(n.) Mineral pitch; a black, tarry substance, burning with a bright flame; Jew's pitch. It occurs as an abundant natural product in many places, as on the shores of the Dead and Caspian Seas. It is used in cements, in the construction of pavements, etc. See Asphalt.
(n.) By extension, any one of the natural hydrocarbons, including the hard, solid, brittle varieties called asphalt, the semisolid maltha and mineral tars, the oily petroleums, and even the light, volatile naphthas.
Example Sentences:
(1) Tar bitumens are classifiable as the pyrolysis products of organic materials and are applied hot.
(2) The tests of bitumen, chlorcaoutchouc, asbestos cement and polyacryl delivered results comparable to those achieved under working conditions.
(3) Did these donations have anything to do with the investigation found, Clinton’s State Department approving the Alberta Clipper , a controversial pipeline carrying large amounts of tar-sands bitumen from Alberta to Wisconsin?
(4) There is also oil company interest in shale deposits at 10 locations in Morocco, two in Egypt as well as a "bitumen belt" in Nigeria which is already suffering major environmental damage from oil spills in the delta and the flaring of excess gas.
(5) But the huge amounts of water and solvents needed to extract oil from bitumen dramatically boost greenhouse gas output and, on latest production forecasts, will increase Canada’s CO2 emissions by 56 megatonnes by 2020 .
(6) The primary task is to ascertain whether tar bitumen can be replaced as a binder in paving for roads and what safety measures are practicable.
(7) Even plastics and bitumen which were used in the sphere of drinking water showed after an exposure time of three months up to 192 ml slime per square meter.
(8) The acute toxicity of three materials derived from Athabasca Oil Sands--(1) bitumen plus naphtha, (2) untreated naphtha (0-250 degrees C) and (3) synthetic crude oil (0-500 degrees C)--was assessed in a battery of tests.
(9) The relation of carbohydrate and protein content significantly changed from 2 at the beginning to 30 after 12 months of incubation the bitumen coating test plates.
(10) Since the bitumen-derived streams do not differ substantially in carcinogenic potency from petroleum-derived materials of comparable boiling range and process history, industrial hygiene practices which limit exposures to levels comparable to those observed in the petroleum-refining industry should provide similar measures of protection.
(11) Biological monitoring of exposure to bitumen fumes during road-paving operations was carried out.
(12) The exposure of sixteen road workers to bitumen fumes was studied.
(13) Time-weighted average values of bitumen fumes were determined by personal samplers.
(14) Mineral water and bitumen fraction induced an increase of the enzyme activity by 23, 20 and 45%, respectively.
(15) Bitumen plus naphtha administered at a concentration of 1.46 mg l-1 did not cause mortality in exposed rats or mice.
(16) A 2010 analysis by Accufacts Inc., an energy consulting firm that focuses on pipelines, identified Koch's Corpus Christi plant as one of 22 Gulf Coast refineries—out of more than 50—that is now capable of refining "a significant volume of blended bitumen," the type of crude that would flow through the Keystone XL.
(17) The village's fishing creek is contaminated; the school has been looted; the mangrove forests are coated in bitumen and everyone has left, refugees from a place blighted by the exploitation of the region's most valuable asset: crude oil.
(18) If the oil finds its way into those waters, the heavy tar sands bitumen will create a submerged disaster requiring a cleanup effort far above and beyond conventional responses.
(19) The carcinogenic potential of Athabasca tar sands and six experimental liquids derived from crude bitumen was evaluated utilizing the mouse epidermal carcinogenesis model.
(20) In the laboratory technique they have been using the American PIN-DEX system of pull-out necks, modelling of buttress construction without relief and together with the construction, in addition to ceramic facet making to chemical facet-making by means of composite bitumen made by KULZER, trade mark DENTACOLOR XS, which polymerize in Ultraviolet light.
Pavement
Definition:
(n.) That with which anythingis paved; a floor or covering of solid material, laid so as to make a hard and convenient surface for travel; a paved road or sidewalk; a decorative interior floor of tiles or colored bricks.
(v. t.) To furnish with a pavement; to pave.
Example Sentences:
(1) While it’s not unknown to see such self-balancing mini scooters on the pavement, under legal guidance reiterated on Monday by the Crown Prosecution Service all such “personal transporters”, including hoverboards and Segways , are banned from the footpath.
(2) A 25-year-old man has handed himself in to police after video footage emerged that appeared to show a man screaming Islamophobic abuse at a pensioner, and then seeming to throw his walking frame out on to the pavement.
(3) A camera located in Downing Street shows Mitchell leaving 9 Downing Street and approaching the main double gates on his bike at 19.36:14 and as he stops to talk to police officers, a woman crosses on the pavement proceeding towards Trafalgar Square.
(4) Working in tandem with Westminster city council, Transport for London and the Greater London Authority, the crown estate has pedestrianised several side streets, widened pavements, and introduced a diagonal crossing at Oxford Circus and new traffic islands at Piccadilly Circus, along with two-way traffic on Piccadilly, Pall Mall and St James's Street.
(5) Chinese media and bloggers published images of three young children in blue school uniforms lying dead on the pavement – a grim echo of the high casualty rate at poorly constructed schools in Sichuan in 2008, when a bigger quake killed 87,000 people.
(6) His body was found on the pavement of Portman Avenue, in East Sheen, an affluent west London suburb, shortly before 7.45am on 9 September last year, just after flight BA76 from Luanda, the Angolan capital, passed overhead.
(7) Within 30 minutes, the picture of her laughing outside a pavement restaurant had been retweeted 2,400 times and favourited 4,500 times.
(8) 9 At the bottom of the slope go through the gate on to the road (cross with care) and turn right along the pavement.
(9) We’d get recognised when we went out, and I developed a bad crick in my spine because I was staring at the pavement so much.
(10) Continue straight on at two roundabouts from where the pavement makes its way alongside Salisbury Crags to reach an obvious grassy path.
(11) But as she sped along the pavement in Westminster yesterday, captured on film by cameramen and baffled tourists alike, repeating the words "we won!
(12) Built on a scrubby ridge of limestone pavement, the houses of Khirbet Susiya are closely overlooked by a neighbouring Israeli settlement built on land expropriated from the villagers – illegal under international law – and, unlike the Palestinian village, connected to public services.
(13) It would be just my luck to drop dead on the pavement, confusing the dog and not having time to give Daughter final vital instructions.
(14) The surface cells form a continous epithelial pavement.
(15) But they're still far smaller than groups in the US, with individual members often kneeling on freezing pavements for hours to hold the 12-hour presence demanded by the group HQ that's located "somewhere in Texas".
(16) This is why, you see, people with rucksacks pummel all those in their immediate vicinity with their giant sacks as they trundle on their way, whacking them about as they blithely move about trains, pavements or any other public area.
(17) The speed of the car was such that it carried up on to the pavement and crashed into the support of a road sign and stopped, depositing Lee Rigby in the area between the front of the car and an adjacent wall.
(18) Art galleries are scarce in the ravaged cities, but there are blank walls and pavements in abundance.
(19) Crunching their way gingerly along pavements scattered with de-icing salt, they hurried from shop to shop – young mothers wheeling pushchairs, older women leaning heavily on shopping trolleys, men trudging alongside their partners, laden with carrier bags.
(20) During the trial the officer accepted he was wrong in retrospect to have hit Tomlinson on the back of the leg and shoved him to the pavement as the 47-year-old walked slowly away from police lines on the evening of 1 April 2009, but told an often emotional trial that he believed at the time the action had been necessary.