(a.) Extremely poisonous or venomous; very active in doing injury.
(a.) Very bitter in enmity; actuated by a desire to injure; malignant; as, a virulent invective.
Example Sentences:
(1) The combined analysis of pathogenesis and genetics associated with the salmonella virulence plasmids may identify new systems of bacterial virulence and the genetic basis for this virulence.
(2) Escherichia enterotoxigenic strains, Yersinia enterocolitica and Salmonella typhimurium virulent strains, Campylobacter jejuni clinical isolates possess more pronounced capacity for adhesion to enteric cells of Peyer's plaques than to other types of epithelial cells, which may be of importance in the pathogenesis of these infections.
(3) The results are consistent with our previous suggestion that lethality for virulent SFV infection results from a lethal threshold of damage to neurons in the CNS and that attenuating mutations may reduce neuronal damage below this threshold level.
(4) The results point out the importance of detecting specific virulence factors before incriminating water as a source of human diarrhea.
(5) We put forward the hypothesis that the agglutinability in acriflavine, together with the PAGE profile type II, may be associated with particular structures responsible for virulence.
(6) One mutant, BS260, was completely noninvasive on HeLa cells and mapped to a region on the 220-kb virulence plasmid in which we had previously localized several avirulent temperature-regulated operon fusions (A.E.
(7) The proteins of two HEV isolates, one apathogenic (HEV-A) and one virulent (HEV-V), resembled each other in most respects.
(8) The geometric mean titers of anti-Shigella antibodies to virulence plasmid-associated antigens in milk received before infection were eightfold higher in infants who remained well than in those in whom diarrhea developed.
(9) Presented are the clinical, pathologic, and virulence features of sudden death due to Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus.
(10) Some of these strains have been used by investigators to study gonococcal virulence.
(11) With the faster rate of proliferation there was a corresponding increase in virulence.
(12) On average, clinical isolates were not more virulent than fecal isolates.
(13) Since the four determining coefficients may change over evolutionary time-scales, the mathematical results together with a natural selection argument proves that virulence gamma 2 attenuates.
(14) It also devalues the courage of real whistleblowers who have used proper channels to hold our government accountable.” McCain added: “It is a sad, yet perhaps fitting commentary on President Obama’s failed national security policies that he would commute the sentence of an individual that endangered the lives of American troops, diplomats, and intelligence sources by leaking hundreds of thousands of sensitive government documents to WikiLeaks, a virulently anti-American organisation that was a tool of Russia’s recent interference in our elections.” WikiLeaks last year published emails hacked from the accounts of the Democratic National Committee and John Podesta, chairman of Hillary Clinton’s election campaign.
(15) Understanding the molecular biology of a virulence factor also provides information about potential targets for future therapies and preventive modalities.
(16) This ability may be associated with virulence, because an attenuated strain of L. pneumophila fails to multiply within this protozoan, whereas a virulent strain increases 10,000-fold in number when coincubated with T. pyriformis.
(17) Combinations of factors were generally more predictive for defining virulent clones, particularly in infants defined as being at normal risk of developing septicaemia.
(18) Strain IIBNV6, however, complemented with all virulent strains tested.
(19) Measurable activity on day 7 depended on infectious virus dose, virus virulence, and non-H-2 genetic background of the host.
(20) A related mechanism is proposed for the control of the virulence of animal viruses.
Vituperative
Definition:
(a.) Uttering or writing censure; containing, or characterized by, abuse; scolding; abusive.
Example Sentences:
(1) This school of thought has had a massive surge in disciples of late, as the dust settles in the aftermath of the credit crisis; now that the second wave of the credit crunch appears to be upon us, the baying for blood has become even louder and more vituperative.
(2) But most critics, it seemed, were damning and vituperative.
(3) People are afraid because they understand that gay propaganda is banned, and even mentioning LGBT relations is essentially forbidden.” Klimova herself has been the subject of vituperative online commentary after creating Deti-404 in spring 2013.
(4) Gradually, he came to write fewer vituperative articles and more ruminative ones on music (especially Wagner), literature and the arts, though never forsaking his pet hates - lawyers, especially judges, and home secretaries, nor his second love after music - food.
(5) The conspiracy theorists who have taken over Poland Read more With a penchant for conspiracy and a vituperative speaking style, Jarosław Kaczyński routinely brands his opponents “gangsters”, “cronies”, and “reds”.
(6) At a time when much smaller ideological differences are regularly the occasion for vituperative ad hominem attacks, Hobsbawm should serve as an example of how civilised people can differ about big questions while agreeing about much else.
(7) His victory came after one of the most bitter and vituperative run-ups to the prize in living memory - not among the shortlisted writers, but from dismayed and bemused commentators who accused judges of putting populism above genuine quality .
(8) In an extraordinary interview, sometimes humorous and sometimes vituperative, West returned again and again to those who would thwart his desires to expand way beyond music, and to pointing out that black people are routinely denied the opportunities granted to white people.
(9) Defence expenditure has been a longstanding irritant in the North Atlantic alliance, but it was the vituperative nature of Trump’s delivery, combined with his petulant body language, that convinced the allies they had better look to each other if they wanted a sense of direction.
(10) Well, yes, that is the law of our country, not however a nicety often afforded to the victims of his titles, and here I refer not only to hacking but the vituperative portrayal of weak and vulnerable members of our society, relentlessly attacked by Murdoch's ink jackals.
(11) Complaints from early guests, traced by an archaeologist, Gary Marshall, were vituperative.
(12) Earlier this month Murdoch was vituperative about how search engines have aggregated news .
(13) He was the subject of films, cartoons and at least one rock song, by Scritti Politi; he generated both adulatory and vituperative journalism; and he wrote some of the most formidably difficult philosophical works of his time.
(14) The librarians know it's a racket, but they feel powerless to act because if they refused to pay the monopoly rents then their academics – who, after all, are under the cosh of publish-or-perish mandates – would react furiously (and vituperatively).
(15) Fry took aim at the "stinking, sliding, scuttling, weird, entomological creatures" who leave abusive comments on blogs, whose "resentment, their desire to be heard at the most vituperative level, at the most unpleasant and malevolent, genuinely ill-willed malevolent, level is terrifying".
(16) On a less elevated note, all three painters were also the victims of vituperative reviews and critical miscomprehension during their careers.
(17) The Tory MEP Daniel Hannan's vituperative assault on Brown in the European parliament, which became a global internet hit, was named speech of the year, while James Purnell's dramatic call as he quit the cabinet for the PM to "stand aside" secured him resignation of the year from among a larger than -usual field of candidates.
(18) Alain Badiou , venerable Maoist, 75-year-old soixante-huitard, vituperative excoriator of Sarkozy and Hollande and such a controversial figure in France that when he was profiled in Marianne magazine they used the headline "Badiou: is the star of philosophy a bastard?
(19) Next year brings the referendum, and with it a vituperative Tory schism.
(20) During the early phase of this parliament, when the Labour party was often more vituperative about the Lib Dems than it was about the Tories, Ed Miliband used to say that he could "never" imagine himself being in coalition with Nick Clegg .