(n.) An insect characterized by having but four perfect legs, as certain of the butterflies.
Example Sentences:
(1) In tetrapods, there are at least three possibilities.
(2) The saccular orientations are significantly different from those in tetrapods.
(3) We speculate, therefore, that the putative gene duplication that led to pancreatic polypeptide in the higher vertebrates took place after the time of divergence of fish and tetrapods.
(4) One of the divergent domains (DD8) consists of two regions of length variation separated by a short segment that is conserved at least throughout tetrapods.
(5) The phylogenetic and ontogenetic changes in the octavolateralis system of sarcopterygian fish and tetrapods, presumed to be important for the formation of an amphibian auditory system, are reviewed.
(6) The diversity of tetrapods increased from the Devonian to the Permian, remained roughly constant during the Mesozoic, and then began to increase in the late Cretaceous, and continued to do so during the Tertiary.
(7) Renin and JGC have been found in the kidneys of tetrapods and teleostean fishes.
(8) A tetrapod-like hypothalamo-hypophysial portal system and a persistent bucco-hypophysial canal are present in Megalops cyprinoides.
(9) Also, the evolution of hypercalcemic regulation in tetrapods will be discussed in the light of recent developments.
(10) These data, correlated with previous ones obtained on tetrapods, affirm the principle that there is a phylogenetic decline in the quantitative innervation of the vertebrate appendage.
(11) It appears that in non-mammalian tetrapods, namely birds and amphibians, the proteolytic processing of the pro-vasotocin involves only one cleavage, releasing the hormone moiety and a "big" neurophysin with two domains homologous to mammalian MSEL-neurophysin and copeptin, respectively.
(12) However, the fossil record of tetrapods has the advantages that it is easier to establish a phylogenetic taxonomy than for many invertebrate groups, and there is the potential for more detailed ecological analyses.
(13) The glycoconjugates of the extrapulmonary airways of 11 tetrapode vertebrates have been characterized by means of both conventional and lectin histochemistry.
(14) In some respects, Torpedo appeared closer to tetrapods than trout.
(15) The tetrapod and teleost PRLs share 34 common residues and these conserved residues are clustered in six domains (PD1 to PD6), suggesting that these common residues, or at least part of them, are responsible for the activities common to all PRLs.
(16) Comparable right and left wing bones of three species of bats failed to demonstrate one-sided dominance, although such dominance is widespread in tetrapods.
(17) Among living fish, the coelacanth Latimeria chalumnae (Actinistia), which is the only recent representative of the Crossopterygii (Actinistia and Rhipidistia), the lungfish (Dipnoi) and ray-finned fish (Actinopterygii), have each been considered as sister-groups of the tetrapods.
(18) The appearance of the membrane-bounded granules depends on the fixative used; after fixation with glutaraldehyde the granules are of a size and electron-density comparable to that found in tetrapod Merkel cells, but after fixing in osmium tetroxide the granules are inconspicuous.
(19) Meyer and Wilson's (1990) 12S rRNA phylogeny unites lungfish and tetrapods to the exclusion of the coelacanth.
(20) MCH stimulates melanosome aggregation within teleost melanocytes but also exhibits MSH-like (melanosome dispersing) activity on tetrapod (frog and lizard) melanocytes.
Vertebrate
Definition:
(n.) One of the Vertebrata.
(a.) Alt. of Vertebrated
Example Sentences:
(1) Local embolism, vertebral distal-stump embolism, the dynamics of hemorrhagic infarction and embolus-in-transit are briefly described.
(2) An axillo-axillary bypass procedure was performed in a high-risk patient with innominate arterial stenosis who had repeated episodes of transient cerebral ischemia due to decreased blood flow through the right carotid artery and reversal of blood flow through the right vertebral artery.
(3) Two cases of posterior lumbar vertebral rim fracture and associated disc protrusion in adolescents are presented.
(4) The greatest advantages of spinal QCT for noninvasive bone mineral measurement lie in the high precision of the technique, the high sensitivity of the vertebral trabecular measurement site, and the potential for widespread application.
(5) With the successful culture of these tissues, their development, biochemistry, and physiology, potentially of great importance in understanding early vertebrate evolution, can be better understood.
(6) In this paper, we examine corticosteroid 11 beta-oxidation and 11-reduction as properties of the microsomal 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase complex in vertebrate livers.
(7) The bony elements of both adjacent vertebral bodies are secondarily involved.
(8) Depending on local anatomical properties duplex scanning failed to make a decision about the state of the ostium of the vertebral artery in 24% of the cases.
(9) Neural crest cells give rise to various essential tissues in vertebrates.
(10) Per-rotational nystagmus was recorded in rabbits with unilaterally narrowed vertebral arteries or following unilateral cervical sympathectomies.
(11) We advance a structural model to account for the rapid elastic element seen in mechanical transient experiments on vertebrate skeletal muscle (A.F.
(12) Investigations have been made to determine the identity and binding characteristics of the pterins that are bound tightly to dihydrofolate reductases which are isolated from vertebrate sources by a well established procedure.
(13) We concluded that the primitive eukaryote D.discoideum contains proteins which show functional and physical similarity with the alpha-subunits of vertebrate G-proteins.
(14) For dinucleotides, TA is almost universally under-represented, with the exception of vertebrate mitochondrial genomes, and CG is strongly under-represented in vertebrates and in mitochondrial genomes.
(15) Genetic studies in yeast demonstrate that vertebrate calmodulin can functionally replace yeast calmodulin.
(16) The 76-residue protein exhibits one difference towards a murine form, is identical to other characterized vertebrate ubiquitins, and confirms an extensive conservation of the ubiquitin structure.
(17) This was true even when the locations of low resistance areas along the dorsal trunk were compared to only those vertebral palpatory findings rated as "severe."
(18) CT possesses some advantages over roentgenography in the diagnosis of degenerative vertebral diseases and can be recommended as the principal method together with roentgenography for investigation of patients with lumbar pains.
(19) Precedent exists for the early development and subsequent down-regulation of neurotransmitter receptor systems in the vertebrate central nervous system, but the function of such embryonic receptors has not been established.
(20) The authors report a case of primary aspergillus endocarditis with endophthalmitis and vertebral osteomyelitis.