(n.) A white or pinkish crystalline substance, C6H5OH, produced by the destructive distillation of many organic bodies, as wood, coal, etc., and obtained from the heavy oil from coal tar.
(n.) Any one of the series of hydroxyl derivatives of which phenol proper is the type.
Example Sentences:
(1) The teeth were embedded in phenolic rings with acrylic resin.
(2) The presence of the expected C19 neutral and C18 phenolic steroids was confirmed.
(3) The effect of mycobacterial phenolic glycolipids from Mycobacterium leprae, M. bovis BCG, and M. kansasii on in vitro proliferative responses by human blood mononuclear cells from healthy BCG vaccinees was investigated.
(4) The chemistry involved reaction rate constant measurements of MSF hydrolysis and for reactions with phenolic, amine, oxime, hydroxamic acid, phenyl N-hydroxycarbamate, and hydroxylamine compounds and cupric imidazole and bipyridyl complexes.
(5) In the liver, the major site of benzene metabolism, benzene is converted by a cytochrome P-450-mediated pathway to phenol, the major metabolite, and the secondary metabolites, hydroquinone and catechol.
(6) Except in the case of the phenolic metabolite, structures were confirmed by direct comparison of electron impact mass spectra and chromatographic behaviour with those of authentic samples.
(7) It may be concluded that phenolization of the sympathetic nervous system provides the same results as surgical sympathectomy but has the advantage of lower morbidity and shorter hospitalization (24 h vs 10 days).
(8) It was hypothesized that the observed activity variation of the paracetamol analogues was based on the relative abilities of these compounds to undergo H atom loss at the phenolic oxygen, and on the relative stabilities of the resulting free-radical species.
(9) Lipopolysaccharide content correlated significantly with drug uptake and sensitivity, and it appeared to determine the degree of penetration of the cell envelope by these chlorinated phenols.
(10) Liberation of the polysaccharides from the carrier by treatment with aqueous phenol resulted in loss of the serological activity.
(11) Here we report that phenol hydroxylation to hydroquinone is also catalyzed by human myeloperoxidase in the presence of a superoxide anion radical generating system, hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase.
(12) The 2-substituted phenoxy-6-methoxy-8-aminoquinolines (4-6) were afforded by reduction of the corresponding 8-nitroquinolines (1-3) which were obtained by condensation of 2-chloro-6-methoxy-8-nitroquinoline and substituted phenols.
(13) This report reviews the treatment of pilonidal sinus by phenol injection in 54 patients.
(14) One group of rats was made immunocompetent towards P. aeruginosa by intraperitoneal injection of phenol-killed P. aeruginosa while a second group remained naive to this organism.
(15) These data indicate that the phenolic hydroxyl groups of xanthomegnin might contribute to its uncoupling action on the oxidative phosphorylation of mitochondria.
(16) The coupled dienone-phenol re-arrangement and keto-enol tautomerism of this quinone methide produce the observed 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde.
(17) The phenol metabolites benzoquinone and 1,2,4-benzenetriol both activated the glutathione transferase in microsomes 2-fold independently of added NADPH.
(18) The isolation of plant enzymes is frequently hampered by the presence of phenolic compounds, pigments and mucilages.
(19) An enzyme (EC 2.8.2.1) that catalyses the transfer of sulphate from adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-sulphatophosphate to phenols was purified approx.
(20) Physico-chemical parameters of membranes of skeletal muscles' sarcoplasmic reticulum in antioxidant insufficiency, which was modelled by excluding alpha-tocopherol from the animals ration, and after treatment with phenol antioxidant ionol were studied.
Umbelliferone
Definition:
(n.) A tasteless white crystalline substance, C9H6O3, found in the bark of a certain plant (Daphne Mezereum), and also obtained by the distillation of certain gums from the Umbelliferae, as galbanum, asafetida, etc. It is analogous to coumarin. Called also hydroxy-coumarin.
Example Sentences:
(1) Dimethylsulfoxide inhibits hydrolysis of the nucleotides and of the carboxylic phosphate substrates of the K-phosphatase reaction, but stimulates hydrolysis of the phenolic phosphate substrates (nitrophenylphosphate and umbelliferone phosphate) which normally are hydrolyzed more slowly than the other substrates.
(2) Focal brain pHi and focal cortical blood flow were measured by umbelliferone fluorescence.
(3) The phase reversal of the plasmalemma by umbelliferone is postulated to be through modified hormone receptor complex structure, which is yet to be substantiated.
(4) Using this concentration of umbelliferone, a histochemical study was done to estimate the sequential changes in tissue pH following cold-induced vasogenic brain edema in rats.
(5) A spectrophotofluorometric method is described for the quantitative analysis of coumarin, umbelliferone, and mixtures thereof in whole blood.
(6) Using real-time in vivo umbelliferone fluorescent imaging, cortical intracellular brain pH (pHi) and cortical blood flow (CBF) were measured in New Zealand white rabbits during generalized seizures induced by intravenous metrazole or sodium penicillin.
(7) A study was made in order to improve a new Salmonella identification test (Mucap Test) in which umbelliferone is released, giving a blue fluorescent light under a Wood lamp, after contact with Salmonella colonies.
(8) An alcoholic extract of the seeds of Coronilla varia L. showed inhibitory activity against KB cells in culture and was fractionated through a series of partitions, column chromatography, and preparative layer chromatography to yield hyrcanoside, daphnoretin, scopoletin, and umbelliferone.
(9) In the present study, umbelliferone was used for histochemically estimating the tissue pH in the rat brain.
(10) The clearance curves of umbelliferone, a lipid-soluble intracellular pH fluorescent indicator, from a visually avascular 80-micron field were used to cross-correlate rCBF with focal cortical perfusion.
(11) New methods are presented for the microdetermination of sulfotransferase and sulfatase activities in microdissected samples weighing 0.1 to 4 micrograms dry weight using umbelliferone and 4-methylumbelliferone sulfate as substrates.
(12) A fluorogenic drug reagent (FDR) (beta-galactosyl-umbelliferone-tobramycin) was prepared that is nonfluorescent under the conditions of the assay but is hydrolyzed upon catalysis by beta-galactosidase to yield a fluorescent product.
(13) Spectrophotometric and fluorimetric measurements of the systems A-D indicate that the tested hydroxycoumarins-coumarin, umbelliferone and 6-glucoside umbelliferone or esculin--undergo slow (systems A and B) and fast (systems C and D) consumption, leading to the degradation of coumarins.
(14) Umbelliferone, measuring a much smaller volume of tissue, showed a lower normocapnic flow and a more oblique PaCO2 response curve.
(15) Zn2+, Mn2+ and Pb2+ (as their chloride salts), N-acetylneuraminic acid, 4-methyl-umbelliferone and 2-acetoxybenzoic acid (acetylsalicylic acid) did not act as inhibitors.
(16) Following a 30-min microsomal incubation, 7-ethoxycoumarin, 4-methylumbelliferone (internal standard), and the metabolite umbelliferone were extracted with chloroform.
(17) A novel furanocoumarin, pterybinthinone, the known coumarins pteryxin and umbelliferone, and sucrose were isolated from this plant.
(18) A sensitive and specific fluorimetric method for the determination of 7-hydroxycoumarin (umbelliferone), and its application to liver homogenates and other tissue preparations, are described.
(19) Using protoplasts of guard cells of Vicia faba as model system, we document convincing first hand evidence a that lipid phase alterations could regulate ABA-induced closure of stomates and its reversal by umbelliferone.
(20) The parameters measured included intracellular brain pH and focal cortical blood flow (fCBF)--assessed by the umbelliferone technique--electrocorticograms, and cortical microcirculatory changes.