(a.) Hurtful; harmful; baneful; pernicious; injurious; destructive; unwholesome; insalubrious; as, noxious air, food, or climate; pernicious; corrupting to morals; as, noxious practices or examples.
(a.) Guilty; criminal.
Example Sentences:
(1) At both 24 h and 1 week, the inflamed paw showed pronounced supersensitivity to the antinociceptive action of morphine against noxious pressure.
(2) "It looks as if the noxious mix of rightwing Australian populism, as represented by Crosby and his lobbying firm, and English saloon bar reactionaries, as embodied by [Nigel] Farage and Ukip, may succeed in preventing this government from proceeding with standardised cigarette packs, despite their popularity with the public," said Deborah Arnott, chief executive of the health charity Action on Smoking and Health.
(3) Noxious conditioning stimulation of a tooth led to a temporary decrease of the threshold for the jaw-opening reflex elicited from a contralateral or adjacent tooth; only conditioning stimulation at an intensity producing a marked arousal reaction was effective in this respect.
(4) Results showed the greatest inhibition of noxious stimulus perception with Innovar-Vet, lesser inhibition with ketamine-xylazine and ketamine-diazepam, and the least obtunding of nociception with pentobarbital.
(5) Furthermore the noxious stimuli were completely ineffective from 10-15 min following the lidocaine injection while the non-noxious stimuli maintained their efficacy.
(6) Experiments using normal human subjects were performed to determine the effect of a putative analgesic, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), on the perception of noxious thermal stimuli and also to examine critically the general applicability of signal detection theory (SDT) to the evaluation of analgesic agents.
(7) Rats inoculated in the tail-base with killed Mycobacterium butyricum developed an arthritic swelling and inflammation of the limbs accompanied by a hyperalgesia to noxious pressure applied thereto.
(8) Complete transection of the thoracic spinal cord eliminated both thermally elicited responses and orienting responses to noxious and tactile mechanical stimulation of the hindlimbs.
(9) This situation has contributed to exposure of sandblasters to hazardous levels of respirable free silica, and is reviewed here to prevent a continuation of the incompatibility of these and other standards for respiratory protection with the actual exposures to various noxious inhalants in the workplace.
(10) Effects of noxious electrical tooth stimulations and intraarterial administration of bradykinin or inhalation of volatile anesthetics on substance P content in the diencephalon-mesencephalon, pons-medulla and the spinal cord were examined in the rat.
(11) Surface airway epithelium is frequently injured by noxious inhaled agents, epithelial wound repair may be an important process by which the epithelial barrier integrity is maintained.
(12) Cough and bronchoconstriction are airway reflexes that protect the lung from inspired noxious agents.
(13) Pb also appeared to unmask an afterdischarge in some neurons following noxious mechanical stimulation.
(14) Neurons were first classified as on-cells if they fired faster during noxious pinch or as off-cells if they fired slower.
(15) These data indicate the antinociception from PAG stimulation is not equally distributed throughout the body, and that the intensity of the noxious stimulus influences the threshold for SPA.
(16) Profound inhibitions of the second phase were also produced by tactile segmental stimulation and noxious stimuli applied to widespread areas of the body (diffuse noxious inhibitory controls).
(17) It hasn't been reported that the neurons in somatosensory area I (SI) may respond to the noxious stimulation.
(18) Stimuli used to activate the cells orthodromically were graded innocuous and noxious mechanical stimuli, including sinusoidal vibration and thermal pulses.
(19) This cannot be explained by metabolic activation of the halogenated hydrocarbons but could be due to a noxious effect on the mitotoc spindle.
(20) Suppression of the tail flick response to noxious heat and paw withdrawal response to noxious pressure were produced by electrical stimulation of arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARH) in pentobarbital anesthetized rats.
Ventilate
Definition:
(v. t.) To open and expose to the free passage of air; to supply with fresh air, and remove impure air from; to air; as, to ventilate a room; to ventilate a cellar; to ventilate a mine.
(v. t.) To provide with a vent, or escape, for air, gas, etc.; as, to ventilate a mold, or a water-wheel bucket.
(v. t.) To change or renew, as the air of a room.
(v. t.) To winnow; to fan; as, to ventilate wheat.
(v. t.) To sift and examine; to bring out, and subject to penetrating scrutiny; to expose to examination and discussion; as, to ventilate questions of policy.
(v. t.) To give vent; to utter; to make public.
Example Sentences:
(1) Heart rate (HR), pulmonary ventilation (V), oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), and respiratory quotient (RQ) were measured.
(2) We studied the hemodynamic changes caused by bronchoscopy under LA in mechanically ventilated patients and the effect of LA on the endoscopic decline in arterial pO2.
(3) They are best explained by interactions between central sympathetic activity, brainstem control of respiration and vasomotor activity, reflexes arising from around and within the respiratory tract, and the matching of ventilation to perfusion in the lungs.
(4) This study compares anaesthesia with controlled ventilation of the lungs with atracurium and alfentanil analgesia with halothane anaesthesia.
(5) In some experiments heart rate and minute ventilation (central vactors) appear to be the dominant cues for rated perceived exertion, while in others, local factors such as blood lactate concentration and muscular discomfort seem to be the prominent cues.
(6) We found that, compared to one- and two-dose infants, those treated with three doses of Exosurf were more premature, smaller, required a longer ventilator course, and had more frequent complications, including patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), intraventricular hemorrhage, nosocomial pneumonia, and apnea.
(7) Mechanical ventilation was soon instituted and several antibiotics and acyclovir were administered intravenously, with marked effects.
(8) Anaesthesia was maintained with artificial ventilation and alcuronium, or spontaneous ventilation with halothane.
(9) The patient and ventilator work ratios, and the work of breathing quantify factors which may be directly useful to the clinician and to future systems to automate weaning.
(10) Ten patients received intercostal nerve blockade on a total of 29 occasions in order to provide analgesia following liver transplantation and to facilitate weaning from artificial ventilation of the lungs.
(11) Ventilation-perfusion lung scans and contrast ascending venography were performed on the sixth to eighth postoperative days.
(12) The rabbits were either breathing spontaneously or were ventilated by a phrenic nerve-controlled servorespirator without the use of muscle relaxants.
(13) Although hypothyroidism is not a common cause of ventilator dependency, it might be more common than we think.
(14) In 8 animals, blood flow was measured during control and sequentially 1, 2, and 3 min after ventilation was stopped.
(15) HFV was delivered at frequencies (f) of 3, 6, and 9 Hz with a ventilator that generated known tidal volumes (VT) independent of respiratory system impedance.
(16) Since the early 1960's nasotracheal tubes have been used for neonates with primary respiratory diseases which necessitated positive pressure ventilation.
(17) Although the level of ventilation is maintained constant during eating and drinking, the pattern of breathing becomes increasingly irregular.
(18) A facility for keeping chickens free of Marek's disease (MD) was obtained by adopting a system of filtered air under positive pressure (FAPP) for ventilation, and by imposing restrictions on entrance of articles, materials and personnel.
(19) No change in breathing frequency, minute ventilation, and pulmonary gas exchange was observed.
(20) During the weaning period after 18 h of mechanical ventilation following open-heart surgery, central haemodynamics, systemic oxygen transport and total oxygen consumption were assessed in a total of 11 patients receiving continuous positive pressure ventilation.