sentences:
(1) The results indicate that OA-bearing macrophages primed T cells and generated helper T cells, whereas the culture of normal lymphocytes with soluble OA in the absence of macrophages generated suppressor T cells.
(2) Stable factor-dependent B-cell hybridomas were used to monitor the purification of the growth factor from the supernatant of a clonotypically stimulated mouse helper T-cell clone.
(3) Cyclosporine is a fungal endecapeptide of novel chemical structure that causes preferential inhibition of T helper cells.
(4) T cells admixed in the germinal centers were overwhelmingly of the T-helper type.
(5) The data indicate that activated helper T cells are required and sufficient to give rise to the inflammatory infiltrates that are characteristic of the inflammations and exacerbations in human rheumatoid arthritis.
(6) It was demonstrated that antigen specific helper T cell activity was promoted by diazepam administration in mice.
(7) Although T cells exposed to antigen in B-depleted LN of mu sm and irradiated mice gave negligible T proliferative responses in vitro, low but significant levels of primed T helper function were detected in a sensitive T helper assay in vivo.
(8) The neoplastic T cells of three patients had helper activity on both PWM- and IL-2-driven Ig synthesis, and in addition produced IL-2 in response to PWM stimulation.
(9) Analysis of mice injected with helper-free P90A virus stocks demonstrates that the variants are generated during viral replication in vivo, probably as a consequence of error-prone reverse transcription.
(10) The role played by macrophages in two effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the immune system of the mouse-substitution for helper T cells and induction of B-cell mitosis-has been investigated.
(11) These steps include soluble antigen processing and presentation and as a result reduced production of IL-4 and IL-1-Inducer Factor ("IL-1-IF") by the T-helper cells and reduced production of IL-1 and IL-2 by the antigen presenting cell population.
(12) LEW rats immunized with each of the three DA MHC chains produced alloantibodies to these chains, suggesting that indirect allorecognition did occur, because of the requirement for cognate recognition of B cells by T helper cells.
(13) These effects appear to be due to both T helper-dependent regulation and to a mitogenic activity associated with the parasites themselves.
(14) An immunohistologic study showed that the psoriatic plaques contained an infiltrate composed mainly of activated helper T lymphocytes.
(15) These and previous results support the hypothesis that decreased IL-2 production by both T-helper and NK cells from CML patients may be mechanistically related to the observed NK-cell immunodeficiency in CML patients.
(16) It is suggested that the capacity of large doses of L3T4+ cells to protect mice against lethal GVHD is a reflection of T helper function: the cellular immunity provided by the donor L3T4+ cells enables the host to repel pathogens entering through damaged mucosal surfaces, with the result that GVHD becomes sublethal.
(17) Therefore, Leu 7+ (Leu 3+) germinal-center cells are distinct from "classic" T-helper cells of blood and lymphoid tissues.
(18) The addition of concanavalin A-stimulated supernatants of the helper T cell clone, D9.1, to cultures of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated T-depleted mouse spleen cells caused more than a 100-fold increase in immunoglobulin (Ig) E production.
(19) Microcultures of helper T (Th) cells and a few appropriately primed murine B cells can be used to detect cognate T-B interactions which lead to clonal production of IgM, IgG1, and IgE.
(20) CD4+ helper T cells predominated in all tumors except melanomas, which had more CD8+ cytotoxic T cells.
Hepper
Definition:
(n.) A young salmon; a parr.
Example Sentences:
(1) In the stem bark of Strychnos dolichothyrsa Gilg ex Onochie et Hepper (Loganiaceae) the following alkaloids were found: bisnor-dihydrotoxiferine, bisnor-C-curarine, bisnor-dihydrotoxiferine N-oxide and bisnor-dihydrotoxiferine di-N-oxide.
(2) Three alkaloids of the stem bark of Strychnos dolichothyrsa Gilg ex Onochie et Hepper (Loganiaceae) were isolated and identified as caracurine V and its mono- and di-N-oxide by comparison with synthesized compounds.