(1) A novel staining procedure for enumerating osteoclasts on neonatal mouse calvaria with the vital fluorescent dye acridine orange is described.
(2) Light microscopic autoradiography after labeling of the cultures with tritiated thymidine showed that both RA and 1,25-(OH)2D3 induced osteoclast differentiation from proliferating and postmitotic precursors.
(3) We have previously shown that multinucleated cells (MNC) with many features of the osteoclast phenotype form in long term human marrow cultures.
(4) Osteoclasts dissolve bone mineral by the vectorial secretion of hydrogen ion at their osseous attachment site.
(5) Superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibited the accumulation of formazan by the isolated osteoclasts.
(6) Addition of extracellular Ca2+ (5 mM CaCl2), a potent osteoclast inhibitor, increased [Ca2+]i in all osteoclasts, but 10(-6) M salmon calcitonin (sCT) did so only in a subpopulation of osteoclasts.
(7) Osteoclasts were isolated from the long bones of neonatal rabbits and cultured on devitalized bovine bone slices for 8, 24, 48 and 72 h with and without prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) (10(-6) M).
(8) Marrow macrophages, at various stages of in vitro maturation, also possess lysozyme mRNA but in amounts approximately two to four times lower than osteoclasts.
(9) The use of diphosphonates (bisphosphonates), a group of potent osteoclast inhibitors, is discussed in some detail.
(10) Dimethylamiloride (100 microM) inhibited bone resorption by 80% and 65% when added at t = 0 or 1 hr after osteoclast adherence, but was without effect when added at t = 3 or 6 hr.
(11) These results provide strong evidence for the osteoclastic nature of the giant cells in this variant of the MFH.
(12) Since the osteoclast plays an important role in the resorption and remodeling of bone in these middle ear diseases, the source, physiology, and local control of these cells are of prime importance in investigating the pathophysiology of these diseases.
(13) The effects of interleukin-1 did not appear to be related to osteoclast precursor proliferation, since hydroxyurea (which inhibits DNA synthesis in these cultures) had no effect on the response of calvaria calavaria increases osteoclast to interleukin-1.
(14) These results indicate that CT activates PKC in osteoclasts and that this activation, like the activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, leads to an inhibition of bone resorption.
(15) Quantitative time-lapse videomicroscopy showed that the CT-induced retraction of osteoclasts also involved activation of the PKC pathway and could therefore be induced by phorbol esters.
(16) Thus, the resorption-antagonizing capacities of EHDP, Cl2MDP and APD reflect metabolic inhibition, with selectivity for the osteoclast resulting from high affinity binding to bone mineral.
(17) NBT staining was detected only in osteoclasts in cultures of resorbing bones.
(18) Band 5 represents the only tartrate-resistant form and is present in bone osteoclasts and in human alveolar macrophages (AMs).
(19) These results suggest that osteoclast resorbs bone by secreting protons through vacuolar H(+)-ATPase.
(20) Hypercalcemia in this model is mediated in part by the effects of PTH-rP to increase osteoclastic bone resorption.
Resorption
Definition:
(n.) The act of resorbing; also, the act of absorbing again; reabsorption.
Example Sentences:
(1) However in the deciduous teeth from which the successional tooth germs were removed, the processes of tooth resorption was very different in individuals, the difference between tooth resorption in normal occlusal force and in decreased occlusal force was not clear.
(2) Resorption of calcium and depositon of inorganic phosphates in the implanted ceramics suggested that ions were being exchanged with the body fluids.
(3) In the last 2 years at our department we have developed a new technique in which the resorption has up to now been minimal.
(4) The inner diameters increased with age in the same way in both obese and control persons, indicating the the former are not protected against osteoporosis in the form of endosteal resorption.
(5) In short term clinical studies, the beneficial effects of transdermal estradiol on plasma gonadotrophins, maturation of the vaginal epithelium, metabolic parameters of bone resorption and menopausal symptoms (hot flushes, sleep disturbance, genitourinary discomfort and mood alteration) appear to be comparable to those of oral and subcutaneous estrogens, while the undesirable effects of oral estrogens on hepatic metabolism are avoided.
(6) The resorption, distribution and elimination of ethanol vary individually.
(7) The animals were sacrificed on the 14th day of pregnancy and implantation and resorption indices were studied.
(8) These changes were accomplished by an increase in sagittal condylar growth and by bone resorption at the posterior part of the mandibular lower border.
(9) This kind of distribution of microfilaments was always associated with resorption lacunae, and F-actin, vinculin, and talin zones correspond roughly to the edge of lacunae.
(10) To determine whether this density gradient shift was due to increased maturation rate of bone or decreased resorption and mineralization rates, [3H]proline and 45Ca were injected 5 days and 24 hours prior to sacrifice, respectively.
(11) Both patients demonstrated dramatic falls in serum calcium concentration, and in urinary calcium and hydroxyproline excretion that were consistent with a reduction in the rate of bone resorption.
(12) It is thought that the mechanisms of resorption are: co-mingling with CSF and redistribution in the more acute variety and in instances of subdural hydromas; and thru the healing and reparative process in the chronic type.
(13) Revascularisation was evaluated with radioactive microspheres; formation of new bone was assessed by incorporation of strontium, and resorption was assessed by measuring the reduction of graft weight.
(14) Bone cement particles promote polyethylene wear, which in turn promotes granuloma formation, bone resorption, and subsequent bone cement disintegration.
(15) Prolonged administration of rat prolactin antiserum resulted in an increase in the incidence of resorptions, but pregnancy was still maintained followed by normal parturition.
(16) Resorption of soft drusen at the macula in response to laser photocoagulation has been demonstrated previously.
(17) Whereas markedly high values of 1, 25-(OH)2D in plasma were found in some cases of primary hyperparathyroidism with prominent bone resorption, relatively low values were seen in some patients with chronic renal failure, senile osteoporosis, osteomalacia and hypercalcemia due to bone metastasis.
(18) The cocarcinogenic effect of cholecystectomy is assumed to be due to the increased production of secondary bile salts by the colonic bacteria and the lacking of the resorptive function of the gallbladder for some carcinogenic substances passing through the liver.
(19) The hands of 29 chronic dialysis patients were evaluated every 3 months for subperiosteal, intracortical, and endosteal bone resorption using fine-detail radiography and optical magnification.
(20) On polyacrylamide gels at pH 8.9 in the absence of sodium dodecyl sulfate, the bone-resorptive protein migrates with the mobility of an alpha 2-globulin.