What's the difference between literal and primer?

Literal


Definition:

  • (a.) According to the letter or verbal expression; real; not figurative or metaphorical; as, the literal meaning of a phrase.
  • (a.) Following the letter or exact words; not free.
  • (a.) Consisting of, or expressed by, letters.
  • (a.) Giving a strict or literal construction; unimaginative; matter-of fast; -- applied to persons.
  • (n.) Literal meaning.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) They are just literally lying.” In August Microsoft severed its ties, saying Alec’s stance on climate change and several other issues “conflicted directly with Microsoft’s values”.
  • (2) Estimated fluid consumption dropped from 10 liters to 4 liters daily and incidents of hyponatremia decreased by 62%.
  • (3) Resting plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine levels were 13.1 and 2.1 nmol liter-1 for the marine toad (Bufo marinus).
  • (4) And we literally had hundreds of thousands of them."
  • (5) Standard additions are unnecessary; Pt concentrations are read from a calibration chart of peak heights, which is linear up to 1.6 mg per liter.
  • (6) Communication issues in obtaining organ donation consent were examined, with particular focus on what are literally life-and-death decisions.
  • (7) It could still be terrorism but it looks as if the aircraft went out of control because the controls were literally burning up.
  • (8) A novel vector was employed which permits rapid and highly efficient cleavage of the GST fusion protein yielding 10 mg of purified PurH product per liter of bacterial culture.
  • (9) You literally never see that at political rallies, though obviously at Tea Party ones they are there all the time."
  • (10) An empirical rate expression was developed from experimental data which led to a prediction that the natural rate of oxidation in the ocean is about 0.023 micromoles of As(III) per liter each year.
  • (11) A technology for preparation of purified concentrates of rabies virus has been developed permitting to use simultaneously dozens of liters of tissue culture virus-containing fluid for the preparation of a concentrate.
  • (12) The maximum effect was obtained with 10(-7) molar gibberellic acid, whereas concentrations greater than 5 x 10(-7) mole per liter were inhibitory.
  • (13) Years ahead of its time, it saw each song presented theatrically, the musicians concealed in the wings (although Bowie said that they kept creeping on to the stage, literally unable to resist the spotlight) and with Bowie performing on a cherry-picker and on a giant hand, both of which kept breaking down.
  • (14) Some women attended the protest wearing jeans and T-shirts, while others took the mission of reclaiming the word "slut" – one of the stated objectives of the movement – more literally and turned out in overtly provocative fishnets and stilettos.
  • (15) But nobody got the reference and "the next day it was literally on CNN".
  • (16) 1.57pm BST Lap 36: Punchy stuff from Jules Bianchi up to 13th, literally bumping his way through Kobayashi on the inside.
  • (17) The majority of children came from low socio-economic homes (61%) with mostly illiterate or semi-literate mothers.
  • (18) As compared with the normoglycemic patients, the patients with hypoglycemia had elevated median plasma concentrations of glucagon (44 vs. 11 pmol per liter; P = 0.001), epinephrine (3400 vs. 1500 pmol per liter; P = 0.012), norepinephrine (7500 vs. 2900 pmol per liter; P = 0.002), and lactate (3.5 vs. 2.1 mmol per liter; P = 0.020) and similar alanine and beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations.
  • (19) Finally, poliovirus experimentally seeded in 20 liters of tape water was recovered from Johns-Manville D79-Johns-Manville D39 or Johns-Manville D79-Filterite 0.45 micron 142-mm filter combinations was a efficiencies of 86 and 85%, respectively.
  • (20) Results concerning existence and uniqueness of equilibria, stability of the equilibria, and boundedness of solutions suggest that "compensatory" systems might not be compensatory in the literal sense.

Primer


Definition:

  • (n.) One who, or that which, primes
  • (n.) an instrument or device for priming; esp., a cap, tube, or water containing percussion powder or other compound for igniting a charge of gunpowder.
  • (a.) First; original; primary.
  • (n.) Originally, a small prayer book for church service, containing the little office of the Virgin Mary; also, a work of elementary religious instruction.
  • (n.) A small elementary book for teaching children to read; a reading or spelling book for a beginner.
  • (n.) A kind of type, of which there are two species; one, called long primer, intermediate in size between bourgeois and small pica [see Long primer]; the other, called great primer, larger than pica.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The following conclusions emerge: (i) when the 3' or the 3' penultimate base of the oligonucleotide mismatched an allele, no amplification product could be detected; (ii) when the mismatches were 3 and 4 bases from the 3' end of the primer, differential amplification was still observed, but only at certain concentrations of magnesium chloride; (iii) the mismatched allele can be detected in the presence of a 40-fold excess of the matched allele; (iv) primers as short as 13 nucleotides were effective; and (v) the specificity of the amplification could be overwhelmed by greatly increasing the concentration of target DNA.
  • (2) Elongation of existing RNA primers by the human polymerase-primase was semi-processive; following primer binding the DNA polymerase continuously incorporated 20 to 50 nucleotides, then it dissociated from the template DNA.
  • (3) This cDNA was obtained because of an identical 10 bp match with the 3' end of one of the GnRH primers.
  • (4) When PCR products in each of the 12 cats were subjected to a second amplification using the same primer pair (two-step amplification: double PCR), FIV proviral DNA was detected in all of the cats.
  • (5) In junctions, 3' PSS termini are preserved by fill-in DNA synthesis, although their 5' recessed ends cannot serve as a primer.
  • (6) Previous studies demonstrated that, when poly(dT).oligo(dA) was used as a template-primer, both proteins were required for poly(dA) synthesis.
  • (7) 5'-Ends of transcripts of the region were located by S1 nuclease mapping and primer extension.
  • (8) Nucleotide incorporation kinetics were determined and sequence specific pausing was analyzed by primer-extension.
  • (9) Primer extension and S1 nuclease protection analysis demonstrate that the hepatic and kidney specific mRNAs are transcriptionally initiated at different sites within the sialyltransferase gene.
  • (10) alpha 1 and alpha 2 were very similar as DNA polymerases in their sensitivity to several inhibitors and their preference for template-primers, except that alpha 1 had a slightly greater preference for poly (dT) X (rA)10 than alpha 2 did.
  • (11) Our results indicate that provirus expression occurs by two different mechanisms: one provirus acquired a single base pair mutation in the retrovirus tRNA primer binding site, permitting provirus expression; expression of three proviruses was mediated by 5'-flanking DNA sequences.
  • (12) Cognate sites in genomes that diverged approximately 100 million years ago can be detected by PCR assays based on primer pairs from unique sequences.
  • (13) HDV cDNA was then directly amplified with Taq polymerase using three pairs of specific primers.
  • (14) This reaction involved the synthesis of a short oligoribonucleotide primer which was then extended into a DNA chain.
  • (15) cDNA was prepared by reverse transcription of peripheral blood mRNA and amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers corresponding to sequences 400 bp apart on the cDNA, spanning the last three exons (X, Y, Z) of the beta-Sp gene.
  • (16) B.subtilis phage M2 uses a protein, instead of RNA, as the primer of its DNA replication.
  • (17) Optimum specific amplification resulted when the primer annealing temperature was 60 degrees C. The gene fragment was amplifiable in 25 different Brucella species and strains.
  • (18) Primer extension experiments show that in fission yeast transcripts are initiated at the same starting point as in tomato, indicating for the first time that a plant promoter can be correctly recognized in fission yeast.
  • (19) Genomic clones for the mouse estrogen receptor have been isolated from a cosmid library and used in conjunction with the cDNA clones to study the expression of the receptor in vivo by RNase mapping, primer extension, and Northern blotting.
  • (20) By using primer 1 (5'-AAAGAATTCATGGAATCCAGGATCTG-3', upstream nucleotides 157 to 2877), primer 2 (5'-AAAGAATTCATGAACGTGAAGGAATCG-3', upstream nucleotides 1846 to 2877), and primer 4(5'-ATAAAGCTTAATCAGACGTTCTCTTCTTC-3', downstream nucleotides 157 to 2877 and 1846 to 2877), the HCMV B gene code region sequence and its glycoprotein 52 kd antigenic domain sequence were amplified from the recombinant plasmid pBH1 DNA containing the HCMV B gene.