(n.) A microscopic vegetable organism, belonging to the class Algae, usually in the form of a jointed rodlike filament, and found in putrefying organic infusions. Bacteria are destitute of chlorophyll, and are the smallest of microscopic organisms. They are very widely diffused in nature, and multiply with marvelous rapidity, both by fission and by spores. Certain species are active agents in fermentation, while others appear to be the cause of certain infectious diseases. See Bacillus.
Example Sentences:
(1) After Listeria, a bacterium, is phagocytosed by a macrophage, it dissolves the phagosomal membrane and enters the cytoplasm.
(2) These results suggest that the bacterium may not play an important pathogenetic role in ulcer healing and relapse, when patients are managed using an H2-blocker.
(3) Three strains of fluorescent pseudomonads (IS-1, IS-2, and IS-3) isolated from potato underground stems with roots showed in vitro antibiosis against 30 strains of the ring rot bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.
(4) Microbiological analyses of sediments located near a point source for petrogenic chemicals resulted in the isolation of a pyrene-mineralizing bacterium.
(5) However, the amino acid sequence of the enzyme from the bacterium exhibited low identities (25-30%) with the same enzyme from eukaryotes.
(6) The cytoplasm and the periplasma of the gram-negative facultative photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides contain phospholipid transfer proteins; these seem to be involved in the biosynthesis of prokaryotic membranes.
(7) in all of the clinical groups studied suggests that this bacterium is not a good marker of periodontal disease and that it is necessary to define the most characteristic phenotypes and genotypes.
(8) Mössbauer spectroscopy has been used to study the heme iron in various states of cytochrome P450cam from the camphor-hydroxylating system of the bacterium Pseudomonas putida.
(9) We examined the predacious gram-negative bacterium Bdellovibrio bacteriovorous 109J and free-living strains 109J-A1 and 109J-KA1 derived therefrom for penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).
(10) The enzyme hydrogenase, from the photosynthetic bacterium Chromatium, was purified to homogeneity after solubilization of the particulate enzyme with deoxycholate.
(11) The 3-ketoglycose-synthesizing system in the bacterium does not affect the relative participation of these two pathways.
(12) We have isolated a mutant of the luminous bacterium Beneckea harveyi, which requires exogenous adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) to synthesize luciferase and emit light.
(13) Of the major metabolic processes investigated in this bacterium, only de novo synthesis of the cell envelope was inhibited by lombazole well in advance of an effect on growth.
(14) Allo-deoxycholic acid was formed only in cell extracts prepared from bacteria induced by cholic acid, suggesting that their formation may be a branch of the cholic acid 7 alpha-dehydroxylation pathway in this bacterium.
(15) Crude extracts from aerobically grown bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae contain three different types of catalases, designated KpT, KpCP, and KpA, whose activities in crude extracts are in the ratio 4.1:1:0.3.
(16) Nitrendipine, verapamil, LaCl3 and omega-conotoxin were tested and these blockers inhibited chemotactic behaviour in the bacterium toward L-alanine.
(17) After several rounds, the scientists had pieced together all 1m letters of the bacterium's genome.
(18) An assay for the determination of NAD(P)+ and NAD(P)H in extracts from the obligate anaerobe bacterium Thermoanaerobacter finnii is developed and the strategy for this development is described.
(19) The bacterium produces unique, branched-chain fatty acids, catalase, oxidase (weakly), and gelatinase and uses starch while ignoring other carbohydrates.
(20) Previous studies have demonstrated that human salivary alpha-amylase specifically binds to the oral bacterium Streptococcus gordonii.
Spore
Definition:
(n.) One of the minute grains in flowerless plants, which are analogous to seeds, as serving to reproduce the species.
(n.) An embryo sac or embryonal vesicle in the ovules of flowering plants.
(n.) A minute grain or germ; a small, round or ovoid body, formed in certain organisms, and by germination giving rise to a new organism; as, the reproductive spores of bacteria, etc.
(n.) One of the parts formed by fission in certain Protozoa. See Spore formation, belw.
Example Sentences:
(1) After absorption of labeled glucose, two pools of trehalose are found in dormant spores, one of which is extractable without breaking the spores, and the other, only after the spores are disintegrated.
(2) The dose response initially resembled that described by Scholer (1959) in which one million spores killed the majority of mice.
(3) Abnormal synaptonemal complexes were seen in all 19 crosses of N. crassa and N. intermedia that were examined, including matings between standard laboratory strains, inversions, Spore killers, and strains collected from nature.
(4) The mutant spores are pleomorphic and differ both in shape and size from the wild-type spores.
(5) The results presented here substantiate the hypothesis that in S. cerevisiae trehalose supplies energy during dormancy of the spores and not during the germination process.
(6) The fungicidal activity of six rabbit neutrophil cationic peptides (NP) against resting (dormant) spores, preincubated (swollen) spores, and hyphae of Aspergillus fumigatus and Rhizopus oryzae was examined.
(7) In the electron microscope large aggregates of beta glycogen particles were seen in the cytoplasm of sporoplasm cells in mature spores.
(8) The spore germination was synchronized by selection of the spores of the definite size and maintenance at a temperature of 0 degrees.
(9) GAD activity appeared in mutant spores after germination and increased to levels comparable to parent spores after 9 min of germination.
(10) The Ca++-form and H+-form spores of Clostridium botulinum 33A were investigated in vivo with respect to their water sorption and heat-resistance characteristics.
(11) Salt concentrations slightly lower than those providing inhibition tended to extend spore outgrowth time at low temperatures.
(12) The AL spores and the GN spores were morphologically distinct.
(13) Studies demonstrated the fact that there are present within the malignant cell and in the immediate area bacterial spores arising from one of several varieties of plant bacteria.
(14) The stages observed were diplokaryotic cells, sporogonial plasmodia, unikaryotic sporoblasts, and spores.
(15) The rod-shaped organism was motile, did not form spores, and had a gram-negative wall structure.
(16) Numerous factors influenced its activity: method of spore production, inherent spore resistance characteristics, alkalination, storage time and storage temperature.
(17) The inoculum level of infected spores in nutrient broth-yeast extract-glucose medium affected the transducing efficiency of SP-10 in lysates of these cultures.
(18) It can be dissociated from the spores using divalent metal chelators and will reassemble on the spores in the presence of calcium.
(19) Stable messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) was shown to be involved in both enterotoxin synthesis and synthesis of other spore coat proteins in Clostridium perfringens.
(20) Effects of alpha- or beta-D-glucose on the respiration of germinated spores (only germinated spores not including swollen spores and elongated spores) of Bacillus subtilis and B. megaterium were studied.