(1) Generally metal levels were higher in the salt gland for mallard and black duck, and in the liver for greater scaup.
(2) During February and March, 1974, an epizootic involving lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) occurred in the Tampa Bay area on the west coast of Florida.
(3) Pintails and lesser scaup gave the poorest results, and pekin duck, black duck, and redhead duck were intermediate.
(4) Concurrent with this epizootic was a red tide caused by heavy blooms of the toxic dinoflagellate Gymnodinium breve intoxication were evident in some of the lesser scaup.
(5) The concentrations of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Co, Ni, Cr and Ag in 88 samples of various bones and five samples of trachea prepared from scaup ducks (Aythya marila L.) have been determined.
(6) In comparing tissues cobalt was higher in the salt glands than in livers of all three species; chromium and nickel were higher in the salt gland than liver for mallard and black duck; and lead, manganese and zinc were higher in the liver than the salt gland in greater scaup.
(7) These lesser scaup specialists exhibit interactive patterns amongst themselves and, to some extent, with avocet specialists.
(8) Levels of nine heavy metals were measured in the livers and salt glands of greater scaup (Aythya marila), black duck (Anas rubripes) and mallard (A. platyrhynchos) from Raritan Bay, New Jersey to determine if the functioning avian salt gland concentrates heavy metals.
(9) Adults of Profilicollis botulus were found in 6 species of diving ducks in British Columbia including 3 new hosts: common goldeneye, Bucephala clangula (L.); Barrow's goldeneye, B. islandica (Gmelin); and greater scaup, Aythya marila (L.).
(10) A comparison of susceptibility to experimental infection with C. bushiensis revealed that mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), black ducks (Anas rubripes), blue-winged teal, pintail (Anas acuta) and lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) had similar susceptibilities but that wood ducks were significantly less susceptible to infection.
(11) In contrast, avocets collected from permanent bodies of water in Alberta had communities composed largely of species that are specialists in various duck species, particularly lesser scaup.
(12) A controlled experimental feeding of G. breve toxic material to White Pekin ducklings produced illness and death with signs comparable to some of those seen in the scaup.
Scup
Definition:
(n.) A swing.
(n.) A marine sparoid food fish (Stenotomus chrysops, or S. argyrops), common on the Atlantic coast of the United States. It appears bright silvery when swimming in the daytime, but shows broad blackish transverse bands at night and when dead. Called also porgee, paugy, porgy, scuppaug.
Example Sentences:
(1) Immunoblot analysis with antibodies to P-450 forms from a teleost (scup) showed the presence of cross-reacting proteins in control fish, presumed counterparts to the scup forms.
(2) E2 2-hydroxylase activity per nanomole cytochrome P-450 was reduced in scup treated with beta-naphthoflavone, which induces the hydrocarbon hydroxylase cytochrome P-450E.
(3) Cytochrome P-450A had a requirement for conspecific (scup) NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase and all reconstituted activities examined were stimulated by the addition of purified scup cytochrome b5.
(4) Estradiol (E2) metabolites formed in vitro by microsomes from the marine teleosts winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) and scup (Stenotomus chrysops) included at least seven products detected by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
(5) Untreated Poeciliopsis evidently contain a counterpart to scup cytochrome P-450E, the major polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-inducible from in scup.
(6) MAb 1-12-3 recognized P-450E induced by 3,3',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl and by polychlorinated biphenyl mixtures in scup, and a single band induced by BNF or 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) in microsomes of other teleosts, including two trout species, killifish and winter flounder.
(7) The maximal power generation was correspondingly about 50% greater in scup than in carp (71 W kg-1 at 10 degrees C and 134 W kg-1 at 20 degrees C; Q10 = 1.88).
(8) Polyclonal antibodies to scup P450A were shown to detect proteins in a number of teleosts.
(9) Ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity, aldrin epoxidase (AE) activity, cytochrome P-450 content, and levels of cytochrome P-450E (the major BNF-inducible P-450 form and primary EROD catalyst in scup) or its homologues were measured in hepatic microsomes isolated from Fundulus heteroclitus, scup (Stenotomus chrysops) and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) treated with beta-naphthoflavone (BNF) or phenobarbital (PB).
(10) Here we describe the presence and localization of P450IA1 in organs of scup sampled directly from an environment contaminated by chlorinated biphenyls and bibenzofurans, the outer New Bedford Harbor of Massachusetts.
(11) These results demonstrate that PCB congeners with ortho-chlorine substitution, and which are effective inducers of AHH and EROD activity in mammals, are ineffective, at the doses tested, as inducers in the teleost scup.
(12) At any given swimming speed, V was higher in carp than in scup because carp had a larger sarcomere length excursion and higher tail-beat frequency.
(13) Recently, we described the cellular localization of cytochrome P450IA1 (P450E) induced in 10 organs or organ systems of the fish, Stenotomus chrysops (scup) treated with 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl or with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran.
(14) The smaller sarcomere excursion in scup is primarily associated with using a less undulatory style of swimming (i.e.
(15) Microsomal ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activities, catalytic functions of scup P450E, were induced in parallel with P450 content.
(16) The cDNA probe was also shown to hybridize with induced mRNA of brook trout, scup, garter snake, painted turtle, and rat demonstrating the suitability of the probe for examining induction of mRNA in various species.
(17) Conversely, MAb 1-7-1 to rat cytochrome P-450MC-B had little effect on AHH activity of scup cytochrome P-450E, and did not recognize cytochrome P-450E in radioimmunoassay nor in an immunoblot.
(18) Monoclonal antibody (MAb) 1-12-3 generated against liver cytochrome P-450E (P-450E), an aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase of the marine fish Stenotomus chrysops (scup), reacted only with P-450E when tested in immunoblot analysis with five P-450 fractions from scup liver.
(19) Forms of cytochrome P-450 have been purified from several teleost species, including scup (Stenotomus chrysops), rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri), and cod (Gadus morhua).
(20) The levels of anti-P450A cross-reacting protein were greater in mature female than in male flounder, but as with 6 beta-OHase activity, the content of this protein was not sexually differentiated in scup.