(n.) The last troop; the rear of an army; a rear guard. Also used figuratively.
(a. & adv.) At or toward the rear.
Example Sentences:
(1) The elongate and slim shape of the trunk provides great mass moments of inertia and that means stability against being flexed ventrally and dorsally by the forward and rearward movements of the heavy and long hindlimbs.
(2) When first bound on the central lamellar surface, Con A-coated particles would diffuse randomly; when such bound particles were brought to the leading edge of the lamella with the optical tweezers, they were often transported rearward.
(3) A characteristic feature of fibroblast locomotory activity is the rearward transport across the leading lamella of various materials used to mark the cell surface.
(4) The rearward increase in intersegmental phase lag is paralleled by a propensity of chains taken from more posterior sections of the nerve cord to exhibit larger phase lags.
(5) The so-called ischaemic reaction is characterized by a typical jump of polar vectors from the left to the right side, which are moved rearwards without usually leaving the right-hand quadrant at the front.
(6) Some were mounted in a rearward firing sled; others were placed in standard cars during collisions.
(7) MY greater than or equal to 1968 cars, which complied with Federal Motor Vehicle Standard 203 (impact protection for the driver) and FMVSS 204 (rearward column displacement), are compared to MY less than or equal to 1966 cars, which did not comply with these standards.
(8) However, rearward seats are only available in limited settings.
(9) Even before the pseudopod attaches, the entire cytoskeleton and villipodia move continuously rearwards in unison toward the cell body.
(10) Only 25 per cent of adults faced rearward compared to 66 per cent of children.
(11) The boundary was also apparent during simultaneous capping and retraction when forward patch transport on the trailing edge and rearward transport of patches across the lamellar surface appeared to converge on the null border.
(12) Our results have implications for cell motility: if the forces used for rearward particle transport were applied to a rigid substratum, cells would move forward.
(13) We have previously reported that rearward migration of surface particles on slowly moving cells is not driven by membrane flow (Sheetz, M. P., S. Turney, H. Qian, and E. L. Elson.
(14) Since children appear willing to face rearward, rear-facing seating in school buses and other vehicles might be acceptable to them and provide safety benefits as well.
(15) The two processes most frequently invoked as explanations for this transport phenomenon, called capping, are (a) retrograde membrane flow arising from directed membrane insertion and (b) rearward cortical cytoskeletal flow arising from cytoskeletal assembly and contraction.
(16) Two types of support-surface perturbation, dorsiflexion rotation (ROT) and rearward translation (TRANS), were employed.
(17) The cytoskeleton of the amoeboid spermatozoa of Ascaris suum consists of major sperm protein (MSP) filaments arranged into long, branched fiber complexes that span the length of the pseudopod and treadmill rearward continuously due to assembly and disassembly at opposite ends of the complexes (Sepsenwol et al., Journal of Cell Biology 108:55-66, (1989)).
(18) The crawling movement of nematode sperm, like that of many other crawling metazoan cells, is accompanied by movement of membrane components from the leading edge of the cell rearward.
(19) These movements are active, not diffusive, and more rapid than either rearward particle transport or the rate of cell locomotion.
(20) When a frontal segment of a microtubule becomes slowed down or attached to the surface, the microtubule begins to fishtail, a process whereby bends form in the frontal part and propagate rearward.
Reverse
Definition:
(a.) Turned backward; having a contrary or opposite direction; hence; opposite or contrary in kind; as, the reverse order or method.
(a.) Turned upside down; greatly disturbed.
(a.) Reversed; as, a reverse shell.
(a.) That which appears or is presented when anything, as a lance, a line, a course of conduct, etc., is reverted or turned contrary to its natural direction.
(a.) That which is directly opposite or contrary to something else; a contrary; an opposite.
(a.) The act of reversing; complete change; reversal; hence, total change in circumstances or character; especially, a change from better to worse; misfortune; a check or defeat; as, the enemy met with a reverse.
(a.) The back side; as, the reverse of a drum or trench; the reverse of a medal or coin, that is, the side opposite to the obverse. See Obverse.
(a.) A thrust in fencing made with a backward turn of the hand; a backhanded stroke.
(a.) A turn or fold made in bandaging, by which the direction of the bandage is changed.
(a.) To turn back; to cause to face in a contrary direction; to cause to depart.
(a.) To cause to return; to recall.
(a.) To change totally; to alter to the opposite.
(a.) To turn upside down; to invert.
(a.) Hence, to overthrow; to subvert.
(a.) To overthrow by a contrary decision; to make void; to under or annual for error; as, to reverse a judgment, sentence, or decree.
(v. i.) To return; to revert.
(v. i.) To become or be reversed.
Example Sentences:
(1) This trend appeared to reverse itself in the low dose animals after 3 hr, whereas in the high dose group, cardiac output continued to decline.
(2) Application of 40 microM NiCl2 reversibly blocked It while leaving Is intact, whereas 20 microM CdCl2 reversibly blocked Is, but not It.
(3) The outward currents are sensitive to TEA and their reversal potentials differ.
(4) With NaCl as the major constituent of the bathing solution (potassium-free pipette and external solutions) the reversal potential (Er) of the noradrenaline-evoked current was about 0 mV.
(5) The HBV infection was tested by the reversed passive hemagglutination method for the HBsAg and by the passive hemagglutination method for the anti-HBs at the time of recruitment in 1984.
(6) If the method was taken into routine use in a diagnostic laboratory, the persistence of reverse passive haemagglutination reactions would enable grouping results to be checked for quality control purposes.
(7) Tests showed the cells survive and function normally in animals and reverse movement problems caused by Parkinson's in monkeys.
(8) In dorsoventral (DV) reversed wings at both shoulder or flank level, the motor axons do not alter their course as they enter the graft.
(9) Head-injured patients had a low thyroxine (T4), low triiodothyronine (T3), and high reverse T3.
(10) Dilutional studies comparing the mechanism of inhibition of monoamine oxidase produced by Gerovital H3 and by ipronizid demonstrated that Gerovital H3 was a reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase.
(11) Nucleotide, which is essential for catalysis, greatly enhances the binding of IpOHA by the reductoisomerase, with NADPH (normally present during the enzyme's rearrangement step, i.e., conversion of a beta-keto acid into an alpha-keto acid, in either the forward or reverse physiological reactions) being more effective than NADP.
(12) An axillo-axillary bypass procedure was performed in a high-risk patient with innominate arterial stenosis who had repeated episodes of transient cerebral ischemia due to decreased blood flow through the right carotid artery and reversal of blood flow through the right vertebral artery.
(13) What reforms there were could also be reversed, she warned.
(14) No reversions to wild-type levels were observed in 555 heterozygous offspring of crosses between homozygous Campines and normals.
(15) We have compared two new methods (a solvent extraction technique and a method involving a disposable, pre-packed reverse phase chromatography cartridge) with the standard method for determining the radiochemical purity of 99Tcm-HMPAO.
(16) Sickle and normal discocytes both showed membrane elasticity with reversion to original cell shape following release of the cell from its aspirated position at the pipette tip.
(17) These antagonists reverse NMDA-mediated long term influence in these brain areas.
(18) For dental procedures requiring tracheal intubation, one could perhaps use non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, like pancuronium, with reversal at the end of the procedure.
(19) We have recently described a nonnucleoside compound that specifically inhibits the reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the causative agent of AIDS.
(20) We have investigated some of the factors which affect the retention times of these substances in reversed-phase HPLC on columns of 5-micron octadecylsilyl silica.