(v. t.) To lie under; to rest beneath; to be situated under; as, a stratum of clay underlies the surface gravel.
(v. t.) To be at the basis of; to form the foundation of; to support; as, a doctrine underlying a theory.
(v. t.) To be subject or amenable to.
(v. i.) To lie below or under.
(n.) See Underlay, n., 1.
Example Sentences:
(1) The A2 channels have a conductance of 6-8 pS and underlie the whole-cell A current.
(2) The data could indicate that abnormalities of dopamine metabolism may underlie both the motor and mental abnormalities of Parkinsonism.
(3) The polygenic control of diabetogenesis in NOD mice, in which a recessive gene linked to the major histocompatibility complex is but one of several controlling loci, suggests that similar polygenic interactions underlie this type of diabetes in humans.
(4) Recombinant DNA studies have clarified the genetics that underlie neurofibromatosis type 2 and separate it from a variety of related conditions, such as von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis.
(5) X-ray analysis of these crystals will permit direct visualization of the specific structural motifs and chemical features that underlie phospholipase neurotoxicity.
(6) The resolution of the cellular events which underlie the development of pancreatitis in combination with the introduction of new therapeutic agents may enable a rational and safe protocol to be developed for the support of patients with pancreatitis.
(7) These channels underlie the graded active responses that can be elicited at the offset of abrupt hyperpolarizing and depolarizing intracellular current pulses.
(8) By relating muscle activity with sound production , such bursting was shown to underlie evoked vocalizations.
(9) A voltage-dependent, fast inactivating outward current may underlie these responses.
(10) Looking at an old problem from a new perspective can sometimes lead to new ways of analyzing experimental data which may help in understanding the mechanisms that underlie the phenomena.
(11) It is hypothesized that somewhat different mechanisms underlie recovery in neonatal and adult operated animals.
(12) Thus, the avidity measurement is useful in understanding the immunological events which underlie various clinicopathological features of SLE.
(13) Mast cell degranulation of histamine may partly underlie the appearance of increased amounts of hyaluronan in lavage fluid from patients with interstitial lung diseases and allergic asthma.
(14) Because available evidence suggests that alterations in the serotonergic as well as dopaminergic tones underlie hallucinatory activity, we decided to investigate whether serotonin and dopamine pathways are modified in alcoholics with a history of hallucinosis.
(15) We hypothesize that sampling-induced decreases in steady-state ADOi underlie these observations, because losses of ISF adenosine to high volumes of sample buffer can be greater than the myocardial cells are capable of replacing.
(16) The reactive synaptogenesis that takes place in the rat hippocampal formation after certain experimental manipulations affords an opportunity to investigate the molecular events that underlie structural remodeling in the adult CNS.
(17) Changing patterns of DNA methylation may underlie differential gene expression in development.
(18) LTP in these two structures could underlie their role in memory consolidation and could explain the late involvement of the entorhinal cortex in post-training memory processing.
(19) We suggest that in hairy cell leukaemia both monocytopenia and defective functions of monocytes underlie the increased susceptibility to intracellular infections including Legionnaires' disease.
(20) Activity-dependent changes in synaptic efficacy may underlie the acquisition of memory.
Underpin
Definition:
(v. t.) To lay stones, masonry, etc., under, as the sills of a building, on which it is to rest.
(v. t.) To support by some solid foundation; to place something underneath for support.
Example Sentences:
(1) Nick Clegg and Ed Miliband accepted the Tory idea of a royal charter to establish a new press regulatory body but insisted it be underpinned in statute and said there should be guarantees of the body's independence.
(2) Progress on treaties underpinning nuclear disarmament – which have too long been stalled – has also recently begun to look more hopeful, with renewed prospects for achieving the entry into force of the comprehensive test ban treaty and for starting negotiations on a treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive purposes.
(3) No party is better placed to lead the country on our next step in the journey and we must bring others with us as we seek to deliver on our exciting vision of a vibrant economy underpinning a much fairer society.
(4) Scotland's Rural Affairs Secretary Richard Lochhead said: "Scotland is rightly hailed as a land of food and drink, which is underpinned by the record exports achieved in both areas in 2011.
(5) He said recapitalisation of banks around the world amounted to around $900bn, while countries had underpinned their banking systems with $7tn of guarantees.
(6) Given that clinical services, and the biomedical and comparative effectiveness research that underpins them, change over time, it makes medical and financial sense to regularly review them.
(7) The structural underpinnings of these internal problems are assumed inconsequential and not addressed, and so is the international dimension.
(8) The Conservative peer and chancellor of the University of Oxford took the view – rightly – two decades ago that Hong Kong’s prosperity was underpinned by a free and plural society.
(9) These emerging signals are consistent with what we expect from our projections, giving us confidence in the science and models that underpin them.
(10) May urges her ministerial colleagues to use the code to underpin their conduct as part of efforts to create a “fairer Britain” where “everybody plays by the same rules”.
(11) Since one of the underpinnings of education is threatened by reductions in library collections, actions must be taken by publishers, librarians, faculty, and professional associations to ameliorate the present situation and to limit additional increases in serial prices.
(12) Resisting protectionism and promoting global trade and investment 22.World trade growth has underpinned rising prosperity for half a century.
(13) "The public realm and the free market realm are subject to inherent weaknesses that have got to be underpinned by having shared values that lead to shared rules," he says, in some version, many times.
(14) For underpinning the president's success was a shift in the very nature of the US electorate, with white voters accounting for a smaller share than ever before.
(15) The thinking underpinned the next nine months of no campaigning: the risks that Scotland could not use the pound, fears about the health and strength of Scotland’s economy without the UK single market, or that it would be unable to join the European Union.
(16) Since Freud's (1911) explication of the nature of paranoia, much has been written concerning the dynamic underpinnings of the illness but less have been detailed regarding its manifestations structurally.
(17) But the banking catastrophes of 2007 and 2008 taught us that only "core" capital – the rock-solid equity underpinning banks' balance sheets – counts in a proper crisis.
(18) The European human rights convention, on which the 1998 act is closely based, is “an entirely sensible statement of the principles which should underpin any democratic nation”.
(19) This is more difficult than it sounds, because it means challenging assumptions that have underpinned health policy in recent years.
(20) He said he accepted the principle of independent regulation, arguing that the current system "is badly broken and it has let down victims" – but insisted that any proposal to underpin a new regulator with a law, as proposed by Leveson, would "cross the Rubicon" of state intervention into press freedom.