(n.) A condition of overgrowth or excessive development of an organ or part; -- the opposite of atrophy.
Example Sentences:
(1) We conclude that chronic emphysema produced in dogs by aerosol administration of papain results in elevated pulmonary artery pressure, which is characterized pathologically by medial hypertrophy of small pulmonary arteries.
(2) The severity and site of hypertrophy is important in determining the clinical picture and the natural history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).
(3) A NYHA-class greater than II was observed in 18% of patients with type-I hypertrophy, in 29% with type II, but in 61% with type III (p less than or equal to 0.05).
(4) All patients with localized subaortic hypertrophy had left ventricular hypertrophy (left ventricular mass or posterior wall thickness greater than 2 SD from normal) with a normal size cavity due to aortic valve disease (2 patients were also hypertensive).
(5) Light microscopy of both apneics and snorers revealed mucous gland hypertrophy with ductal dilation and focal squamous metaplasia, disruption of muscle bundles by infiltrating mucous glands, focal atrophy of muscle fibers, and extensive edema of the lamina propria with vascular dilation.
(6) However, in benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) cases, a high false positive rate of 41% was observed in Americans.
(7) We conclude that aging alone has little or no effect on the responsiveness to insulin of glucose metabolism in fat cells and that the insulin resistance of adipocytes from obese older rats is due to fat cell hypertrophy, not aging.
(8) Dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica - an epiphyseal developmental disturbance of the skeleton - is combined with exostose-like, tumor-simulating cartilaginous hypertrophy of bone tissue, mainly located at the epiphyses of the lower extremities and at the tarsal bones.
(9) Hypertrophy is restricted to subdivisions of the inferior olive included in recurrent cerebello-mesencephalic-olivary circuits.
(10) Renal hypertrophy was induced in mice by injection of testosterone.
(11) Contribution of proliferation and hypertrophy of the epitheliocytes to the growth and regeneration of the rat parathyroid glands was estimated using organo- and cytometry, cytophotometry of DNA content in the nuclei and determination of mitotic index.
(12) Ultrastructurally, the atrial myocardial cells in all three patients were hypertrophied, and two patients had evidence of focal cell degeneration; the atrium was markedly dilated, but atrial arrhythmias were not noted.
(13) When the same dose of ISO was administered to rats with aortic constriction the rise in labelled Ca uptake by the hypertrophied myocardium of the left ventricle was greatly reduced.
(14) Golgi complex hypertrophy follows fertilization, and this increased activity continues throughout early embryogenesis.
(15) We studied DNA (mtDNA) replication in adult female rat hearts undergoing hypertrophy secondary to constriction of the ascending aorta.
(16) Four hours after infusion, the animals displayed a clinical and pathological pattern which closely resembled post-traumatic acute respiratory distress syndrome, including hypoxia, hypocarbia, thrombocytopenia, increased pulmonary capillary permeability to albumin, interstitial edema, hypertrophy of alveolar lining cells, and intra-alveolar hemorrhage.
(17) Twenty-one of the 22 patients showed systolic anterior movement of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve on a cineangiogram and the papillary muscles and left ventricular wall were moderately to severely hypertrophied in 18 patients.
(18) Persisting diastolic dysfunction with a substantial rise in left ventricular filling pressure can be observed during dynamic exercise in postoperative patients with preoperative severe pressure overload hypertrophy.
(19) Water restriction of HYD birds for 5 days as adults stimulated tubule hypertrophy but not to the same extent as the chronic regimen and with no evidence for hyperplasia.
(20) The diagnosis was considered established, when the patient had a significant left intraventricular pressure gradient (LIPG) and by angiographic and or echocardiographic demonstration of systolic anterior movement of the mitral valve and asymmetric septal hypertrophy.
Individual
Definition:
(a.) Not divided, or not to be divided; existing as one entity, or distinct being or object; single; one; as, an individual man, animal, or city.
(a.) Of or pertaining to one only; peculiar to, or characteristic of, a single person or thing; distinctive; as, individual traits of character; individual exertions; individual peculiarities.
(n.) A single person, animal, or thing of any kind; a thing or being incapable of separation or division, without losing its identity; especially, a human being; a person.
(n.) An independent, or partially independent, zooid of a compound animal.
(n.) The product of a single egg, whether it remains a single animal or becomes compound by budding or fission.
Example Sentences:
(1) It is supposed that delta-sleep peptide along with other oligopeptides is one of the factors determining individual animal resistance to emotional stress, which is supported by significant delta-sleep peptide increase in hypothalamus in stable rats.
(2) Standardization is possible after correction by the protein content of each individual section.
(3) Although the mean values for all hemodynamic variables between the two placebo periods were minimally changed, the differences in individual patients were striking.
(4) We examined the karyotype in five individuals of roe-deer (Capreolus capreolus), coming from Southern Moravia.
(5) The effects of sessions, individual characteristics, group behavior, sedative medications, and pharmacological anticipation, on simple visual and auditory reaction time were evaluated with a randomized block design.
(6) We have amended and added to Fabian's tables giving a functional assessment of individual masticatory muscles.
(7) Five probes of high specificity to individual chromosomes (chromosomes 3, 11, 17, 18 and X) were hybridized in situ to metaphase chromosomes of different individuals.
(8) Parents of subjects at the experimental school were visited at home by a community health worker who provided individualized information on dental services and preventive strategies.
(9) The absorption of ingested Pb is modified by its chemical and physical form, by interaction with dietary minerals and lipids and by the nutritional status of the individual.
(10) A progressively more precise approach to identifying affected individuals involves measuring body weight and height, then energy intake (or expenditure) and finally the basal metabolic rate (BMR).
(11) Both apertures were repaired with great caution using individual sutures without resection of the hernial sac.
(12) We have investigated the increase in the spcDNA population upon cycloheximide treatment of individual sequences, which are found to amplify differentially.
(13) However, the groups often paused less and responded faster than individual rats working under identical conditions.
(14) Microelectrodes were used to measure the oxygen tension (PO2) profile within individual spheroids at different stages of growth.
(15) In this phase the educational practices are vastly determined by individual activities which form the basis for later regulations by the state.
(16) In the case of nonspecific loading highly trained individuals may have low VT values close to the level characteristic for normal subjects.
(17) These data, then, indicate that the ability to produce C3NeF autoantibody is present from the time of birth in normal individuals.
(18) A mean difference for individual patients between the first and second recording within 5 mm Hg was observed in 49.3% and 52.1% of patients for 24-hour systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively.
(19) Patients served as their individual control based on observations of at least 1 year before the study.
(20) However in the deciduous teeth from which the successional tooth germs were removed, the processes of tooth resorption was very different in individuals, the difference between tooth resorption in normal occlusal force and in decreased occlusal force was not clear.