(n.) A rigid piece which is capable of turning about one point, or axis (the fulcrum), and in which are two or more other points where forces are applied; -- used for transmitting and modifying force and motion. Specif., a bar of metal, wood, or other rigid substance, used to exert a pressure, or sustain a weight, at one point of its length, by receiving a force or power at a second, and turning at a third on a fixed point called a fulcrum. It is usually named as the first of the six mechanical powers, and is of three kinds, according as either the fulcrum F, the weight W, or the power P, respectively, is situated between the other two, as in the figures.
(n.) A bar, as a capstan bar, applied to a rotatory piece to turn it.
(n.) An arm on a rock shaft, to give motion to the shaft or to obtain motion from it.
Example Sentences:
(1) In this experiment animals were trained to lever press in two distinctive contexts.
(2) Orientation and lever responding were not functionally related.
(3) In older stages, the cervical joints rotate according to geometric and lever arm principles.
(4) In EastEnders , the mystery surrounding the identity of Kat's secret squeeze continues amid the grinding of narrative levers and the death rattle of overflogged script-horses.
(5) Cats were trained to press a lever for 0.5--1.0 ml of milk reward both in the presence and absence of ambient light.
(6) Setting out how Britain would have a lever over the rest of the EU to demand repatriation of UK competences, Cameron said: "What's happening in Europe right now is massive change being driven by the existence of the euro.
(7) When lever pressing was established, the 2-kHz signal was presented through a speaker adjacent to the response lever according to a different set of variable intertrial intervals.
(8) Officials said the changes to the planning rules will mean it is possible to lever in billions of private sector development in low-cost housing.
(9) Rats were allowed to bar press on either of two levers (left and right).
(10) Knee flexion is synchronized with ankle dorsiflexion by a synchronizer rod and lever.
(11) In order to study the interactions between serotonergic mechanism and electrical stimulation of the mesencephalic central gray substance, rats were trained to lever-press for terminating aversive electric stimuli applied at the Periaqueductal gray and adjoining tectum of the mesencephalon.
(12) Rats were trained to press a lever to obtain a brief burst of pulses to the lateral hypothalamus.
(13) But its original meaning is the practice of using the levers of the state and of government to get difficult things done that otherwise wouldn't happen.
(14) Intact rats and rats bearing lesions of the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCNX rats) were trained to obtain food by pressing either of two levers located on opposite sides of a cylindrical cage.
(15) We found that attenuation of lever-pressing and water intake by raclopride were not more separated in dose than after, for example, haloperidol.
(16) Young rats weaned at 16 days were taught to press a lever by shaping at 18 days and trained for 11 days (from 20 to 30 days of age) on a fixed-interval 60-sec schedule, at a rate of 5 half-hour sessions per day.
(17) In contrast, the selective norepinephrine uptake inhibitors, desipramine and talsupram, and the selective serotonin uptake inhibitor, citalopram, occasioned averages of only 13 to 19% drug-lever responding.
(18) When reinforcement was not available, each lever response produced a 0.5-sec green light on the key.
(19) Rats implanted with placebo pellets and given access to morphine reestablished lever pressing, while those given access to isotonic saline extinguished their lever pressing.
(20) Levels of acetylcholine were significantly elevated in the telencephalon and diencephalon + mesencephalon of rats killed by near-freezing during conditioned suppression of food-reinforced lever pressing, whereas levels of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine were not altered.
Target
Definition:
(n.) A kind of small shield or buckler, used as a defensive weapon in war.
(n.) A butt or mark to shoot at, as for practice, or to test the accuracy of a firearm, or the force of a projectile.
(n.) The pattern or arrangement of a series of hits made by a marksman on a butt or mark; as, he made a good target.
(n.) The sliding crosspiece, or vane, on a leveling staff.
(n.) A conspicuous disk attached to a switch lever to show its position, or for use as a signal.
Example Sentences:
(1) The resulting dose distribution is displayed using traditional 2-dimensional displays or as an isodose surface composited with underlying anatomy and the target volume.
(2) The hypothesis that proteins are critical targets in free radical mediated cytolysis was tested using U937 mononuclear phagocytes as targets and iron together with hydrogen peroxide to generate radicals.
(3) The fraction of the viral dose which became cell associated was independent of the incubation temperature and increased with increasing target membrane concentration.
(4) The binding properties of formalin-fixed amelanotic melanoma cells were not identical to those of endothelial or unfixed target cells.
(5) It has been generally believed that the ligand-binding of steroid hormone receptors triggers an allosteric change in receptor structure, manifested by an increased affinity of the receptor for DNA in vitro and nuclear target elements in vivo, as monitored by nuclear translocation.
(6) We sought additional evidence for an inverse relationship between functional CTL-target cell affinity on the one hand, and susceptibility of the CTL-mediated killing to inhibition by alpha LFA-1 and alpha Lyt-2,3 monoclonal antibodies on the other hand.
(7) After midazolam infusion, there was a 50% decrease in amplitude of P3 in response to target tones (P less than 0.006), whereas N3 latency increased by 40 ms (P less than 0.05).
(8) In the absence of an authentic target for the MASH proteins, we examined their DNA binding and transcriptional regulatory activity by using a binding site (the E box) from the muscle creatine kinase (MCK) gene, a target of MyoD.
(9) Despite a 10-year deadline to have the same number of ethnic minority officers in the ranks as in the populations they serve, the target was missed and police are thousands of officers short.
(10) A 24-h test trial employing a dry target demonstrated a robust memory for the training manifested in passive avoidance behavior.
(11) For related pairs, both the primes (first pictures) and targets (second pictures) varied in rated "typicality" (Rosch, 1975), being either typical or relatively atypical members of their primary superordinate category.
(12) The following conclusions emerge: (i) when the 3' or the 3' penultimate base of the oligonucleotide mismatched an allele, no amplification product could be detected; (ii) when the mismatches were 3 and 4 bases from the 3' end of the primer, differential amplification was still observed, but only at certain concentrations of magnesium chloride; (iii) the mismatched allele can be detected in the presence of a 40-fold excess of the matched allele; (iv) primers as short as 13 nucleotides were effective; and (v) the specificity of the amplification could be overwhelmed by greatly increasing the concentration of target DNA.
(13) Charge data from the target hospital showed a statistically significant reduction in laboratory charges per patient in the quarter following program initiation (P = 0.02) and no evidence for change in a group of five comparison hospitals.
(14) Consequently, it is important to predict accurately dose for such fields to ensure adequate coverage of the target region and sparing of healthy tissues.
(15) Three effector: target ratios (6.2:1, 25:1, and 50:1) were studied in quadruplicate using 3, 4 and 5-h incubations.
(16) It is proposed that microoscillations of the eye increase the threshold for detection of retinal target displacements, leading to less efficient lateral sway stabilization than expected, and that the threshold for detection of self motion in the A-P direction is lower than the threshold for object motion detection used in the calculations, leading to more efficient stabilization of A-P sway.
(17) However, since these levels were unaltered by reducing the antiandrogen dosage, the main action of the therapy is probably that of the antiandrogen within the target cells.
(18) We are pleased to see the process moving forward and look forward to its resolution,” a Target spokeswoman, Molly Snyder, said in an emailed statement.
(19) The matter is now in the hands of the Guernsey police and the law officers.” One resident who is a constant target of the paper and has complained to police, Rosie Guille, said the allegations had a “huge impact on morale” on the island.
(20) This article describes a method of selecting a potentially successful strategy using a combination of two factors: change target and level of change willingness and ability.