(a.) Serving or having power to refract, or turn from a direct course; pertaining to refraction; as, refractive surfaces; refractive powers.
Example Sentences:
(1) In the group of high myopia (over 20 D), the mean correction was 13.4 D. In the group with refraction between 0 and 6 D, 88% of the eyes treated had attained a correction between -1 and +1 D 3 months postoperatively.
(2) The molar refractivity has been shown to be a superior parameter for the description of the activity of sulphonamides than the sum of electronegativities of atoms making up a heterocyclic substituent in the sulphonamide molecule and molecular weight of the substituent.
(3) A new approach is presented to the refractive procedure by adding observation, both surreptitious and direct, as an adjunct, an aid and a supplement to differential diagnosis in a refractive examination and in visual analysis.
(4) Dioptric aniseikonia was calculated between 1 month and 24 months after surgery (with Gruber's and Huber's computer program) on the basis of most recently obtained values (bulb axis length, depth of the anterior chamber, lens thickness, necessary refraction), and compared with subjective measurements taken with the phase difference haploscope.
(5) These versions offer different advantages and are selected according to the particular field of application and the refraction of the surgeon.
(6) The refraction of his mild hyperopic eyes (+0,5 dpt) changed to -5,5 dpt and the intraocular pressure increased to 40 mm Hg in the right and 42 mm Hg in the left eye.
(7) These observations suggest that refractive anomalies such as anisometropia that limit high frequency spatial resolution and binocular integration can present a major obstacle to the postnatal development of binocular vision.
(8) A retrospective study was performed to evaluate the effect of recipient-donor trephine disparity on refractive error and corneal curvature post-suture removal in keratoconus.
(9) Scientists and clinicians concerned with underwater vision have not considered the relationship between chromatic aberration, water color, and the refractive state of the eye.
(10) As the refractive status changes a curve is traced out on the graph.
(11) The change in refractive astigmatism was as high as 1.50DC (diopter cylinder).
(12) There is a problem in this approach if the angle between the direction of tracked beam and the direction of tracking translation is not zero due to refraction or other effects.
(13) We find good agreement between the model calculations and the experimental results indicating that edge birefringence can be attributed to the change in polarization of light that is refracted and reflected by dielectric interfaces.
(14) The corneal sensibility was examined with the aesthesiometer of Draeger in 41 patients after refractive corneal surgery, 31 patients after radial keratotomy, 5 after epikeratophakia, 5 after excimer laser ablation.
(15) Extraordinarily wide angles were observed in all cases and myopia was a common refractive error.
(16) There was no connection between the cholesterol level, refraction or visual acuity.
(17) The refractive changes in 84 children (155 eyes) following horizontal strabismus surgery and in 97 children (181 eyes) without surgical intervention were studied.
(18) Refractive error and the ocular refractive components have heritabilities intermediate between zero and one, as complied from several studies, indicating familial resemblance, but also non-genetic variation.
(19) Approximately 75% of repeat autorefractor measurements were within 0.50 D of the initial readings, and about 75% of measurements were within 1.00 D of the manual refractions.
(20) The refractive index profile in the equatorial plane of bovine lenses from over a wide age range is presented.
Refractory
Definition:
(a.) Obstinate in disobedience; contumacious; stubborn; unmanageable; as, a refractory child; a refractory beast.
(a.) Resisting ordinary treatment; difficult of fusion, reduction, or the like; -- said especially of metals and the like, which do not readily yield to heat, or to the hammer; as, a refractory ore.
(n.) A refractory person.
(n.) Refractoriness.
(n.) OPottery) A piece of ware covered with a vaporable flux and placed in a kiln, to communicate a glaze to the other articles.
Example Sentences:
(1) During electrophysiologic study, the effect of propafenone on the effective refractory period of the accessory pathway was determined, as well as its effect during orthodromic atrioventricular (AV) reentrant tachycardia and atrial fibrillation.
(2) Some evidence has shown that platelet crossmatching is useful in multitransfused patients with hypoplastic bone marrows who are refractory to platelet therapy through alloimmunization.
(3) The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pretreatment with indomethacin on the refractory period to hypertonic saline-induced bronchoconstriction.
(4) This quantitative characterization of the properties of conduction and refractoriness of both the accessory pathway and ventriculoatrial conduction system and the relation between these characteristics and the accessory pathway location in ART patients provides additional insight into the prerequisites for the initiation and maintenance of this rhythm disturbance.
(5) Lisinopril increases cardiac output, and decreases pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and mean arterial pressure in patients with congestive heart failure refractory to conventional treatment with digitalis and diuretics.
(6) Extracorporeal photopheresis (ExP) was administered every other week in an outpatient setting to four patients with chronic refractory psoriasis vulgaris without arthropathy.
(7) Populations of B. globosus and B. nasutus from Dar es Salaam were refractory.
(8) When caffeine evokes a contraction, and only then, crayfish muscle fibers become refractory to a second challenge with caffeine for up to 20 min in the standard saline (5 mM K(o)).
(9) We present in this preliminary report the early results of therapy for refractory leukemia with an intensive preparative regimen for bone marrow transplantation including etoposide, cytosine arabinoside, cyclophosphamide, and fractionated total body irradiation.
(10) Amiodarone was able to suppress the premature ventricular beats, depress conduction and prolong refractoriness in both, the AV node and accessory pathway to prevent recurrences of atrioventricular reentry.
(11) Once initiated, this refractory state continues to develop even after removal of the light source and is essentially complete within 30 min.
(12) At lower frequencies of stimulation the heart beat is increased to rates dependent on interaction between the time course of the hyperpolarization and the refractory period of the heart.
(13) The results indicate that the conditions which inhibit the initiation of development are present in the Malpighian tubules and not in the midgut of the refractory mosquitoes.
(14) Parenteral cyclophosphamide or corticosteroid pulses should be reserved for cases with vasculitis or refractoriness to conventional drugs.
(15) These data suggest that in terms of prolactin release, prolactin producing tumour cells are intrinsically refractory to hypo thalamic dopaminergic signals.
(16) Pirmenol increased the atrial effective refractory period, but had little effect on conduction in the atrioventricular node and His-Purkinje system.
(17) Estramustine phosphate may be given safely for a prolonged period and has a place in the treatment of advanced prostatic cancer refractory to hormonal therapy.
(18) One or more of the followin factors were present in the "high-risk" group: ventricular dysfunction--ejection fraction less than 0.4, preinfarction angina, evolving infarction, recent infarction (less than 2 weeks), and refractory ventricular tachyarrhythmia.
(19) Although video urodynamics is the state-of-the-art modality for evaluating complex or refractory neurogenic bladder, the practicing radiologist with an understanding of this condition can detect many radiographic changes in the lower urinary tract that suggest neurogenic dysfunction of various types.
(20) Tinidazole (not available in the United States) may be effective in curing refractory cases of metronidazole resistance.