(n.) A genus of small European and American trees; the spindle tree. The bark is used as a cathartic.
Example Sentences:
(1) Treatment of Euonymus japonica leaves with the n-butyl ester of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid causes premature senescence and leaf fall and stimulates ethylene production by the blade 5-to 25-fold.
(2) Also, an increase in the galactose content (74%) as compared with control cells (34%) is in agreement with the peanut agglutinin and Euonymus europaeus lectins agglutination results.
(3) These data were confirmed in ELISA and Western Blot assays carried out with peroxidase-labelled EE and Con A. Euonymus europaeus recognized several glycoproteins in all trypanosomatids that we tested.
(4) It was shown that precipitates formed by lectins from Ricinus communis (RCA1), Canavalia ensiformis (Con A), Euonymus europaeus (Eel) in the presence of appropriate carbohydrate-containing molecules disappeared after cysteine addition, like after addition of specific carbohydrate precipitation inhibitors.
(5) We observed a wide distribution of the carbohydrate epitopes galactosyl alpha(1-3)galactose (gal alpha1-3 gal), alpha-glucoside and alpha-mannoside in mono- and heteroxenic trypanosomatids by using fluorescein-labelled lectins of Euonymus europaeus (EE) and Concanavalin A (Con A) as well as sera from acute chagasic patients who have very high levels of anti-gal alpha(1-3)gal antibodies.
(6) The Euonymus europaeus agglutinin (EEA) is an endothelial marker in mammalia.
(7) Retinal vascular endothelial cells consistently bound ABA, ECA, PHA-E and RCA-I, but they could also bind BPA, HPA, Bandeiraea simplicifolia (BSA-I), Dolichos biflorus (DBA) and Euonymus europaeus (EEA) agglutinins in unpretreated sections, as well as MPA, PNA, soybean (SBA) and Sophora japonica (SJA) agglutinins subsequent to predigestion with neuraminidase.
(8) Using Wagner parsimony analysis, one most parsimonious tree resulted that shows the Santalales to be a holophyletic taxon most closely related to Euonymus (Celastraceae).
(9) Five of the lectins that bind to oligosaccharides containing either N-acetylglucosamine (phytohaemagglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, pokeweed mitogen, and wheat germ agglutinin) or N-acetylneuraminic acid (Mycoplasma gallisepticum lectin) all had a specific effect on microvilli.
(10) Five days old promastigote culture forms of two stocks of Leishmania enriettii pathogenic and non-infective for Cavia procellus, were tested with the lectins of Canavalia ensiformis, Ricinus communis-120, Soja hispida (Glycine maxima), Arachis hypogaea, Ulex europaeus, Ulex europaeus I, Ulex europaeus II, Laburnum alpinum, Lotus tetragonolobus, Euonymus europaeus and with a monoclonal antibody against blood group H. The pathogenic stock reacted with the anti-H lectin of Lotus tetragonolobus and the monoclonal anti-H and the monoclonal anti-H but not with anti-H of U. europaeus I and E. europaeus.
(11) Macro-and microscopic characters were observed on the more popular ethnic substitutes of dutzhong derived from 21 species of Euonymus (Celastraceae).
(12) The binding of K88 fimbriae to mucus proteins was blocked using a lectin of Euonymus europeaus which specifically recognizes the Gal alpha(1-3)Gal sequence, indicating that this disaccharide forms a significant part of the receptor structure.
(13) regelii Makino and Euonymus sieboldianus Blume, using their possible inhibitory effects on the Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) activation which is induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in Raji cells.
(14) A 44-year-old goldsmith suffered from rhinitis and conjunctivitis after having worked with wood dust from Euonymus europaeus (E.e.)
(15) The Spatholobus suberectus (SS) of hexue type, the Euonymus alatus (EA) of huoxue type and the Eupolyphaga sinensis (ES) of poxue type were selected and their influence on plasma lipid in the experimental hyperlipidemia quails was observed.
(16) Furthermore, the lectins Euonymus europaeus (EE) specific for the carbohydrates gal alpha 1-3 gal present a similar lytic activity against T. cruzi at the same concentrations of purified anti-gal antibodies.
(17) Euonymus Sieboldiana seeds possess a lectin for human erythrocytes with anti-B specificity.
Spindle
Definition:
(n.) The long, round, slender rod or pin in spinning wheels by which the thread is twisted, and on which, when twisted, it is wound; also, the pin on which the bobbin is held in a spinning machine, or in the shuttle of a loom.
(n.) A slender rod or pin on which anything turns; an axis; as, the spindle of a vane.
(n.) The shaft, mandrel, or arbor, in a machine tool, as a lathe or drilling machine, etc., which causes the work to revolve, or carries a tool or center, etc.
(n.) The vertical rod on which the runner of a grinding mill turns.
(n.) A shaft or pipe on which a core of sand is formed.
(n.) The fusee of a watch.
(n.) A long and slender stalk resembling a spindle.
(n.) A yarn measure containing, in cotton yarn, 15,120 yards; in linen yarn, 14,400 yards.
(n.) A solid generated by the revolution of a curved line about its base or double ordinate or chord.
(n.) Any marine univalve shell of the genus Rostellaria; -- called also spindle stromb.
(n.) Any marine gastropod of the genus Fusus.
(v. i.) To shoot or grow into a long, slender stalk or body; to become disproportionately tall and slender.
Example Sentences:
(1) A spindle cell sarcoma appeared 20 months after implantation of a pellet of 3-methylcholanthrene in the denervated foreleg of an adult frog, Rana pipiens.
(2) Actin is present in chromosomal spindle fibres, with consistent polarity.
(3) The aim was to clarify the nature of their constituent cells, specifically the giant ganglion-like cells and spindle cells, and to discuss the implications for histogenesis.
(4) Despite severe defects in the 1st or 2nd meiotic spindles in all mutants, no effect on mitosis was observed.
(5) The unsatisfactory smear showed atypical spindle cells.
(6) The cortical thresholds for contraction of m. extensor digitorum communis and for acceleration of the discharges of its muscle spindles have therefore been compared.2.
(7) Out of the remaining 14 cases six tumours consisted of epithelioid cells, one--spindle-shaped and seven were of mixed structure.
(8) Fibroblastic cells were characterized by their spindle shape, content of a mucopolysaccharide, their relative inability to synthesize infectious influenza virus, and production of a cell-associated noninfectious hemagglutinin.
(9) Germinal vesicle stage oocytes undergo perinuclear aggregation of acidic organelles during GVBD and these organelles subsequently disperse into the cell cortex as the first meiotic spindle migrates to the oocyte periphery.
(10) This is the first study identifying the birefringence of the spindle microtubules as well as three sets of microfilamentous structure in Dictyostelium.
(11) In reviewing recent progress concerning the motor system and drug action, the following subjects will be discussed on the basis of our data: 1) the mechanisms of action of mephenesin and baclofen, 2) baclofen and gamma-aminobutyric acid B (GABAB) receptor, 3) GABA-, benzodiazepine receptors, 4) control of spinal motor system by descending noradrenergic neuron, 5) pharmacology of the muscle spindle, and 6) pharmaco-metrics of centrally acting muscle relaxants.
(12) The V79 cells were treated for 30 min and in general, loss of a stainable spindle could be demonstrated at slightly higher concentrations than c-mitosis.
(13) Seven tumours were predominantly of blue and spindle-cell, fascicular type, resembling malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour and at times monophasic synovial sarcoma.
(14) To our knowledge, peripheral adenocarcinoma of the lung with a spindle-cell component has not been described previously.
(15) H-protein altered the structure of the LMM paracrystals, especially the spindle-shaped ones.
(16) Isolated nuclei from green leaf tissue of tomato plants infected with potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) were bound to microscope slides, fixed with formaldehyde and hybridized with biotinylated transcripts of cloned PSTVd cDNA.
(17) The wire functioned as a spindle along which the distraction of the osteotomized bone fragments was continued.
(18) It is suggested that contracting extrafusal muscle fibres can modulate the discharge pattern of spindle endings and contribute to the variability of discharge during a voluntary contraction.
(19) In the same subject, also the ratio between the number of the muscle spindles found in m. rectus dorsalis and that of m. levator palpebrae superioris was examined.
(20) We tested nine (cadmium chloride, chloral hydrate, colchicine, diazepam, econazole nitrate, hydroquinone, pyrimethamine, thiabendazole, thimerosal) of the 10 known or suspected spindle poisons of the coordinated programme to study aneuploidy induction sponsored by the Commission of the European Communities using Saccharomyces cerevisiae D61.M (mitotic chromosomal malsegregation system).