(n.) Sugar of milk or milk sugar; a crystalline sugar present in milk, and separable from the whey by evaporation and crystallization. It has a slightly sweet taste, is dextrorotary, and is much less soluble in water than either cane sugar or glucose. Formerly called lactin.
(n.) See Galactose.
Example Sentences:
(1) Peptide:N-glycosidase F removed both the asparagine-linked oligosaccharide chains of ricin B-chain in the absence of lactose.
(2) A relative net reduction of 47% in lactose malabsorption was produced by adding food, and the peak-rise in breath H2 was delayed by 2 hours.
(3) These swine were compared to four groups fed the medicated diet to determine the effect of duration of treatment and degree of animal isolation on the persistence of resistance in lactose-fermenting enteric organisms.
(4) Preliminary results in humans indicate that 3H-I was absorbed to a much greater extent following oral administration of the drug in sesame oil than when admixed with lactose.
(5) Measurements of the lactose repressor over a tenfold range of cell growth rates were made on protein extracts from Escherichia coli cultures grown in media with various carbon energy sources.
(6) A role of lactose synthetase as the rate-limiting enzyme for lactose biosynthesis and the possible significance of the hydrolytic activities are discussed with respect to lactogenesis.
(7) The site I Mn2+, site II Ca2+-activated enzyme has a maximum velocity similar to that of the Mn2+-activated enzyme, and is the enzyme form that must act in lactose synthesis in vivo.
(8) The ABH(+)Le(a-b-) group had higher lactose contents than the other groups (p less than 0.01).
(9) Within that region there were two sequences, 74 and 100 bp long, that showed 46% and 50% identity, respectively, to sequences in the first 600 bp of lacY, the structural gene for the lactose permease.
(10) To determine the validity of breath H2 measurements in detecting lactase deficiency, capillary blood glucose and breath H2 were measured after ingestion of 50 g lactose in 34 patients with abdominal symptoms or diarrhea.
(11) Stationary-phase cells of Escherichia coli were enumerated by the pour plate method on Trypticase soy agar containing 0.3% yeast extract (TSYA), violet red-bile agar, and desoxycholate-lactose agar, and by the most-probable-number method in Brilliant Green-bile broth and lauryl sulfate broth.
(12) Satisfactory calibrations for lactose were obtained with the 2 Milko-scan 203 models with standard errors of estimate of 0.034 and 0.033%.
(13) In trial 1, part 2, supplementation with 4.8% fish meal increased concentration of milk protein and yields of milk, protein, lactose, and SNF.
(14) However, all of the lectins competed for the same binding sites on rabbit erythrocytes, and could be inhibited by the same saccharide haptens (notably lactose and thiodigalactoside).
(15) Hydrogen breath tests were performed in Gabon (Central Africa) after a loading dose of lactose in 67 well-nourished African children (50 with intestinal parasites and 17 unparasitized) and in 18 unparasitized young adults.
(16) Starting from peracetylated chloro- or bromo-glycosyl donors of N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, glucose and lactose, the corresponding p-formylphenyl glycosides were synthesized stereospecifically under phase transfer catalysed conditions at room temperature in yields of 38-67%.
(17) Lactose H2 breath test seems less reliable for our purposes because of the possible presence of children with lactase deficiences, hardly comparable with the mucosal damage.
(18) While the hemagglutination activity of each of the previously described lactose-binding snake venom lectins is inhibited by reducing agent, the activities of BML and JML are not affected by reducing agent.
(19) Since the latter may lead to avoidance of calcium sources and may exacerbate the bone disease in populations at risk, we studied lactose tolerance and histomorphometrically analyzed undecalcified transiliac bone biopsies in a consecutive group of postmenopausal women with the osteoporotic spinal compression fracture syndrome.
(20) A comparison has been made between the physiology and amino acid sequence of the lactose carriers of Klebsiella pneumoniae M5a1 and Escherichia coli K-12.
Maltose
Definition:
(n.) A crystalline sugar formed from starch by the action of distance of malt, and the amylolytic ferment of saliva and pancreatic juice. It resembles dextrose, but rotates the plane of polarized light further to the right and possesses a lower cupric oxide reducing power.
Example Sentences:
(1) One surprising finding is that the MAL1g-encoded maltose permease exhibits little sequence homology to the MAL1-encoded maltose permease though they appear to be functionally homologous.
(2) To gain further insight into the side chain requirement at position 177 that confers maltose recognition, further substitutions of isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, proline, and serine have been made via site-directed mutagenesis.
(3) Whereas fructokinase I was induced specifically by growth of the organism on sucrose, fructokinase II was derepressed during growth on ribose, galactose, maltose, and lactulose.
(4) After 2 hr of reperfusion, maltose absorption and weight gain of small intestine were determined.
(5) Maltose-positive strains were only demonstrable in birds with wounds inflicted by cats.
(6) In acting upon beta-D-glucosyl fluoride, maltose phosphorylase was found to use alpha-D-glucose as a cosubstrate but not beta-D-glucose or other close analogs (e.g., alpha-D-glucosyl fluoride) lacking an axial 1-OH group.
(7) One class II mutant carried a Tn10 insertion in or close to malT whereas in the remaining class II mutants the insertions were located at least 4 kb upstream of pulA in a region which may define a new regulatory locus of the maltose operon.
(8) The Cs cob.1 ORF was cloned into the vector pMALcr1 and over-expressed as a hybrid protein fused to maltose-binding protein (MBP).
(9) Monitoring of the intestinal allograft is possible with the combination of a function test (maltose absorption, glucose absorption, or any other function test) and repeated graft biopsy.
(10) Relocation of this segment, in effect, opens the D-glucose channel; maltose and cytochalasin B would thus inhibit transport by mechanisms which block this positional change.
(11) The action pattern on amylose, soluble starch, and glycogen showed that the products were maltose and maltotriose.
(12) The concentration of free glucose in the intestinal lumen during maltose absorption is not high enough to account for the rates of glucose transport observed.
(13) Mutants in malF and malK are defective in maltose transport at low concentrations as well as high concentrations, as previously shown, but are essentially normal in maltose taxis.
(14) Fibers were selected for this experiment, only if they responded to 1.0 M sucrose or 1.0 M maltose and they responded poorly to 0.1 M NaCl.
(15) Under our experimental conditions 20 to 30% of the administered maltose have been excreted and 7.5 to 23.4% have been oxidized within 8 hours.
(16) Renal excretion of sugar measures 25-35% of the maltose administered parenterally.
(17) Domestic and imported honey samples (115) contained 2.00% maltose and 0.71% isomaltose.
(18) SP-D can be selectively and efficiently eluted from isolated rat surfactant with glucose, maltose, and certain other saccharides.
(19) Studies were made on the ultraviolet difference-spectra of glucoamylase from Rhizopus niveus [EC 3.2.1.3] specifically produced by the substrate maltose and the inhibitors, glucose, glucono-1: 5-lactone (gluconolactone), methyl beta-D-glucoside, cellubiose, and cyclohexa-, and cyclohepta-amyloses.
(20) These results suggest that the structure of the reducing glucose is not important in the binding specificity of maltoporin or maltose-binding protein.