(n.) Internal or true state; essential nature; as, the inwardness of conduct.
(n.) Intimacy; familiarity.
(n.) Heartiness; earnestness.
Example Sentences:
(1) The maximum amplitude of the inward Na+ current, normalized by cell capacitance, is about sixfold larger, on the average, in LP lactotropes than in SP lactotropes.
(2) In contrast with oligodendrocytes, [Cl-]i in astrocytes is significantly increased (from 20 to 40 mM) above the equilibrium distribution owing to the activity of an inward directed Cl- pump; this suggests a different mechanism of K+ uptake in these cells.
(3) The differentiated neuroblastoma cell possesses characteristics of an electrically excitable cell and can generate propagated potential spikes in which Ca2+ is the inward charge carrier.
(4) This response seemed to be triggered mainly by the influx of Ca2+ through L-type Ca2+ channel activated by membrane depolarization, which was caused by the ATP-induced inward current.
(5) I have equated nationalism with racism, xenophobia, inward-looking-ness and militarism.
(6) From this, and previous studies indicating a dependency of contraction frequency on the inward verapamil-sensitive Na influx, it is suggested that the drugs modify the automaticity of this preparation by a primary influence on membrane Na exchange.
(7) We used two experimental techniques to study the effect of lidocaine hydrochloride on the early inward transient (sodium) current as it is reflected by the maximum rate of change of action potential phase 0 (Vmax).
(8) Ca2+ inward currents evoked by membrane depolarization have been studied by the intracellular dialysis technique in the somatic membrane of isolated dorsal root ganglion neurones of new-born rats.
(9) Furthermore, clonidine can abolish, in reversible fashion, the acetylcholine-activated inward current determined with patch-clamp.
(10) In the type II response kainate caused prominent inward currents at -60 mV in Na(+)-free, 10 mM-Ca2+ solution.
(11) The kinetics of the membrane current during the anomalous or inward-going rectification of the K current in the egg cell membrane of the starfish Mediaster aequalis were analyzed by voltage clamp.
(12) L-type ICa, an inward-going sustained current, was activated with depolarization more positive than -25 mV.
(13) Displacements of the hair bundle towards the taller stereocilia generated inward-going m-e.t.
(14) At low concentrations, the current-voltage relations are inwardly rectifying, but they become more ohmic if a small amount of divalent cations is added externally.
(15) Divalent cations (2 mM-Ni2+, 1 mM-Ba2+ or 2 mM-Ca2+) reduced only the outward current in the Tris Na(+)-free solution, while in the 150 mM-Na+ solution, they reduced both the inward and outward components of the current which had a reversal potential of around -10 mV.
(16) Large negative-going pulses elicited proportionally larger inward currents that decayed during the pulse with voltage-dependent kinetics.
(17) In the absence of Ca2+ (but with Mg2+ present) the inward current disappeared but a large, inactivating outward current appeared when V greater than 0 mV.
(18) -57 mV) induced a large voltage-dependent inward current which has been identified as the K current through the anomalous rectifier (Ianomal.).
(19) In most cells superfused with 10 mM-Ca2+, a transient inward Ca2+ current was evoked by a step depolarization to potentials more positive than -65 mV from a holding potential of -100 mV.
(20) In the affective realm, the Rorschach scores reflected the predicted decrease in uncontrolled expression of affect, increase in controlled expression of affect, and increase in inwardness.
Pith
Definition:
(n.) The soft spongy substance in the center of the stems of many plants and trees, especially those of the dicotyledonous or exogenous classes. It consists of cellular tissue.
(n.) The spongy interior substance of a feather.
(n.) The spinal cord; the marrow.
(n.) Hence: The which contains the strength of life; the vital or essential part; concentrated force; vigor; strength; importance; as, the speech lacked pith.
(v. t.) To destroy the central nervous system of (an animal, as a frog), as by passing a stout wire or needle up and down the vertebral canal.
Example Sentences:
(1) Finally, fosinopril had no effect on the pressor or chronotropic effects of norepinephrine (NE) or 1,1-dimethyl-4-phenylpiperinium (DMPP) or electrical stimulation of the sympathetic ganglia of pithed rats.
(2) Relatively weaker GUS activity was also detected in pith parenchyma.
(3) Both d- and l-amphetamine were also compared for their pressor and tachycardic activity in pithed rats.
(4) Intravenous administration of T-2 to pithed rats did not alter blood pressure or heart rate at a time when, in conscious rats, both blood pressure and heart rate were increased.
(5) Monoiodo-Ang II was found to be a potent, full agonist in in vivo bioassays and a more potent (2.5-fold) pressor agent than the native hormone Ang II in the pithed rat.
(6) APP 201-533 [3-amino-6-methyl-5-phenyl-2(1H)-pyridinone] was investigated in vivo in anesthetized and unanesthetized dogs and pithed open-chest cats and in vitro in guinea pig atria and papillary muscles, skinned muscle fibers from pig hearts, and rat myocardium.
(7) The effects of quinpirole, a specific dopamine DA2 receptor agonist, on autonomic nervous control of heart rate, were studied in normotensive pithed rats, by analysing its action on the tachycardia and bradycardia evoked by electrical stimulation of the cardioaccelerator (10 V; 1 ms; 0.5, 1, 3, 6 Hz) and vagus (10 V; 1 ms; 3, 6, 9 Hz) nerves respectively.
(8) Pith cells can shift from the C- to the C+ state by a process known as habituation.
(9) The pressor actions of ET3 and arginine vasopressin (AVP) were compared with one another in pithed rats in the presence of the calcium channel activator BAY K 8644 or the calcium channel antagonist nifedipine i.a.
(10) Both human endothelin 1 (ET1) and rat endothelin 3 (ET3) produced dose-dependent pressor effects in the pithed rat.
(11) Viprostol did not antagonize the tachycardia induced by stimulation of the discrete segments at C7-T1 (cardio-accelerator) of the spinal cord in pithed SHR, suggesting that viprostol did not activate the presynaptic alpha-adrenoceptors.
(12) In pithed rats, the vasopressor response to dihydroergotoxine was reduced competitively by yohimbine, and non-competitively by nifedipine, but not by prazosin or methysergide, showing that the vasoconstriction is mediated by alpha 2-adrenoceptors.
(13) The antagonistic effects of a new inositol phosphate derivative, D-myoinositol-1,2,6-trisphosphate (PP56), on pressor responses to preganglionic sympathetic nerve stimulation and exogenously administered phenylephrine or neuropeptide Y (NPY) were investigated in vivo in the pithed rat.
(14) We conclude that in contrast to the increase in diastolic pressure elicited by B-HT 920, calcium channels are not involved in the cirazoline-induced pressor responses in the pithed cat.
(15) Acute or chronic adrenalectomy did not alter the pressor responses and chronotropic effect of angiotensin in the pithed rat.
(16) Habituated cells derived from inducible pith cells give rise to normal plants whose leaf and pith tissues require cytokinin for growth in culture.
(17) The endovenous perfusion of the splenic material in acidified and alkalinized forms caused significant increases of the mean blood pressure in normal, vagotomized and pithed rats, showing that, in contradiction to previous reports, changes in pH did not affect its hypertensive activity.
(18) The dose-response curves of three alpha-agonists noradrenaline, St 587 and B-HT 933 in pithed rats were shifted rightwards by pretreatment (i.v.
(19) In pithed rats, only pindolol produced a definite fall of blood pressure.
(20) The bradycardia was reduced but not blocked by pre-treatment with guanethidine, yohimbine, propranolol or pithing.