(n.) The quantity of medicine given, or prescribed to be taken, at one time.
(n.) A sufficient quantity; a portion; as much as one can take, or as falls to one to receive.
(n.) Anything nauseous that one is obliged to take; a disagreeable portion thrust upon one.
(n.) To proportion properly (a medicine), with reference to the patient or the disease; to form into suitable doses.
(n.) To give doses to; to medicine or physic to; to give potions to, constantly and without need.
(n.) To give anything nauseous to.
Example Sentences:
(1) This trend appeared to reverse itself in the low dose animals after 3 hr, whereas in the high dose group, cardiac output continued to decline.
(2) The resulting dose distribution is displayed using traditional 2-dimensional displays or as an isodose surface composited with underlying anatomy and the target volume.
(3) Age difference did not affect the mean dose-effect response.
(4) The rash presented either as a pityriasis rosea-like picture which appeared about three to six months after the onset of treatment in patients taking low doses, or alternatively, as lichenoid plaques which appeared three to six months after commencement of medication in patients taking high doses.
(5) Neutrons induced a dose-dependent cytotoxicity and mutation frequency in the AL cells.
(6) Urinary ANF immunoreactivity was significantly enhanced by candoxatril in both groups (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.01 in groups 1 and 2, respectively), with a more pronounced effect evident at the higher dose (P less than 0.01).
(7) Open field behaviors and isolation-induced aggression were reduced by anxiolytics, at doses which may be within the sedative-hypnotic range.
(8) The fraction of the viral dose which became cell associated was independent of the incubation temperature and increased with increasing target membrane concentration.
(9) The second group only with Haloperidol (same dose).
(10) The level of gadd45 mRNA increased rapidly after X rays at doses as low as 2 Gy.
(11) The cumulative incidence of grade II and III acute GVHD in the 'low dose' cyclosporin group was 42% compared to 51% in the 'standard dose' group (P = 0.60).
(12) The diffusion of Myocamicin in the prostatic tissue of patients undergoing prostatectomy after a single oral dose of 600 mg has been studied.
(13) In X-irradiated litters, almost invariably, the incidence of anophthalmia was higher in exencephalic than in nonexencephalic embryos and the ratio of these incidences (relative risk) decreased toward 1 with increasing dose.
(14) Similarly, doses of deferoxamine at the time of the study were not different.
(15) A survey carried out two and three years after the launch of the official campaign also showed a reduction in the prevalence of rickets in children taking low dose supplements equivalent to about 2.5 micrograms (100 IU) vitamin D daily.
(16) A quantitative comparison of tissue distribution and excretion of an orally administered sublethal dose of [3H]diacetoxyscirpenol (anguidine) was made in rats and mice 90 min, 24 hr, and 7 days after treatment.
(17) The inhibitory effects were stronger in A549 lung cancer cells than in HEL cells at the same TFP dose.
(18) At the highest dose of chloroquine tested (500 microM), a slightly greater increase in insulin binding and a decrease in insulin degradation were observed in fetal cells as compared with adult cells.
(19) Pituitary weight, mitotic index and chromosomes were studied in male rats following a single or repeated dose of estradiol-benzoate for a total period of 210 days.
(20) Estimates of the risk probability for each dose level and sacrifice time are found utilizing the sample likelihood as the posterior density.
Underdose
Definition:
(n.) A dose which is less than required; a small or insufficient dose.
(v. t. & i.) To give an underdose or underdoses to; to practice giving insufficient doses.
Example Sentences:
(1) In renal failure patients, there is obviously not only the risk of overdosing and toxic side effects but also the risk of insufficient bactericidal effect as a result of underdosing.
(2) Eleven other lions, nine of which were initially underdosed, required additional injections of the drug combination for safe handling.
(3) Using the models of simulated air cavities, combined air cavity and air channel, and taking measurement with a small window parallel plate ionization chamber in solid phantoms, it is found that the air spaces in the human body will cause underdose or overdose at the exit air space surface for 10MV X-ray and Co-60 r-ray.
(4) As there was no evidence that higher mianserin (plus metabolite) steady-state concentrations were associated with a more favourable effect, the negative outcome appeared not to be related to underdosing with mianserin.
(5) Underdosed mass drug administration and subcurative medication have this direct effect.
(6) Variability in V was not significantly different than variability in CL, and may result in severe underdosing or overdosing.
(7) An average of 22% of the target volume was underdosed at the 95% isodose level with the 2D plans compared to 7% with the 3D plans.
(8) However, mid-plane planning was shown to be totally inadequate for off-axis planes, where the average target gradient and underdose scores were reduced by 10 units.
(9) An explanation for the observed underdose is also presented.
(10) These data indicate that etoposide bioavailability is not constant and oral therapy may lead to unsuspected underdosing or unexpected toxicity in schedules extending over several days.
(11) However, tumors growing on the surface of the air cavities do cause serious concern by conscientious radiation therapists and physicist about the possibility of underdose.
(12) (2) Caution is advisable when a transplant team adopts a new cyclosporine assay for clinical use; formal study between existing assay methods and any newly adopted assay is warranted to prevent inadvertent underdosing or overdosing with cyclosporine.
(13) In 50% of new diagnoses medication was underdosed, in some cases medication was wrong or not broad enough.
(14) In conclusion, these data caution about the risk of underdosing 6-mercaptopurine in overweight children when administering it on the basis of body surface area.
(15) Serum TSH mainly prevents the underdose of patients but cannot help in case of overdose.
(16) The upper neck nodes may be underdosed since this is 20% cooler than the lateral-anterior neck dose (where a large 120% hot spot exists).
(17) As changes in pharmacokinetic parameters will alter dosage requirements, dosage regimens cannot be transferred from one age group to another without the risk of underdosing or overdosing.
(18) As a result, unanticipated underdosing inside the field and greater dose outside the field can occur when high-energy X rays are used.
(19) He cautioned of the impending crisis while accepting his Nobel prize in 1945 : “There is the danger that the ignorant man may easily underdose himself and by exposing his microbes to non-lethal quantities of the drug make them resistant.” But scientific innovation, and increased awareness, has shown the severity of the threat.
(20) It is concluded that, usually from unjustified fear of exceeding the "tolerance limit", radiotherapy of glioblastomas is underdosed.