(n.) A figure of speech by which one form of a noun, verb, or pronoun, and the like, is used for another, as in the sentence: "What is life to such as me?"
Example Sentences:
(1) A comparative study was performed for isoelectric and electrophoretic spectra blood serum albumin of parental breeds of chickens and their heterosis hybrids --broiler cocks.
(2) Heterosis and recombination effects were not significant for milk production or milk composition.
(3) Heterosis with multiplicative action between loci implies multiplicative accumulation of heterosis present at individual loci in part I, in addition to multiplicative (a x a)-interaction in part II.
(4) Effects of maternal heterosis were positive for both prenatal and postnatal survival.
(5) These results support the hypothesis that heterosis in cattle for traits related to growth and size is due to dominance effects of genes.
(6) The possible explanations for heterosis and heterozygous advantage have included the hypothesis that the metabolic versatility of heterozygotes for functional alleles of structural genes would enhance resistance to environmental insult, i.e.
(7) Heterosis effects in animals of all ages for reproductive traits in F1 dams producing F2 progeny differed among the three composite populations, as did heterosis retained in combined F2 and F3 dams producing F3 and F4 progeny.
(8) Heterosis for postweaning growth rate was 3.9% (P less than .01) and for slaughter weight 5.0% (P less than .01).
(9) Variables important for selection were determined by breeding value, individual and maternal heterosis, parity, size of birth litter, sex, age of dam, genetic and environmental relationships between variables, and common litter, permanent, and random environmental effects.
(10) The growth rate of the steers differed in the two environments; however, heterosis for slaughter weight was of the same magnitude in both environments.
(11) Percent direct heterosis for body weight was larger in the selected crosses relative to the control crosses through 31 days of age, but the trend was reversed by 63 days.
(12) Direct heterosis tended to be larger than maternal heterosis in both selected and control crosses.
(13) Data on 135 young bulls from a two-breed group diallel experiment involving double-muscled (DM) and normal (N) cattle were analyzed to obtain estimates of heterosis, maternal and direct effects for carcass traits.
(14) Differences in dimer stabilities in vivo would affect the total GPI-1 levels in heterozygotes and could account for non-additive inheritance but would be insufficient to explain heterosis for GPI-1 activity.
(15) The effects of maternal heterosis and maternal and grandmaternal breed effects on cumulative lifetime number and weight of calves weaned per cow entering the breeding herd were evaluated for 172 reciprocal crossbred and 156 straightbred cows of the Hereford, Angus, and Shorthorn breeds.
(16) Hypothesis 1: Heterosis is a consequence of a more efficient hybrid metabolic system in that it can produce more product with equal input.
(17) Allelic effects are assumed to be additive on the scale of enzyme activity, heterosis arising whenever a heterozygote has a mean level of activity closer to optimal than that of other genotypes in the population.-A new measure of genetic divergence between populations is proposed, which is readily interpreted genetically, and increases approximately linearly with time under centripetal selection, drift and mutation.
(18) Average maternal heterosis, though generally positive, was not significant for carcass traits on either an age-constant or weight-constant basis.
(19) Sixteen inter-related F1 hybrids were individually compared with their parents, revealing the presence of large amounts of dominance and heterosis for the various competitive parameters, all directed towards improved competitive ability.
(20) When additive X additive effects were ignored, total heterosis was significant for earlier day born, heavier birth weight, preweaning and postweaning gain, and heavier and fatter carcasses.
Hybridization
Definition:
(n.) The act of hybridizing, or the state of being hybridized.
Example Sentences:
(1) These data suggest that the hybrid is formed by the same mechanism in the absence and presence of the urea step.
(2) We propose that this dependence on coexpression reflects the association between the LTA::STa hybrids and LTB subunits.
(3) Five probes of high specificity to individual chromosomes (chromosomes 3, 11, 17, 18 and X) were hybridized in situ to metaphase chromosomes of different individuals.
(4) By hybridization studies, three plasmids in two forms (open circular and supercoiled) were detected in the strain A24.
(5) In the present study, the expression of type IV collagen associated with the basal membrane (BM) was studied histochemically (indirect immunoperoxidase-antiperoxidase) in cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) lesions (diagnosed using in situ DNA hybridization) of different grades.
(6) The expression of the mRNA for mouse testicular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-X) was examined by RNA:cDNA hybridization in situ in the testis and by Northern analyses of meiotic and postmeiotic spermatogenic cell populations.
(7) Thermal stabilities (Tm's) of the hybrid between the 2'-O-methyl ribooligomer and the complementary ribooligomer and of the related hybrids are compared.
(8) Five of them had a fast-moving Eco RI fragment 5.6 kb long that hybridized with zeta-specific probe but not with alpha-specific probe.
(9) DNA from 9% (47 of 529) of the E. coli colonies tested hybridized with the ST probe, whereas only 5% (28 of 529) produced ST as measured by the suckling mouse bioassay.
(10) Northern hybridization analysis of R. toruloides RNA with a restriction fragment encoding part of the PAL gene indicates that PAL mRNA is 2.5 kilobases in length.
(11) Furthermore, these data support our previous suggestion that the expression of human lymphoid differentiation antigens in human-mouse lymphoid hybrids is influenced by the differentiation stage of the fusion partners.
(12) Using as little as 0.2 ml of human blood per culture plate, we successfully cloned hybridomas and established a hybrid cell line producing anti-peroxidase antibody.
(13) In situ hybridization of SMG sections showed that Aeg-1 and Aeg-2 transcripts are produced by the cells of granular convoluted tubules.
(14) Recently, it has been proposed that beta-adrenergic receptors of rat fat cells are neither beta 1 nor beta 2 in character but rather an 'isoreceptor,' 'hybrid,' or 'beta 3' [Br.
(15) A plaque hybridization assay was adapted to rotavirus.
(16) We isolated soft agar colonies (a-subclones) and sub-clones from foci (h-subclones) of both hybrids, and, as a control, subclones of cells from random areas without foci of one hybrid (BS181 p-subclones).
(17) Moreover, nick-translated [32-P]-pCS75, which is a pUC9 derivative containing a PstI insert with L and S subunit genes (for RuBisCO) from A. nidulans, hybridizes at very high stringency with restriction fragments from chromosomal DNA of untransformed and transformed cells as does the 32P-labeled PstI fragment itself.
(18) The Thy-1.2 antigen, expressed on the surface of the lymphoma parent but not the fibroblast parent, was not detected on the hybrids.
(19) These images were previously determined by using a recently developed hybrid optical-digital method.
(20) The probe encoding LHCPII hybridizes to RNAs of 9.5 and 6.6 kb on northern blots of total RNA while the 3'-end probe hybridizes only to the 6.6 kb RNA.