(n.) A tree (Antiaris toxicaria) of the Breadfruit family, common in the forests of Java and the neighboring islands. Its secretions are poisonous, and it has been fabulously reported that the atmosphere about it is deleterious. Called also bohun upas.
(n.) A virulent poison used in Java and the adjacent islands for poisoning arrows. One kind, upas antiar, is, derived from upas tree (Antiaris toxicaria). Upas tieute is prepared from a climbing plant (Strychnos Tieute).
Example Sentences:
(1) Binding of uPA to filters was blocked by a synthetic oligopeptide containing the known receptor binding region of native uPA.
(2) The synthesis of uPA as a precursor with reduced enzymatic activity as well as decreased affinity for inhibitors is likely to be a mechanism by which normal epidermis regulates plasminogen activation in vivo.
(3) We identified two human melanoma cell lines, MelJuso and MeWo, expressing uPA or tPA as shown at mRNA, protein, and enzyme activity level.
(4) The Jarman UPA score at electoral ward level is not related to psychiatric morbidity, and should not therefore be used for planning local service provision.
(5) Mutants of the pig kidney cell line, LLC-PK1, affected in cAMP metabolism, were examined for cAMP-dependent protein kinase (cAMP-PK) activity and for cAMP-mediated induction of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA).
(6) Since in addition to fibronectin, that can be degraded by uPA or plasmin, chorioallantoic membrane connective tissue contains collagen, we examined the profile of collagenases secreted by the various cell lines in search for an activity that would coincide with the invasive phenotype.
(7) Rat alveolar epithelial cells produce large quantities of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) in vitro, and uPA expression is modulated in association with cellular differentiation and exposure to inflammatory mediators.
(8) Immunoreactive uPA was induced equally by IFN and TNF, but TNF generated higher levels of PAI-2.
(9) Thus, cathepsin B can substitute for plasmin in the proteolytic activation of pro-uPA to enzymatically active HMW-uPA.
(10) Plasmin formation, dependent on the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), is discussed in its biochemical, regulatory and physiological aspects and its involvement in cancer malignancy analysed.
(11) (iv) At high concentrations of sigma factor, only certain adenosine-containing dinucleoside monophosphates (ApU, CpA, UpA, and ApA) stimulate the reaction.
(12) The peptide hormone calcitonin induces the accumulation of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) mRNA in pig kidney LLC-PK1 cells.
(13) PA activity was also associated with the leading edges of migrating epithelium post-scrape and post-burn and was not inhibited by antibodies to either tPA or uPA but was inhibited by amiloride.
(14) However, the RNase A mutant containing residues 63-74 of angiogenin had greatly diminished catalytic activity against uridylyl-(3'----5')-adenosine (UpA), and slightly increased catalytic activity as an inhibitor of translation in vitro.
(15) Hence receptor-bound uPA will promote plasminogen activation and thus the dissolution of the tumor matrix and the basement membrane which is a prerequisite for invasion and metastasis.
(16) Treatment of A431 squamous carcinoma cells (SqCC) with epidermal growth factor (EGF) has previously been shown to result in an induction of the synthesis and extracellular accumulation of uPA and the plasminogen-dependent proteolysis of extracellular matrix (ECM).
(17) Enzymatic properties of phosphorylated urokinase plasminogen activator (P-uPA) (1) extracted from human carcinomatous cell line Detroit 562 cells were compared with those of non-phosphorylated uPA of urinary origin (nP-uPA).
(18) In all of 10 cases, staining for uPA in the normal colon tissue was confined to scattered fibroblastlike cells in the lamina propria.
(19) It is proposed that uPA:uPA-receptor interaction plays a direct role in physiological and pathological processes that require cell migration.
(20) High molecular weight uPA, either as the single-chain precursor or two-chain activated form, bound to the receptor; however, low molecular weight (33 kD) uPA, tPA, or epidermal growth factor did not compete for binding, demonstrating specificity.
Virulent
Definition:
(a.) Extremely poisonous or venomous; very active in doing injury.
(a.) Very bitter in enmity; actuated by a desire to injure; malignant; as, a virulent invective.
Example Sentences:
(1) The combined analysis of pathogenesis and genetics associated with the salmonella virulence plasmids may identify new systems of bacterial virulence and the genetic basis for this virulence.
(2) Escherichia enterotoxigenic strains, Yersinia enterocolitica and Salmonella typhimurium virulent strains, Campylobacter jejuni clinical isolates possess more pronounced capacity for adhesion to enteric cells of Peyer's plaques than to other types of epithelial cells, which may be of importance in the pathogenesis of these infections.
(3) The results are consistent with our previous suggestion that lethality for virulent SFV infection results from a lethal threshold of damage to neurons in the CNS and that attenuating mutations may reduce neuronal damage below this threshold level.
(4) The results point out the importance of detecting specific virulence factors before incriminating water as a source of human diarrhea.
(5) We put forward the hypothesis that the agglutinability in acriflavine, together with the PAGE profile type II, may be associated with particular structures responsible for virulence.
(6) One mutant, BS260, was completely noninvasive on HeLa cells and mapped to a region on the 220-kb virulence plasmid in which we had previously localized several avirulent temperature-regulated operon fusions (A.E.
(7) The proteins of two HEV isolates, one apathogenic (HEV-A) and one virulent (HEV-V), resembled each other in most respects.
(8) The geometric mean titers of anti-Shigella antibodies to virulence plasmid-associated antigens in milk received before infection were eightfold higher in infants who remained well than in those in whom diarrhea developed.
(9) Presented are the clinical, pathologic, and virulence features of sudden death due to Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus.
(10) Some of these strains have been used by investigators to study gonococcal virulence.
(11) With the faster rate of proliferation there was a corresponding increase in virulence.
(12) On average, clinical isolates were not more virulent than fecal isolates.
(13) Since the four determining coefficients may change over evolutionary time-scales, the mathematical results together with a natural selection argument proves that virulence gamma 2 attenuates.
(14) It also devalues the courage of real whistleblowers who have used proper channels to hold our government accountable.” McCain added: “It is a sad, yet perhaps fitting commentary on President Obama’s failed national security policies that he would commute the sentence of an individual that endangered the lives of American troops, diplomats, and intelligence sources by leaking hundreds of thousands of sensitive government documents to WikiLeaks, a virulently anti-American organisation that was a tool of Russia’s recent interference in our elections.” WikiLeaks last year published emails hacked from the accounts of the Democratic National Committee and John Podesta, chairman of Hillary Clinton’s election campaign.
(15) Understanding the molecular biology of a virulence factor also provides information about potential targets for future therapies and preventive modalities.
(16) This ability may be associated with virulence, because an attenuated strain of L. pneumophila fails to multiply within this protozoan, whereas a virulent strain increases 10,000-fold in number when coincubated with T. pyriformis.
(17) Combinations of factors were generally more predictive for defining virulent clones, particularly in infants defined as being at normal risk of developing septicaemia.
(18) Strain IIBNV6, however, complemented with all virulent strains tested.
(19) Measurable activity on day 7 depended on infectious virus dose, virus virulence, and non-H-2 genetic background of the host.
(20) A related mechanism is proposed for the control of the virulence of animal viruses.