(n.) The act or process of refuting or disproving, or the state of being refuted; proof of falsehood or error; the overthrowing of an argument, opinion, testimony, doctrine, or theory, by argument or countervailing proof.
Example Sentences:
(1) The operational meaning of all the resulting theorems is that when any of them appear to be refuted experimentally, the presence of more than one parallel transport pathway (that is, of membrane heterogeneity transverse to the direction of transport) can be inferred and analyzed.
(2) The results presented refute arguments that these enzymes proceed by a concerted mechansim and support the intermediacy of aminoacyladenylates.
(3) Theories of urea formation during allantoin degradation in Glycine max have been recently refuted.
(4) A mitochondriogenic mechanism of calcification could not be confirmed nor refuted by this study.
(5) The probability that the initial situation is correct--the proband and the cohabitant's six children are all legitimate-is "practically refuted": W = 0.03%.
(6) The IFS says similar declines emerge if you set the figure as low as 40% of median income – utterly refuting Nick Clegg's toxic line dismissing the threshold as just "poverty plus a pound" .
(7) Molly Prince, managing director of the company, refuted the Guardian story with some lustily expressed but random facts: "CPUK have not only purchased tents for everyone (some stewards wanted to use their own but it was too wet to put them up, they insisted in having a go!).
(8) The need for neighboring states to use their data to confirm or refute findings is stressed.
(9) Hume, whose grantmaking credentials include leading a £500m cancer and palliative care grant programme for the Big Lottery Fund, refutes the notion that hospices will lose out.
(10) Additional studies are highly desirable to confirm or refute these findings, which, if valid, mean increasing lung cancer hazards caused by a decrease in ventilation in future energy saving unless special measures are undertaken to reduce radon daughters in dwellings.
(11) This did not happen and, on the evidence presented in this paper, the Fry theory of the pathogenesis of the deviated nasal septum is refuted.
(12) Marshall refuted claims CSIRO was moving away from public good scientific research , labelling it disturbing and untrue.
(13) This explanation was refuted, as all thymic subpopulations were found to express CD1, albeit with differences in antigen density, whereas all extrathymic subpopulations lack CD1.
(14) Location of En at the MN locus would not, however, refute the theory that Wra and Wrb cannot function in the absence of En.
(15) The hypothesis that the function of recA gene is to convert the unidirectionally replicating machinery in the free state to the bidirectionally replicating one in the integrated state is refuted accordingly.
(16) Observation refutes Freud's often quoted statement that masturbation is further removed from the nature of women than of men.
(17) Use of such data led to a false impression of drug efficacy, an impression later refuted when proper control studies demonstrated that the range of disease was much greater than had been previously supposed.
(18) Results refute the assertion that people who stutter are more anxious or depressed than those who do not.
(19) The claim made by astrologers that people can be characterized according to their sign of the zodiac (sagitarius, taurus, cancer, scorpion) must be refuted.
(20) Predictions from the chiasma map can be confirmed or refuted only by genetic evidence for which the estimates of this paper serve as initial values to begin maximum likelihood iteration.
Reputation
Definition:
(v. t.) The estimation in which one is held; character in public opinion; the character attributed to a person, thing, or action; repute.
(v. t.) The character imputed to a person in the community in which he lives. It is admissible in evidence when he puts his character in issue, or when such reputation is otherwise part of the issue of a case.
(v. t.) Specifically: Good reputation; favorable regard; public esteem; general credit; good name.
(v. t.) Account; value.
Example Sentences:
(1) "We have a good reputation, so this won't affect us at all.
(2) John Lewis’s marketing, advertising and reputation are all built on their promises of good customer services, and it is a large part of what still drives people to their stores despite cheaper online outlets.
(3) His senior role in the Popalzai tribe and his chairmanship since 2005 of Kandahar provincial council bolstered his reputation as an Asian version of a mafia don.
(4) Despite tthree resignations and his reputation as a tribal operator in the Blair-Brown wars, however, his belief in the party he joined on his 15th birthday is undimmed.
(5) "I'm not a career banker ... and given I was reputationally undamaged, I got a lot of calls [at that time]."
(6) Pichinde virus inoculation into strain 13 guinea pigs is a model with features reputed to be similar to hemorrhagic fever in humans.
(7) Burham's claim to be the continuity candidate, coupled with his past reputation as a Blairite, suggests a centrist leadership that would stay on course in terms of private sector involvement in public services, a crackdown on benefit claimants and a tougher stance on criminals.
(8) Mark Rasch, a cyber crime expert quoted by the FT, meanwhile said recent events have been “a serious and devastating attack to [Sony’s] reputation and image”, and his opinion is played out by a new YouGov poll into the public perception of Sony’s brand.
(9) At the same time the world's biggest carmaker is fighting to save its reputation as the home of some of the world's safest vehicles.
(10) The reputations of companies linked to fossil fuels are at immediate risk from a fast-growing divestment campaign, one of Europe’s biggest asset managers has warned.
(11) This could also have the added benefit of deterring aggressive tax planning by multinational corporations looking to avoid reputational risks.
(12) But it has a tainted reputation: the 2007 foot and mouth outbreak was traced to a leak from Pirbright’s drains.
(13) Big Red football parties had a reputation for being wildly drunk.
(14) Maybe there was a wish to go for these stronger story formulations, more extreme situations to try to get the energy up to comfortably blow the lid off.” Miller pointed out to Franzen that he has developed something of a reputation as a misanthrope.
(15) He will be asked to explain why he only once reputedly asked for assurances over Coulson, and why he infamously sent Brooks text messages ending in "LOL", which he believed meant lots of love.
(16) The Lib Dem MP Stephen Lloyd , asked Atos staff how they planned to improve their reputation.
(17) I was optimistic that I could leave behind my reputation as the nerdy one of my friends.
(18) 'Devastated' Peter Greste calls on Egypt's president to pardon trio Read more “It’s ironic that the conviction was for tarnishing Egypt’s reputation when ... this [case] is what’s tarnished Egypt’s image,” Clooney told BBC News.
(19) It’s especially not appropriate for a citizen seeking election to this house or selection to the ministry canvassing for money and support to seek to damage individuals’ reputation by commencing court actions for what could only be an improper purpose.” Palmer said the former treasurer, Joe Hockey, had been staying at the resort at the time and “walked past the table” where they were sitting and “merely sat down to have a coffee”.
(20) The disastrous launches of SimCity and Battlefield 4 , the confining and somewhat invasive nature of the publisher’s Origin digital gaming platform and the voraciously monetised smartphone version of Dungeon Keeper, have kicked further dents in its reputation.