What's the difference between refractor and refractory?
Refractor
Definition:
(n.) Anything that refracts
(n.) A refracting telescope, in which the image to be viewed is formed by the refraction of light in passing through a convex lens.
Example Sentences:
(1) Using it on young children which are unco-operative the Auto-Refractor is not as sufficient as we hoped it to be.
(2) Four subjective measures of the refractive error of 42 eyes (21 patients) were obtained by 2 examiners, one using a Humphrey Vision Analyzer TM and the other using a conventional refractor.
(3) -- The important field of the Auto-Refractor is the routine refractioning of co-operative patients.
(4) However, for aphakic patients and for patients with clear media and cylindric corrections over 0.50 diopters, the automatic refractor can be used as a substitute for retinoscopy in determining the starting point for a subjective refraction.
(5) Eighty patient-volunteers were refracted by the computer-assisted Refractor III system and the results were compared with those obtained by the usual manual method.
(6) The Bausch and Lomb IVEX (Integrated Vision Examination System) is a computerized refractor, designed for both subjective and objective refraction and binocular vision testing.
(7) Automatic refractors are expected to become an essential tool in current ophthalmological.
(8) A Humphrey Automatic Refractor Model 570 was used to measure the impairment of visual acuity for low contrast optotypes as a result of glare for normal subjects and for subjects with cataracts.
(9) The data were also compared with conventional measurements of refractive error obtained by standard subjective techniques and by an automated infrared refractor.
(10) On the other hand we give a report of our experience using the Auto-Refractor 6600, the before-mentioned measurings were performed with.
(11) The results showed that data from the IVEX Refraction System correlated highly with data from the standard refractor, but a small amount (0.25 D to 0.37 D) of instrument myopia was present in most instances.
(12) This error can be directly and readily eliminated only in computer-actuated refractors by including a computer program which calculates the effective power and makes the necessary correction.
(13) The RM 5000 Auto-refractor was evaluated for one year on 3,618 eyes of 2,037 non selected patients undergoing refraction.
(14) A new refraction system employing traditional modes of testing combined with microprocessor-based electronics and new optical technology was evaluated in a controlled study to determine if the instrument produced subjective refractions corresponding to the traditional refractor.
(15) The refractor consisted of a mirror telephoto lens and strobe flash designed to mimic the action of a retinoscope.
(16) The use of automatic refractors under those conditions holds promise for filling the needs in Third World countries, and suggestions are given for adapting these instruments for the particular conditions encountered during this study.
(17) We failed to express viral genome in refractor phase.
(18) Class-3 drugs prolong refractoring in all compartments of the heart by preventing re-entry in both, AV nodal tachycardias and AV re-entry in the WPW syndrome.
(19) These developments formed the basis for invention of a new subjective refractor-the Vision Analyzer- whose novel design and rapid operation are described.
(20) The effective power of sphero-cylindrical combinations in all currently available eye refractors, when powers of eight to ten diopters are exceeded, may differ from the summated labeled power by a quarter diopter or more, which can be clinically significant.
Refractory
Definition:
(a.) Obstinate in disobedience; contumacious; stubborn; unmanageable; as, a refractory child; a refractory beast.
(a.) Resisting ordinary treatment; difficult of fusion, reduction, or the like; -- said especially of metals and the like, which do not readily yield to heat, or to the hammer; as, a refractory ore.
(n.) A refractory person.
(n.) Refractoriness.
(n.) OPottery) A piece of ware covered with a vaporable flux and placed in a kiln, to communicate a glaze to the other articles.
Example Sentences:
(1) During electrophysiologic study, the effect of propafenone on the effective refractory period of the accessory pathway was determined, as well as its effect during orthodromic atrioventricular (AV) reentrant tachycardia and atrial fibrillation.
(2) Some evidence has shown that platelet crossmatching is useful in multitransfused patients with hypoplastic bone marrows who are refractory to platelet therapy through alloimmunization.
(3) The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pretreatment with indomethacin on the refractory period to hypertonic saline-induced bronchoconstriction.
(4) This quantitative characterization of the properties of conduction and refractoriness of both the accessory pathway and ventriculoatrial conduction system and the relation between these characteristics and the accessory pathway location in ART patients provides additional insight into the prerequisites for the initiation and maintenance of this rhythm disturbance.
(5) Lisinopril increases cardiac output, and decreases pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and mean arterial pressure in patients with congestive heart failure refractory to conventional treatment with digitalis and diuretics.
(6) Extracorporeal photopheresis (ExP) was administered every other week in an outpatient setting to four patients with chronic refractory psoriasis vulgaris without arthropathy.
(7) Populations of B. globosus and B. nasutus from Dar es Salaam were refractory.
(8) When caffeine evokes a contraction, and only then, crayfish muscle fibers become refractory to a second challenge with caffeine for up to 20 min in the standard saline (5 mM K(o)).
(9) We present in this preliminary report the early results of therapy for refractory leukemia with an intensive preparative regimen for bone marrow transplantation including etoposide, cytosine arabinoside, cyclophosphamide, and fractionated total body irradiation.
(10) Amiodarone was able to suppress the premature ventricular beats, depress conduction and prolong refractoriness in both, the AV node and accessory pathway to prevent recurrences of atrioventricular reentry.
(11) Once initiated, this refractory state continues to develop even after removal of the light source and is essentially complete within 30 min.
(12) At lower frequencies of stimulation the heart beat is increased to rates dependent on interaction between the time course of the hyperpolarization and the refractory period of the heart.
(13) The results indicate that the conditions which inhibit the initiation of development are present in the Malpighian tubules and not in the midgut of the refractory mosquitoes.
(14) Parenteral cyclophosphamide or corticosteroid pulses should be reserved for cases with vasculitis or refractoriness to conventional drugs.
(15) These data suggest that in terms of prolactin release, prolactin producing tumour cells are intrinsically refractory to hypo thalamic dopaminergic signals.
(16) Pirmenol increased the atrial effective refractory period, but had little effect on conduction in the atrioventricular node and His-Purkinje system.
(17) Estramustine phosphate may be given safely for a prolonged period and has a place in the treatment of advanced prostatic cancer refractory to hormonal therapy.
(18) One or more of the followin factors were present in the "high-risk" group: ventricular dysfunction--ejection fraction less than 0.4, preinfarction angina, evolving infarction, recent infarction (less than 2 weeks), and refractory ventricular tachyarrhythmia.
(19) Although video urodynamics is the state-of-the-art modality for evaluating complex or refractory neurogenic bladder, the practicing radiologist with an understanding of this condition can detect many radiographic changes in the lower urinary tract that suggest neurogenic dysfunction of various types.
(20) Tinidazole (not available in the United States) may be effective in curing refractory cases of metronidazole resistance.